Multivariate Analysis of Blood Pressure and Body Mass Index (BMI) for the Aged in Calabar South: The Counselors Intervention Strategy on Awareness Creation on Stress Related Disorder

Multivariate analytical study was carried out for the blood pressure (BP) indicators and body mass indices (BMI) for the aged in Calabar South Local Government area of Cross River State, Nigeria using the systolic, diastolic and pulse rate and for weight over the square of heights as indices for stress related disorders. The research focuses on multivariate analysis using principal component analysis, factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha statistics, biplot analysis, matrix plot, linear trend model and Turkey’s multiple comparative statistics between age, blood pressure and body mass index among the aged of 60 – 90 years. The study evaluated one hundred and twenty aged people separated into six groups based on age. Appropriate equipment and tools were used to measure the systolic and diastolic blood pressures and pulse rates. The body mass index was determined using weight over square of height (kg/m2). The data generated was analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis of Minitab v17 statistical software. The results revealed that all six age brackets evaluated for the aged showed 66- 70 and 81 -85 yrs showed pre –obese conditions while the other four age brackets showed obese class 1 hypertension respectively. The results further showed that five principal components accounted for 100 percent of total variations in BMI and BP for the aged in the study area with principal component one (PC1) with eigen value of 0.398 contributing 56.90% to the observed total variation. The principal loading variable for this component was obtained from pulse rate (0.470). A trend linear model of Yt = 23.94 + 1.233 x t was obtained for the trend analysis indicating the high dependence of the BMI and BP (Y) on age (t). The results of Cronbach’s alpha statistics revealed a high level of low precision and high standard errors among all variables evaluated showing less than 70 percent. The Turkey’s multiple comparative analysis revealed high level of inconsistency among the variables as we compared one variable to another. The counselor’s intervention strategy focuses on the creation of awareness on the need for a regular and routine blood pressure check - up for the aged, the need to create awareness on the potential risk factors that predisposes aged to increased blood pressure and pulse rates, the need for urgent guidance and counseling program for the aged on the dangers of drug abuse, smoking and poor dieting and the need for government safety nets intervention program for the aged to reduce increasing stress related disorders which is highly prevalence among the aged in the area.

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Principal Component Analysis of Birth Weight of Child, Maternal Pregnancy Weight and Maternal Pregnancy Body Mass Index: A Multivariate Analysis

American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics ◽

10.11648/j.ajtas.20211001.17 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Kindu Kebede Gebre

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Body Mass ◽

Principal Component ◽

Component Analysis ◽

Pregnancy Weight

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Linkage analysis of glucocorticoid and β2-adrenergic receptor genes with blood pressure and body mass index

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1999.276.4.h1379 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 276 (4) ◽

pp. H1379-H1384 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Seiju Takami ◽

Zilla Y. H. Wong ◽

Margaret Stebbing ◽

Stephen B. Harrap

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Linkage Analysis ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass ◽

Pulse Rate ◽

Adrenergic Receptor ◽

Receptor Gene ◽

Chromosome 5Q31 ◽

Index Weight

Glucocorticoids and catecholamines exert important effects on cardiovascular physiology and metabolism. Variants of the glucocorticoid receptor gene ( GRL) and the β2-adrenergic receptor gene ( ADRB2) have been associated with high blood pressure and obesity. These genes are close on human chromosome 5q31–5q32, and we undertook a linkage analysis of this region in 264 families from the general population in relation to systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, weight, height, and pulse rate. All family members were genotyped at four microsatellite loci (D5S207, D5S210, D5S519, and D5S119) located on chromosome 5q31–5q33.3. Using quantitative identity-by-descent sibling pair linkage analysis, we found that at no loci was genetic similarity associated with phenotypic similarity for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, weight, height, or pulse rate. Although it is not possible to exclude the influence of specific combinations of certain GRL and ADRB2 polymorphisms, the absence of significant linkage in our population argues against a role for GRL or ADRB2 in physiological variation of blood pressure and body mass index.

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Correlation and Regression Analysis of Age and Body Mass Index (BMI) Among Nsidung Fisher Folks, Calabar South, Cross River State, Nigeria: The Counselor Sensitization Strategy

Annual Research & Review in Biology ◽

10.9734/arrb/2021/v36i730400 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 77-85

Author(s):

Florence A. Undiyaundeye ◽

Effiom B. Ekeng ◽

Godwin M. Ubi

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Intervention Strategy ◽

The Body ◽

Cross River ◽

Cross River State ◽

Potential Risk Factors

The research focuses on the relationship between age, blood pressure and body mass index among fisher folks at Nsidung, Calabar south, cross River state Nigeria. The study evaluated one hundred and twenty fisher folks separated into six groups based on age. Appropriate equipment and tools were used to measure the systolic and diastolic blood pressures and pulse rates. The body mass index was determined using weight over square of height (kg/m2). The data generated was analyzed using Pearson’s’ correlation coefficient and linear regreesion analysis. The results showed that the age of the Nsidung fisher folks correlates strongly, positively and significantly with their body mass index and systolic blood pressure and correlated negatively, weakly and non-significantly with diastolic blood pressure, mean body weights, height and pulse rate. The results also revealed that a body mass index is linearly dependent on the age of the fisher folks. The results of correlation analysis reveals that age correlated (r=0.719; p<0.001) and (r=0.883; p<0.001) significantly, positively and strongly with Body mass index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure respectively. The study revealed the line of best fit equation Y = 1.2329X + 23.937 with a significant regression coefficient R2 of 0.5182. The counselor’s intervention strategy will focus on the creation of awareness on the need for a regular and routine blood pressure check - up by all fisher folks at Nsidung. There is need to create awareness on the potential risk factors that predisposes the Nsidung fisher folks to increased blood pressure and pulse rates. The need for urgent guidance and counseling program for the Nsidung fisher folks on the dangers of drug abuse, smoking and poor dieting which is highly prevalent among them. The need for government safety nets intervention program for the aged among the Nsidung fisher folks to forestall increasing cardiac associated problem which is highly prevalence among the aged.

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Interactions between C-reactive protein and traditional risk factors in predicting mortality of older adults

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000599 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 127-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Henrik Rudolf ◽

Naemi Wall ◽

Renate Klaassen-Mielke ◽

Ulrich Thiem ◽

Curt Diehm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Older Adults ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Hazard Ratio ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

High Level

Abstract. Background: Elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) are known to be associated with cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in older adults, however, there seems to be heterogeneity of this association across subsets of individuals. We aim to assess the effects of interactions between CRP and one of the following traditional CV risk factors regarding all-cause mortality in unselected elderly men and women: age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, and hypertension. Patients and methods: Three hundred and forty-four general practitioners all over Germany enrolled 6,817 unselected participants, aged 65 years or older, and performed thorough examinations, including CRP measurement at baseline (getABI study). All-cause mortality was determined in the following seven years. Cox regression analyses were done using uni- and multivariable models. Results: At baseline 4,172 participants of this cohort had a CRP value of ≤ 3 mg/L (low level CRP group), 2,645 participants had a CRP value of > 3 mg/L (high level CRP group). The unadjusted hazard ratio for all-cause death of the high level CRP group compared to the low level CRP group was 1.49 (95 % confidence interval [95 %CI] 1.34 to 1.66). After adjustment for sex, age, education, peripheral artery disease/media sclerosis, other prior vascular events, smoking status, diabetes, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication, body mass index, cholesterol, and statin use, the hazard ratio was 1.34 (95 %CI 1.20 to 1.50). Significant interactions with CRP were found for sex (adjusted hazard ratio 1.38, 95 %CI 1.11 to 1.72), age (0.75, 95 %CI 0.60 to 0.94), and baseline systolic blood pressure (0.64, 95 % CI 0.51 to 0.81). The interactions of CRP with body mass index and of CRP with diabetes were not significant. Conclusions: In older German adults, there seem to be effect modifications by age, sex, and arterial hypertension regarding the effect of CRP in the prediction of all-cause mortality.

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Indicators of Obesity and Cardiovascular Parameters in Obese and Non-Obese Subjects

10.53350/pjmhs2115103413 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 3413-3416

Author(s):

Sana Majeed ◽

Rabia Azhar ◽

Aysha Mushtaq ◽

Tooba Jamal ◽

Sidra Ashfaq

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Pulse Rate ◽

Obese Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Cardiovascular Parameters ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

And Control

Background and Aim: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic that is endangering an increasing number healthy populations. Obesity is caused by a sedentary lifestyle and poor dietary habits. Although numerous studies on obesity effects on cardiovascular parameters (CVP) are existing, associations between obese and non-obese people are limited. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the indicators for obesity and compared obese and non-obese association with cardiovascular parameters. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 80 subjects in the Department of Physiology, Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi in collaboration with Railway General Hospital, Rawalpindi for duration of six months i.e from January 2020 to June 2021. All the subjects were divided into obese group-I and non-obese group-II. Each group consisted of 40 subjects. Individuals with body mass index 18 to 25 Kg/m2 and >26 Kg/m2 were considered as obese and non-obese respectively. Informed consent and ethical approval were taken from each individual and hospital ethical committee respectively. All the subjects (BMI> 26 Kg/m2) with medical issues specifically cardio-respiratory and smokers were excluded. Quetelet’s index and Vernier Caliper was used for physical examination and triceps skinfold girth (TSG). SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the total 80 subjects, the study and control group had 40 subjects each. The overall mean age was 41.31±2.3 years. The mean value of body mass index in the study and control group was 34.6±5 Kg/m2 and 23.4±1.2 Kg/m2 respectively. Mean weight, body mass index, waist circumference (WC), and triceps skin girth (TSG) were found significantly higher in the study group as compared to the control group whereas study group subjects had lower height than the control group (p<0.005). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse pressure (PP) were significantly higher in the study group as compared to control group subjects considering 0.0005 level of significance, however, pulse rate (PR) was insignificant in the study group (0.05). Cardiovascular parameters were found significant and positive in the study group only with a 0.05 level of significance on Pearson’s Correlation. Conclusion: Our study found that shorter height with accelerated pulse rate subjects was prone to cardiovascular diseases. Also, short height with a higher pulse rate is obesity's best indicator correlating in obese or study group. Additionally, obesity has a significant association with subject lipid profile which may elevate the potential risk for cardiovascular disease development. Keywords: Obesity; Cardiovascular Parameters, Obesity Indicators

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2496-PUB: Effect of Body Mass Index on HbA1c, Blood Pressure, and Cholesterol (ABC) Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes from Tibet in China

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db19-2496-pub ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 2496-PUB

Author(s):

ZHANG CHENGHUI ◽

LI MINGXIA ◽

WANG SUYUAN ◽

WU YUNHONG

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass

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KEJADIAN PENYAKIT HIPERTENSI DAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH PADA PEREMPUAN YANG TINGGAL DI PEDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN

Jurnal Kesehatan Kusuma Husada ◽

10.34035/jk.v10i2.388 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 127-136

Author(s):

Venti Agustina

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Rural Women ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Stage I ◽

Normal Body Mass Index ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal Body ◽

Stadium I

Hipertensiadalah penyebab kematian utama di Indonesia. Kematian akibat hipertensi lebih banyak terjadi di perkotaan dibandingkan di desa. Tingginya kejadian hipertensi dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang dapat dikontrol (obesitas,berat badan lebih, konsumsi garam berlebih,aktivitas fisik rendah, perokok, dan konsumsi alkohol) dan faktor yang tidak dapat dikontrol (genetik, usia, dan jenis kelamin). Penelitian bertujuan memberikan gambarandistribusi tekanan darah dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) pendudukperempuan di kota maupun di desa.Desain penelitian adalah deskriptif kuatitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data primer didapatkan melalui pengukuran tekanan darah, tinggi badan dan berat badan. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Kutowinangun Kidul, Kecamatan Tingkir,Salatiga yang mewakili penduduk perempuan di perkotaan dan Desa Batur, Kecamatan Getasan, Kabupaten Semarangyang mewakili penduduk perempuan pedesaan. Adapun jumlah sampel masing-masing 66 respondendan 72responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kejadian penyakit hipertensi, resiko obese dan obese lebih didominasi oleh respondendi perkotaan dibandingkan di pedesaan dengan rentang usia di atas 46 tahun. Respondendi desa dengan indeks massa tubuh normal cenderung mengalami pre-hipertensi (8,3%) dan hipertensi stadium I (6,9%) sementararesponden dengan resiko obese dan obese cenderung mengalami hipertensi stadium I (1,4%).Respondendi kota dengan indeks massa tubuh normal cenderung mengalami pre hipertensi (6,06%), hipertensi stadium I (4,5%) dan II (7,5%). Responden dengan resiko obese cenderung mengalami hipertensi stadium I (4,5%), dan responden dengan obese I dan II cenderung mengalami pre-hipertensi (4,5%). Hypertension is the leading cause of death in Indonesia. Deaths due to hypertension are more common in urban areas than in villages. The high incidence of hypertension is influenced by factors that can be controlled (obesity, overweight, excessive salt consumption, low physical activity, smokers, and alcohol consumption) and factors that cannot be controlled (genetic, age, and sex). The study aimed to provide an overview of blood pressure distribution and body mass index (BMI) of female residents in cities and villages. The study design was descriptive quantitative with a cross sectional approach. Primary data was obtained through measurements of blood pressure, height and weight. The study was conducted in Kutowinangun Kidul Village, Tingkir Subdistrict, Salatiga representing women in urban areas and Batur Village, Getasan Subdistrict, Semarang Regency, representing rural women. The number of samples was 66 respondents and 72 respondents respectively. The results showed that the incidence of hypertension, the risk of obese and obese was more dominated by respondents in urban areas than in rural areas with ages above 46 years. Respondents in villages with normal body mass index tended to experience pre-hypertension (8.3%) and stage I hypertension (6.9%) while respondents with obese and obese risk tended to experience stage I hypertension (1.4%). Respondents in cities with normal body mass index tended to experience pre-hypertension (6.06%), stage I hypertension (4.5%) and II (7.5%). Respondents with obese risk tended to experience stage I hypertension (4.5%), and respondents with obese I and II tended to experience pre-hypertension (4.5%).

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