Indicators of Obesity and Cardiovascular Parameters in Obese and Non-Obese Subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3413-3416
Author(s):  
Sana Majeed ◽  
Rabia Azhar ◽  
Aysha Mushtaq ◽  
Tooba Jamal ◽  
Sidra Ashfaq
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cardiovascular Parameters ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
And Control

Background and Aim: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic that is endangering an increasing number healthy populations. Obesity is caused by a sedentary lifestyle and poor dietary habits. Although numerous studies on obesity effects on cardiovascular parameters (CVP) are existing, associations between obese and non-obese people are limited. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the indicators for obesity and compared obese and non-obese association with cardiovascular parameters. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 80 subjects in the Department of Physiology, Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi in collaboration with Railway General Hospital, Rawalpindi for duration of six months i.e from January 2020 to June 2021. All the subjects were divided into obese group-I and non-obese group-II. Each group consisted of 40 subjects. Individuals with body mass index 18 to 25 Kg/m2 and >26 Kg/m2 were considered as obese and non-obese respectively. Informed consent and ethical approval were taken from each individual and hospital ethical committee respectively. All the subjects (BMI> 26 Kg/m2) with medical issues specifically cardio-respiratory and smokers were excluded. Quetelet’s index and Vernier Caliper was used for physical examination and triceps skinfold girth (TSG). SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the total 80 subjects, the study and control group had 40 subjects each. The overall mean age was 41.31±2.3 years. The mean value of body mass index in the study and control group was 34.6±5 Kg/m2 and 23.4±1.2 Kg/m2 respectively. Mean weight, body mass index, waist circumference (WC), and triceps skin girth (TSG) were found significantly higher in the study group as compared to the control group whereas study group subjects had lower height than the control group (p<0.005). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse pressure (PP) were significantly higher in the study group as compared to control group subjects considering 0.0005 level of significance, however, pulse rate (PR) was insignificant in the study group (0.05). Cardiovascular parameters were found significant and positive in the study group only with a 0.05 level of significance on Pearson’s Correlation. Conclusion: Our study found that shorter height with accelerated pulse rate subjects was prone to cardiovascular diseases. Also, short height with a higher pulse rate is obesity's best indicator correlating in obese or study group. Additionally, obesity has a significant association with subject lipid profile which may elevate the potential risk for cardiovascular disease development. Keywords: Obesity; Cardiovascular Parameters, Obesity Indicators

EFFECT OF SLOW BREATHING EXERCISE PRACTICE ON ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonali Tripathi ◽  
Apoorva Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Breathing Exercise ◽  
Slow Breathing ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Regular practice of slow breathing technique shows improvement in the cardio respiratory functions.  it is well known to decrease the effect of stress which, in turn, improves the physical and mental health of an individual. Objectives: To assess the effect of slow breathing exercise practice on anthropometric parameters in healthy volunteers. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 young, healthy volunteers of both genders participated in this study. The subjects were allocated to the study group (n = 30) and control group (n = 30) based on simple random technique. Slow breathing exercise training was given to the study group for 20 minutes daily in two sessions for 12 weeks. Heights, weight, body mass index (BMI), were recorded at the start of the study and after 12 weeks in both the groups. Comparison between the study group and control group was done by Student’s unpaired t-test. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The average age of the study group and control group participants was 19.7 ± 1.7 years and 19.4 ± 1.9 years, respectively. BMI was significantly decreased in the study group from 21.72 ± 4.12 to 19.56 ± 3.92 (P < 0.05). There was a trend toward decrease in the waist–hip ratio from 0.78 ± 0.62 to 0.74 ± 0.58 (P > 0.05) which was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Slow breathing exercise training improve the anthropometric parameters in the study group. This indicates that regular, long-term slow breathing exercise training helps in weight reduction among the obese population. Keywords: Obesity, Anthropometry, Slow Breathing Exercises, body mass index, stress.

scholarly journals Sonographic Evaluation of Plantar Fasciitis and its Relation to Body Mass Index and Heel Pad Thickness

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Prashant Khatiwada ◽  
Dinesh Chataut ◽  
Kamal Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Plantar Fasciitis ◽  
Plantar Fascia ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heel Pad ◽  
And Control ◽  
Calcaneal Tuberosity ◽  
Symptomatic Side

Introduction: To study the sonographic appearance of plantar fascia in clinically suspected cases of plantar fasciitis (PFs) using both quantitative and qualitative parameters, and to establish the correlation between plantar fasciitis, body mass index (BMI) and heel pad thickness (HPT). Methods: In this case controlled analytical study, we sonographically evaluated 100 patients with clinical plantar fasciitis (unilateral: 90, bilateral: 10 with mean age 46.9yrs) and control group of 60 (120 heels) healthy volunteers with mean age 45.3yrs. Plantar Fascia Thickness (PFT), HPT, hypoechogenity, biconvexity, perifascial fluid, intrafascial calcification and subcalcaneal spurs were evaluated sonographically. PFT was measured 5mm distal to the calcaneal insertion of plantar aponeurosis. The unloaded HPT was measured from the skin surface to the nearest calcaneal tuberosity. Results: Mean Plantar Fascia Thickness (PFT) and Heel Pad Thickness (HPT) are greater on the symptomatic side for patients with unilateral and bilateral PFs than on the asymptomatic side for patients with unilateral PFs, and also control subjects (PFT values are 4.41 ± 0.59, 4.63 ± 0.55, 2.83 ± 0.36, 2.62± 0.37 mm, and HPT values 17.64 ± 1.07, 17.28 ± 1.10, 16.91 ± 1.06, 16.73 ± 1.13 mm, respectively) (p <0.0001). Mean BMI values of the case and control groups are 26.14 ± 1.9 and 24.42 ± 0.89 Kg/m2, respectively (p <0.05). We found hypoechogenicity of plantar fascia in 80 cases (72.7%), calcaneal spur in 69 cases (62.7%), biconvexity in 11 cases (10%) and perifascial fluid in 16 cases (14.5%) within the plantar fasciitis group (110 symptomatic heels). Conclusion: Increased plantar fascia thickness, increased heel pad thickness and hypoechogenicity of plantar fascia are consistent sonographic findings in plantar fasciitis. Its occurrence has significant relation to high BMI.

Endocan Concentration in Patients With Primary Hypertension

Angiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Musialowska ◽  
Edyta Zbroch ◽  
Ewa Koc-Zorawska ◽  
Piotr Musialowski ◽  
Jolanta Malyszko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Primary Hypertension ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group

Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction may play an important role in the multifactorial pathogenesis of hypertension. Endocan is also thought to play a role in cell adhesion and inflammatory disorders. The aim of the study was to compare endocan concentrations in patients with primary hypertension and healthy volunteers. There were 104 patients with hypertension (study group) and 21 healthy volunteers (control group). The correlation between endocan, catecholamines, and blood pressure control in patients with primary hypertension and the control group was analyzed. The median endocan concentration in the study group (2.03 ng/mL) was significantly higher than in the control group (1.09 ng/mL, P = .0001). Endocan concentration was correlated positively with renalase ( r = .2, P = .047) and norepinephrine ( r = .25, P = .02). Negative correlation was observed between endocan and body mass index ( r = −.25, P = .016) and leukocyte count ( r = −.36, P = .0004). The present study reports higher plasma endocan concentration in patients with treated, well-controlled primary hypertension compared with healthy volunteers. The higher endocan concentration in the study group may reflect endothelial dysfunction in this population.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF CARDIOVASCULAR PARAMETERS IN OBESE AND NORMAL WEIGHT PEOPLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Jawahirani ◽  
Gajendra Manakshe
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Obese Subject ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cardiovascular Parameters ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stroke Type ◽  
And Control

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, and at least 2.8 million people dying each year as a result of being overweight or obese. Obesity-related conditions include heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes and certain types of cancer that are some of the leading causes of preventable, premature death. Aim: comparison of cardiovascular parameters between obese and normal individual. Material and Methods: His prospective study was carried out in the Dept. of Medicine (Cardiology) at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of medical Sciences, Sawangi Meghe Wardha. Results: A total of 400 participants were included in the study of which 200 were obese and 200 were non obese subject. Conclusion: The present paper has shown the correlation between body mass index and cardiovascular parameters among obese and non-obese. The mean body mass index is greater in obese male than obese female. The strong association of obesity with cardiovascular disease necessitates the importance of prevention and control of obesity and it should begin in early child hood also proper diet and regular medical check-up should be carried out to cope up with the problem of obesity. Keywords: cardiovascular diseases, Obese, BMI.

scholarly journals Prophylactic use of tranexamic acid for reducing postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal delivery

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1654
Author(s):  
Anusha Ginjupalli ◽  
Anuradha S. N. ◽  
Joshi Suyajna D.
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background: The use of anti-fibrinolytic therapy has potential to reduce obstetric blood loss due to profound changes that take place in the fibrinolytic system during normal childbirth. Objective was to evaluate the efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) during normal labour.Methods: Patients who planned for normal delivery and fulfilling the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. The pre-delivery parameters -pulse rate, blood pressure, Hb gm% and PCV% were measured for each patient. The study group received injection oxytocin (10 IU) and injection tranexamic acid (500 mg) slow intravenous route. The control group received injection oxytocin (10 IU) and placebo injection. Immediately after delivery of the anterior shoulder of the baby, when all the liquor was drained, Brasse-V drape is placed under the patient. Then the patient was given pre-weighed pads, which were weighed 2 hours post-partum. Final blood loss was calculated by combining amount of blood collected in the drape and blood absorbed by the pads.Results: The total number of patients studied was 300- equally distributed in both the groups. There was a significant increase in the pulse rate and decrease in blood pressure in the control group compared to the study group. The post-delivery haemoglobin and haematocrit were significantly reduced in the control group. The blood loss was significantly low in the study group. The need for other uterotonics, blood transfusion, and duration of hospital stay, were significantly low in study group.Conclusions: Tranexamic acid, when given prophylactically to the women with vaginal delivery who received prophylactic oxytocin, appears to reduce the blood loss effectively compared to placebo alone.

scholarly journals Risk factors and AGTR1 gene polymorphism (1166A>C) in patients with essential hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4 (96)) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
M. Semianiv
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Pressure Elevation ◽  
A1166c Polymorphism ◽  
Gender And Age

Objective – to analyze the association of risk factors with the 1666 A>C polymorphism of the AGTR1 gene in patients with essential hypertension.Material and methods. 100 patients were screened, 72 of whom were genotyped. The control group consisted of 48 healthy individuals who did not differ in gender and age, and with the group of patients.Results. The obtained data confirmed that the level of blood pressure elevation is associated, to some extent, with modified (diabetes mellitus 2, smoking, body mass index) and unmodified factors (family history, gender) the risk of essential hypertension. The results of the analysis of blood pressure levels considering the A1166C polymorphism of the AGTR1 gene showed that the values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the group of patients with C-allele carriers were higher than in carriers of AA genotype: SBP – by 5.38% (p<0.05), DBP – by 5.15% (p<0.05). Conclusions. The level of blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension depends on body mass index and smoking. In carriers of the C-allele of the AGTR1 gene (A1166C), the level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure exceeds the ones of the carriers of the AA genotype. The presence of the C-allele of the AGTR1 gene (A1166C) almost doubles the risk of severe essential hypertension [OR = 2.75; p = 0.037].

scholarly journals Blood Type and Blood Pressure Correlations to Body Mass Index in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Bambang Edi Suwito ◽  
Viskasari P Kalanjati ◽  
Abdurachman Abdurachman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Abo Blood Type ◽  
Level Of Significance

Specific ABO blood type was reported to the higher risk of having overweight and obesity. The laters had also been suggested to correlate to blood pressure. Here we studied blood type and blood pressure amongst seemingly healthy university students of IIKBW, Kediri to understand their correlations to the body mass index (BMI). The blood typing (ABO typing, Eryclone®) and blood pressure (automated digital sphygmomanometer) of 74 male and 76 female were measured in duplicate accordingly. The BMI was analysed from the student’s body weight and height using a digital balance and a microtoise staturemeter, respectively. Data were analysed using SPSS 17 with p<0.05 level of significance. There were 18.7% students have A blood type, 31.3% students were B type, 44% were O and 6.0% with AB blood type. There were 30.7% students with obesity, 18% overweight, 36% normal weight and 15.3% underweight. There were 4.7% had a hypertension, 28.7% pre-hypertension, and 66.7% were normal. No significant correlations found between BMI or the blood pressure to any specific ABO blood type, except between the blood pressure and the AB blood type (r=-0.179, p=0.03). However, there was a significant correlation between BMI and blood pressure (r=0.327, p=0.000). We observed no significant associations between any specific ABO blood type with the BMI and blood pressure. However, high blood pressures amongst students with obesity were found. Males were more common to suffer from obesity and high blood pressure than females.

scholarly journals Correlation of Vitamin D and Body Mass Index in Term Normotensive and Pre -Eclamptic Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Taru Gupta ◽  
Nupur Gupta ◽  
Leena Wadhwa ◽  
Sarika Arora ◽  
Jyoti Bagla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

INTRODUCTION: Obesity is associated with alteration in the vitamin D levels and has been related to vitamin D status. Lower vitamin D levels in higher BMI individuals may be secondary to an alteration in tissue distribution resulting from an increase in adipose mass. Therefore women with higher BMI need higher vitamin D supplementation as compared to women with BMI within normal range.  MATERIAL AND METHOD: This was a case control study carried out in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ESIC-PGIMSR, New Delhi from August 2012-April 2014. A total of 100 patients were divided into two equal groups (control and study groups of 50 each). Control group had women with singleton uncomplicated term normotensive pregnant women in labour while the study group comprised of term preeclamptic women in labour.In all the patients their BMI was analysed .Blood samples for vitamin D, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, serum parathormone, serum alkaline phosphatase levels were drawn and subsequently their levels were evaluated in cord blood; correlation studied between vitamin D & BMI. RESULTS: The mean BMI was relatively higher in the study group (26.34 ± 4.12)kg/m2 than in the control group ( 24.24 ± 3.13)kg/m2. Thus in our study a prevalence of higher BMI was seen in patients of preeclampsia. When all the 100 women are being considered, median vitamin D levels were found to be higher (6.6ng/ml) in normal BMI patients (n=55) as compared to levels (5.6ng/ml) in patients with higher BMI(n=45).  CONCLUSION: Vitamin D levels are related to maternal body mass index. Individuals with higher percentage body fat may require higher vitamin D intake to attain optimal 25(OH) D levels, compared with lean individuals and thereby may prevent pregnancy complications like Pre eclampsia.

Hypotensive Effect of Hydroalcoholic Ziziphus jujuba Extract on Normotensive Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 712-717
Author(s):  
Reza Mohebbati ◽  
Maryam Rahimi ◽  
Kosar Bavarsad ◽  
Farimah Beheshti ◽  
Abolfazl KhajaviRad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Cardiovascular Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
And Control

Objective: Ziziphus jujuba (Z.J) is a medicinal plant with several properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, hypnotic and wound healing activity. It also has lowering blood pressure effect and people use it to treat hypertension. In the present study, the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Z.J on cardiovascular parameters in the normotensive rats was investigated. Methods: Animal groups include: 1) Sham, only cannulation of artery 2) saline, received saline for four weeks 3-5) Z.J groups (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) that treated with Z.J via gavage for four weeks. In the experiment day (28th Day) femoral artery of all rats cannulated and Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Mean Atrial Pressure (MAP) and Heart Rate (HR) recorded by a power lab system. The weight of animal in all groups also was recorded in the beginning and the last day of experiment. Results: There was no significant difference in HR, SBP and MAP parameters between sham and control groups. The SBP and MAP in higher doses of Z.J (200 and 400 mg) significantly decreased compared to control group. The HR only in dose 200 mg of Z.J significantly decreased than the control group. Conclusion: The results of present study show that hydroalcoholic extract of Z.J has an inhibitory effect on basal cardiovascular parameters and its best effects have been shown in dose 200 mg/kg.

The causes of development of pulmonary hypertension under obesity

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Veronika S. Pshennova ◽  
O. V Aleksandrov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Blood Pressure ◽  
Males And Females

The article presents the results of study demonstrating that though evident symptoms of pulmonary hypertension were absent (maximal systolic tension was within standards both in males and females of main group) reliable increasing of blood pressure in pulmonary artery in comparison with control group under increasing of body mass index, waist volume and index waist/hips. At that, in males of main group under obesity degree I and II average blood pressure exceeded limits of standards.

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