scholarly journals Histopathological Changes in Gastrointestinal Tissues of Wistar Rats Administered with Methanolic Leaf Extract of Caladium bicolor (Araceae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Dayo Rotimi Omotoso ◽  
Adeniran Oluwadamilare Akinola ◽  
Ibifuro Brown
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Toxic Potential

To assess the effect of methanolic leaf extract of Caladium bicolor on the histomorphology of gastrointestinal tissues of experimental animals. Twenty four Wistar rats (weighing between 175-190 g) were randomly and equally divided into four groups which include one control group (CG) and three treatment groups (TG I, TG II and TG III). The CG was administered with distilled water [2 ml/kg body weight (b.w.)] while TGs I, II and III were administered with 100 ml/kg, 200 ml/kg and 300 ml/kg (b.w.) of C. bicolor extract respectively. All administrations were done orally and once daily for a period of thirty days. The body weight of all animals was recorded at the beginning and end of study. After the period of study, gastric and small intestinal tissues of experimental animals were harvested, processed, converted to tissue blocks and sectioned. Tissue sections were stained using Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) technique. Thereafter, stained sections microscopically examined for observable histopathological changes within study tissues. The results of this study showed that exposure to C. bicolor extract causes significant (p < 0.05) body weight loss in TGs I-III compared to CG. In addition, prominent histopathological changes were observed in gastrointestinal tissues of experimental animals in TGs I-III including gastric mucosal surface erosion and intestinal villi degeneration compared to normal gastrointestinal histomorphology of CG animals. These histopathological changes may be associated with toxic effect of phytochemicals constituents of the extract. Therefore, its application for therapeutic purposes needs to be thoroughly re-validated or perhaps disallowed where alternative therapeutic agents with minimal toxic potential exist.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF EFFECT OF REUSED EDIBLE OILS ON VITAL ORGANS OF WISTAR RATS

2011 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Shastry C. S. ◽  
Patel Narendrakumar Ambalal ◽  
Joshi Himanshu ◽  
Aswathanarayana B. J.
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Serum Glutamate

Abstract Objective: Cooking oils (edible oils) are vegetable oils which are extensively used for cooking in India. These edible oils are rich in triglycerides, sterol, tocoferol, carotenes and pigments. Upon frying, edible oils gives rise to formation of free radicals and other harmful agents. The degraded products of oils generated while cooking produce unfavorable effects. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of reused edible oils (sunflower oil and palm oil) on vital organs of experimental animals. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats were fed fresh and reused edible oils - sunflower oil and palm oil (15 gm oil/100gm of feed consumed) and control group received normal food and water for a period of 8 weeks. The parameters studied include changes in physicochemical properties of reused oils, change in body weight of animals, plasma lipid profile, biochemical parameters and histopathological examination. Results: The result showed the change in physicochemical characteristics of reused oils. The animals fed with fresh and reused palm oil significant increase the body weight while reused sunflower oil fed group showed decrease significantly. The biochemical parameters, SGPT (serum glutamate–pyruvate transaminase), SGOT (serum glutamate- oxaloacetate transaminase), and ALP (alkaline phoshphatase) were increased in reused oils fed groups. The histopathological study showed the change in size of liver, heart, kidney and testes cells in reused oil groups. Conclusions: From the present study, it can be concluded that reused sunflower oil and palm oil, can be toxic and can cause considerable damage to the vital organs of the experimental animals.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Kadar Glutation (GSH) Hepar Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi Parasetamol Dosis Toksik dengan Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Nur Insani ◽  
H.M.T Kamaluddin ◽  
Swanny Swanny
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bb Rat ◽  
Toxic Dose ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Glutathione (GSH) transferase deficiency due to paracetamol exposure causes further oxidative stress to liver necrosis. To reduce oxidative stress that can cause damage to the liver of the body requires antioxidants. One plant to treat liver disease is the kelor leaf (because it has an active flavonoid material also has antioxidant activity). This study was conducted to determine the difference of glutathione hepar levels of male white rat induced paracetamol toxic dose by giving kelor leaf extract. The type of research is experimental laboratory in vivo with rancagan randomized post test only control group design. With the stages as follows 1.Leaf Extract Kelor with Ethanol 96%, 2.Perpeteration of experimental animals, 3.Treatment of experimental animals by giving extract of 3-dose of kelor leaf that is KP I 250 mg / 200 gr BB rat, KP II 500 mg / 200 gr BB rat, KP III 1000 mg / 200 gr BB rat  for 14 days combined with paracetamol dose 2 gr / 200 gr BB rat compared with the negative control group (group given only paracetamol dose 2 gr / 200 gr BB rat) and control group positif only fed regular feed for 14 days). The result showed that there was a significant difference mean of GSH levels between all treatment groups obtained p = 0,000 (p <α) p values smaller than 0.05. There was the highest increase of GSH in treatment group II (142,7525 μmol / mg) and lowest dose of GSH in positive control group (57,1812 μmol / mg), dose paracetamol toxic dosage and kelor leaf extract 500 mg / gr BB rat can increase GSH hepar p = 0,000 (p <α) p less than 0 , 05. The conclusion of the test results showed that giving of kelor leaf extract at dose of treatment group II can increase GSH hepar level significantly

scholarly journals Effects of ligature-induced periodontitis in pregnant Wistar rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane Ponzio de Azevedo Galvão ◽  
Cassiano Kuchenbecker Rösing ◽  
Maria Beatriz Cardoso Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Male Adult

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ligature-induced periodontal disease in pregnant rats on their newborn's health parameters. Twenty-four female adult Wistar rats were divided into two groups: the control group (G1) and the group that was submitted to dental ligatures around second upper molars (G2). After the four week period of development of periodontitis, the female animals were mated with male adult Wistar rats. There were no differences in the body weight of females between the two groups during mating and pregnancy. No differences were observed among the groups in relation to the viable newborn index. However, there were differences in newborn birth weight, explained by the diverse size of the litters. In this study, ligature-induced periodontal disease did not promote changes during pregnancy that resulted in low birth weight in newborn Wistar rats.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI HATI TIKUS WISTAR YANG DIBERIKAN JUS TOMAT (Solanum Lycopersicum) PASCA KERUSAKAN HATI WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI KARBON TETRAKLORIDA (CCl4)

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Sari Tappi ◽  
Poppy Lintong ◽  
Lily Loho
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract: Liver is the largest organ in the abdominal cavity. As the center of metabolism in the body, liver is potentially damaged by exposure of toxic substances, inter alia carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Metabolism of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) produces CCl3 free radicals that can damage the liver. In Indonesia, there are a lot of natural ingredients that have antioxidant properties, such as tomato. Lycopene in tomatoes contains antioxidant compounds that can prevent damages due to free radical. This study aimed to obtain liver histopathological changes of wistar rats fed with tomato juice after being induced of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). This was an experimental study, using 10 wistar rats which were divided into 4 groups. Group I was the negative control; group II was induced with CCl4 0,05 cc/day and was terminated on day 6; group III was induced with CCl4 0,05 cc/day and was given tomato juice 3 ml/day, and terminated on day 13; group IV was induced by CCl4 0,05 cc/day, given regular pellets, and terminated on day 13. The results showed that group II had histopathological changes of the liver indicating fatty liver, meanwhile group III showed regeneration of nearly all liver cells. Conclusion: Administration of tomato juice after the induction of 3 ml carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) for 7 day showed regeneration of almost all liver cells. Keywords: histopathological changes of the liver, carbon tetrachloride, tomato juice.   Abstrak: Hati merupakan organ terbesar dalam rongga abdomen, dan pusat metabolisme tubuh dengan fungsi yang sangat kompleks dan sangat berpotensi mengalami kerusakan akibat terpapar oleh bahan-bahan toksik, salah satunya yaitu karbon tertraklorida (CCL4). Metabolisme CCl4 menghasilkan radikal bebas CCl3 yang dapat merusak hati. Di Indonesia terdapat  banyak sekali bahan-bahan alami yang mempunyai kandungan antioksidan, salah satunya yaitu tomat. Tomat mengandung senyawa likopen sebagai antioksidan yang dapat mencegah kerusakan jaringan akibat radikal bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran histopatologi hati tikus wistar yang diberi jus tomat pasca induksi karbon tetraklorida (CCl4). Metode penelitian ialah eksperimental. Sampel sebanyak 10 ekor tikus wistar yang dibagi dalam 4 kelompok. Kelompok I sebagai kontrol negatif; kelompok II diinduksi CCl4 0,05cc/perhari dan diterminasi hari ke-6; kelompok III diinduksi CCl4 0,05 cc/hari kemudian diberikan jus tomat 3ml/hari;  dan kelompok IV diinduksi CCl4 0,05 cc/hari kemudian diberikan pelet biasa dan diterminasi hari ke-13. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada pemberian CCl4 pada tikus wistar selama 5 hari terdapat gambaran morfologik perlemakan sel hati. Pemberian jus tomat dosis 3 ml pasca induksi karbon tetraklorida (CCl4) menunjukkan terjadinya regenerasi pada hampir seluruh sel-sel hati. Simpulan: Pemberian jus tomat dosis 3 ml pasca induksi karbon tetraklorida (CCl4) selama 7 hari menunjukkan regenerasi pada hampir seluruh sel-sel hati. Kata kunci: gambaran histopatologi hati, karbon tetraklorida, jus tomat.

scholarly journals Effects of Semi-Starvation on the Total Body Composition and Absorptive Function of the Small Intestine of the Young Adult Female Rat

1976 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
VJ Williams ◽  
W Senior ◽  
JilI Sippel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Variable Weight

Sixteen female rats aged about 80 days and with a mean body weight of 175 g were fed 40 % of their ad libitum intake of a laboratory chow. They were killed and analysed for water, protein, lipid and ash after 9, 21� 5, 30� 2 and 38�8 % of body weight had been lost. Compared to a control group of four animals, the 38�8 % group lost 13 g or 34 % of their protein. The animals in the 21 . 5, 30� 2 and 38 . 8 % groups lost 7� 5 g or 87 % of their lipid leaving only 1 �1 g of lipid. The percentage protein in the body was little affected by body weight loss but lipid decreased from 5 to 1 %. In another experiment with 26 rats of 205 g mean body weight and aged about 115 days, absorption rates by the small intestine were measured in vivo after variable weight losses between 0 and 39 %. o( + )-Glucose uptake was increased by about 70 % in those animals which had lost only 5 % of body weight and this increased uptake was retained in those rats which had lost up to 39 % of body weight. The absorption of L-leucine was not affected by the decline in body weight compared to the controls but relative to body weight, the ability of the intestine to absorb increased. In the same animals, the wet and dry weights of the small intestine declined slightly faster than body weight and the length of the small intestine tended to decrease slightly with increasing loss of body weight.

scholarly journals Effects of standard diets from different sources on growth and some organ parameters of rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 2055
Author(s):  
B. GENC ◽  
M. SALMAN ◽  
Ş. TÜTÜNCÜ ◽  
M. ERMIŞ ◽  
H. MURUZ
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Open Formula ◽  
Different Sources

This study aims to determine the effects of open and closed formulated standard diets supplied from different sources on growth performance and internal organ development of laboratory rats. Five-week-old 32 Wistar rats were used. A special control group diet was produced in accordance with the criteria determined by the National Research Council (NRC) (1995). Three different most preferred commercial open and closed-formula diets produced by international and local companies were used as trial groups’ diets. The experiment was carried out for 12 weeks. Weekly feed consumption, body weight change, internal organ weight, intestinal organ weigths and lengths, intestinal villi heigth and crypt depth were measured in groups. The body weight values of the control group and the first group fed with open-formula diet were found at the highest level (P <0.05). The control group diet had a positive effect on small intestine villi heigth and crypt depth (P <0.05). The nutrient contents and energy values of the diets of experimental groups were determined as different from the commercial firm notifications. As a result of the research, it is concluded that the diets prepared with open-formula give more reliable results in the growth performance and development of internal organs of Wistar rats.

scholarly journals 5-aminoisoquinoline improves renal function and fibrosis during recovery phase of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Quesada ◽  
Francisco O’Valle ◽  
Sebastián Montoro-Molina ◽  
Mercedes Gómez-Morales ◽  
Mercedes Caba-Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group

The aim of the present study is to analyze the effects of 5-aminoisoquinoline (5-AIQ), a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) inhibitor, over renal dysfunction and fibrosis during recovery phase of cisplatin (CisPt)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats. Male Wistar rats were distributed in three groups (n=8 each group): control, CisPt, and CisPt + 5-AIQ. Control and CisPt groups received a subcutaneous injection of either saline or 7 mg/kg CisPt, respectively. CisPt + 5-AIQ group received two intraperitoneal injections of 10 mg/kg 5-AIQ 2 h before and 24 h after CisPt treatment. Thirteen days after the treatment, rats were housed in metabolic cages and 24-h urine collection was made. At day 14, CisPt-treated rats showed increased diuresis, N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion, glucosuria and sodium fractional excretion (NaFE), and decreased creatinine clearance (CrCl). 5-AIQ significantly increased CrCl and decreased NAG excretion, glucosuria, and NaFE. In plasma, CisPt increased sodium, urea, and creatinine concentrations, while 5-AIQ treatment decreased these variables to the levels of control group. 5-AIQ completely prevented the body weight loss evoked by CisPt treatment. CisPt also induced an increased renal expression of PAR polymer, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and collagen-IV. These variables were decreased in CisPt + 5-AIQ group. Tubular lesions and renal fibrosis were also decreased by 5-AIQ treatment. We conclude that inhibition of PARP1 with 5-AIQ can attenuate long-term nephrotoxic effects associated with the CisPt treatment, preventing renal dysfunction and body weight decrease and ameliorating tubular lesions and collagen deposition.

scholarly journals Effect of soluble fiber or fructooligosaccharide supplementation upon trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid induced colitis in rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sthela Maria Murad-Regadas ◽  
Marcellus Henrique Loiola Ponte de Souza ◽  
Gerly Anne de Castro Brito ◽  
Lusmar Veras Rodrigues ◽  
Francisco Sérgio Pinheiro Regadas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sulphonic Acid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soluble Fiber ◽  
Trinitrobenzene Sulphonic Acid

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of soluble fiber or fructooligosaccharide (FOS) supplementation upon trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. METHODS: 64 Wistar rats were given water, soluble fiber or FOS intragastrically during 14 days prior to colitis induction with TNBS (n=48) or rectal enema with water (n=16; control group). On the 7th or 14th day following colitis induction the rats were weighed and euthanized in order to determine the colon weight/length ratio and macroscopic and microscopic scores. RESULTS: On the 7th day following colitis induction the body weight had decreased significantly, the colon weight/length ratio had increased and macroscopic and microscopic colon lesions were observed. On the 14th day following colitis induction no difference in body weight was observed, in spite of the persistence of macroscopic and microscopic lesions and increased colon weight/length ratio. Supplementation with soluble fiber or FOS did not revert colon lesions or any of the study parameters. Supplementation with FOS, but not with fiber, was associated with increased colon weight/length ratio on the 14th day. CONCLUSION: Supplementation with soluble fiber or FOS produced no significant impact on TNBS-induced colitis in rats.

scholarly journals Nephroprotective Effect of Cissampelos owariensis Extract on Renal Histomorphology of Wistar Rats during Exposure to Carbon Tetrachloride- induced Nephropathy

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Dayo Rotimi Omotoso ◽  
Olayinka Simbiat Lawal ◽  
Oluwasegun Davies Olatomide ◽  
Itohan Grace Okojie
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Histopathological Changes

To assess nephroprotective potency of methanolic extract of C. owariensis on renal histomorphology of Wistar rats during exposure to nephropathic activity of CCl4. Twenty eight (28) albino Wistar rats divided into four groups which include normal control group administered with vehicles -distilled water (1 ml/kg b.w.) and olive oil (3 ml/kg b.w.), experimental control group administered with CCl4 (3 ml/kg b.w.) twice a week, first treatment group administered with CCl4 (3 ml/kg b.w.) twice a week + methanolic extract of C. owariensis (100 mg/kg b.w.) daily and second treatment group administered with CCl4 (3 ml/kg b.w.) twice a week + methanolic extract of C. owariensis (300 mg/kg b.w.) daily for twenty eight (28) days. Phytochemical analysis of methanolic extract of C. owariensis was carried out using GC-MS. The body weight of study animals was measure at days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 of study. Then, kidney tissue of study animals was collected, weighed and processed for histopathological study. Tissue sections were stained using H & E, examined under microscope, photomicrographs were generated and observable histopathological changes were quantified using image-J software. Phytochemical analysis of methanolic extract of C. owariensis showed abundance of phenolic compounds which may in turn confer antioxidant property on the extract. Results of this study also showed that treatment with extract helped to reduce body and tissue weight loss that follows exposure to CCl4. Also, treatment with the extract helped to reduce significantly (p < 0.05) renal histopathological changes following exposure to CCl4. The methanolic extract of C. owariensis contains abundant phenolic compounds which confer antioxidant property that in turn mediate the nephroprotective potency of the extract against nephropathic effect of CCl4.

scholarly journals Utilization of Snakehead Fish Meat for Increasing Kidney Function in Rat Experiencing Physiological Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-558
Author(s):  
Sunarno Sunarno ◽  
Hajar Sokmawati ◽  
Rully Rahadian
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Kidney Weight ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Physiological stress for a long time can lead to impaired kidney organ function. Snakehead fish meat are known to contain important nutrients such as albumin, glutamine, glycine, cysteine, and various minerals that can improve kidney function. This study was conducted to examine and analyze the effect of snakehead fish supplementation in feed towards body weight, kidney weight, diameter and number of glomerulus in Wistar rats with physiological stress. This study used 20 male Wistar rats divided into 5 groups consisted of 1 control group (P0) and 4 treatment groups (P1: 5%, P2: 10%, P3: 15%, P4: 20%). The treatments were performed with 4 times repetition. This study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The variables measured were body weight, kidney weight, diameter and number of renal glomerulus. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 5% significance level and continued with Duncan test with 5% significance level. The results of this study were: the supplementation of snakehead fish with 20% of concentration can increase the body weight; concentration 10; 15; and 20% can increase the weight of the kidney; concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% can increase the glomerular diameter in Wistar rats with physiological stress. The supplementation of snakehead fish with concentration of 5% to 20% did not affect the number of glomerulus of Wistar rats with physiological stress. Results of this study is useful as information for people who study the mechanism of kidney repair due to physiological stress.

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