scholarly journals Effect of Boiling on Chemicals, Phytochemicals and Nutritional Composition of Solanum nigrum L. Leaves Harvested in Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dogni Kouassi Dappah ◽  
Denis Yao N’Dri ◽  
Nestor Kouakou Kouassic ◽  
Georges N’Guessan Amani
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Nutritional Requirement ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Nutritional Guidelines ◽  
Solanum Nigrum L

Aims: In tropical Africa, leafy vegetables are traditionally cooked and eaten as a relish together with a starchy staple food. The current study aimed to evaluate the influence of boiling on bioactive, proximate and antinutrients compounds in Solanum nigrum leaves. Methodology: The leaves were subjected to boiling in pressure cooker for 10, 15 and 20 min and proximate composition, minerals, nutritive and anti-nutritional components were determined according to standard methods for nutritional guidelines. Results: The result of the study revealed that longer time of boiling (higher than 10 min) caused negative impact by reducing nutritive value but positive impact by reducing anti-nutrients. The registered losses (p < .05) at 10 min were as follows: ash (12.37%), proteins (33.69%), vitamin C (11.23 mg/ 100 g), polyphenols (125.41 mg/ 100 g) Tannins (81.96 mg/ 100 g) and Flavonoids (14.03 mg/100 g). The average increase of fibers content was (39.41%). Furthermore, after 10 min of boiling time the residual contents (p<0.05) of minerals was: Calcium (1079±29.04 to 386±78 mg/ 100 g), Phosphorus (405..24±10-508.88±2.58 mg/ 100 g), Iron (33.48±0.93–44.50±1.23 mg / 100 g) and Magnesium (572.78±19.76–662.99±27.23 mg/ 100 g).The antinutrient composition for oxalic acid were ranged 72.61±6.29 to 223.67±6.35 mg/100 g. The different ratios sodium / potassium (<1) and oxalates/calcium (<2.5) were under the respective critical value for all boiling. Conclusion: These results suggest that the recommended time of domestic cooking must be less than 10 min for the studied leafy vegetables in order to contribute efficiently to the nutritional requirement and to the food security of Ivorian population.

scholarly journals An exploratory study of pre-extrusion flavouring: investigation with vitamins, amino acids, essential oils, natural aromas and seasonings

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e49956
Author(s):  
Leonardo Heleno Milk ◽  
Talita Maira Goss Milani ◽  
Ana Carolina Conti-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Corn Snacks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lipid Vehicle

Expanded corn snacks are obtained through thermoplastic extrusion and then a lipid vehicle (oil or hydrogenated vegetable fat) is sprinkled on the product, giving the desired flavour. However, this second step called post-extrusion flavouring increases the lipid content and the caloric value of the snack, reasons why these products are highly criticized. Thus, the study of pre-extrusion flavourings is an interesting way of finding corn snacks with better nutritive value. Therefore, we aimed to explore pre-extrusion flavouring using different substances, investigating the odour and flavour on the extrudates and the impact of such substances on their expansion ratio, density, and colour. To do this, vitamins, amino acids, essential oils, natural aromas and seasonings were added to corn grits and extruded. The addition of different substances, especially the essential oils, natural aromas and seasonings, produced odour and flavour in the extrudates, as well as having little negative impact on their physical properties of the extrudates, no impact or even a small positive impact. Therefore, this study provides a range of possibilities to be explored, using pre-extrusion flavouring as a way of reducing the use of lipids and improving the nutritive value of expanded snacks.

scholarly journals Dietary Fibre and Micronutrient Potential of Underutilized Green Leafy Vegetable Sprinkles on Selected Foods

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1391-1396
Author(s):  
B.A. Babayemi ◽  
O.T. Adepoju
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Solanum Nigrum L ◽  
Total Dietary Fibre ◽  
Starchy Foods ◽  
Dietary Modifications

Considering the rural poor in developing countries like Nigeria, diets that are deficient in dietary fibre and micronutrients are common. Food  diversification or dietary modifications such as increased consumption of vegetables may solve the problem. This study assessed the dietary fibre and micronutrient levels of selected starchy foods (jollof rice and yam porridge) using three underutilized green leafy vegetables, namely, Ebolo (Crassocephalum crepidiodes), Odu (Solanum nigrum L), and Yanrin (Launaea teracifolia L) as sprinkles. Fresh samples of Crassocephalum crepidioides, Solanum nigrum L, and Launaea teracifolia were purchased from Ota market. The leafy parts of the vegetables were washed, cut, oven-dried at 90°C for 6 h and pulverized. Jollof rice and porridge were cooked and 2g each of dried ebolo, odu and yanrin were sprinkled on 100g of each food and stirred thoroughly. Total dietary fibre, as well as iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) content of the resultant diets, were determined using standard methods. The highest total dietary fibre of 8.45% was obtained in jollof rice sprinkled with Yanrin. Zn (31.75mg/kg) was highest in jollof rice sprinkled with Yanrin, and Fe (87.75mg/kg) in porridge sprinkled with Ebolo. The underutilized vegetables added more nutritional values to jollof rice and yam porridge as Ebolo, Yanrin and Odu were sprinkled on them. Keywords: Underutilized vegetables, dietary fibre, micronutrient, zinc, iron

scholarly journals Proximate Composition and Nutritive Value of Some Leafy Vegetables from Faisalabad, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8444
Author(s):  
Mobeen ◽  
Xiukang Wang ◽  
Muhammad Hamzah Saleem ◽  
Abida Parveen ◽  
Sahar Mumtaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Health It ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Requirements

The supply of nutrients and proximate matter is insufficient to fulfil the dietary needs of the quickly expanding human population. Green leafy vegetables can prove economical sources of minerals, vitamins and fibers to overcome nutritional deficiencies. Five leafy vegetables (Brassica juncea, Spinacia oleracea, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Chenopodium album and Lactuca sativa) were collected from a horticulture garden and vegetable market for the evaluation of their proximate matter and nutritional composition. Their contents of proximate (moisture, ash, fats, fibers, carbohydrates and protein), minerals (Ca2+, K+ and P+) and anti-nutrients were examined using standard protocols. The contents of fats (0.43 mg g−1f.w.) in S. oleracea; fibers (0.8 mg g−1f.w.) in S. olerace; carbohydrates (0.89 mg g−1f.w.); in B. juncea, proteins (0.91 mg g−1f.w.) in L. sativa; and vitamin A (1.18 mg g−1f.w.) in C. album from the horticulture garden were high enough to meet the daily dietary requirements of adults. Tannins were higher in species collected from the market, which is toxic for human health. It is concluded that vegetables of horticulture garden grown in suitable environmental conditions possess better nutritional composition as compared to vegetables purchased from markets. However, a large-scale research is needed for the analysis of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, anti-nutrients and heavy metals in leafy vegetables. Further research on ethnomedicinal attributes of leafy vegetables is recommended.

Development of value added products from the leaf powders of dehydrated less utilized green leafy vegetables

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-309
Author(s):  
Pallavi Joshi ◽  
Beena Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Appreciable Amount ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Value Added Products

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the nutritional composition and the acceptability of value-added products prepared from the dehydrated leaf mixture of underutilized green leafy vegetables (GLVs). GLVs are dense in micronutrients and are of great importance to the nutrition of population in developing countries. Nutritive value of commonly consumed GLVs has been studied extensively, but there is limited information available on nutritive value and acceptability of unconventional leafy vegetables. Design/methodology/approach – The nutritional potential and acceptability of leaf mixtures (LMs) prepared from the less-utilized leaves of beet root (Beta vulgaris), carrot (Daucus carota), cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) and turnip (Brassica rapa) which are usually discarded or are used as animal fodder were analyzed in the present study. The LM was prepared by mixing the powders of above-mentioned greens in a definite ratio (1:2:1:1). The LM was analyzed for the proximate, mineral composition (Ca, P, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and Mg) and antinutritional factors (oxalate and phenols). In total, 20 different recipes with different levels (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 per cent) of LM incorporation were prepared and were assessed for quality on the basis of sensory attributes. Findings – The LM contains appreciable amount of proteins, fat, fiber, carbohydrate and calorific value, mineral elements and generally low levels of antinutrients. Products were well-accepted to the level of 10 per cent. Protein, iron and calcium content was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the LM-incorporated recipes, and the increase was directly proportional to the level of LM incorporated. Originality/value – Dehydrated GLVs are concentrate source of micronutrients and can be used in product formulation. Value addition of traditional products with dehydrated GLVs can be advocated as a feasible food-based approach to combat micronutrient deficiencies.

scholarly journals Green leafy vegetables from two Solanum spp. (Solanum nigrum L and Solanum macrocarpon L) ameliorate scopolamine-induced cognitive and neurochemical impairments in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Opeyemi B. Ogunsuyi ◽  
Adedayo O. Ademiluyi ◽  
Ganiyu Oboh ◽  
Sunday I. Oyeleye ◽  
Abayomi F. Dada
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Solanum Nigrum L ◽  
Solanum Spp

Mechanical Factors of Infl uence on Biological Effi ciency of Solanum Nigrum L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
O. Ivashchenko ◽  
O. Ivashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Black Nightshade ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Weed Plants ◽  
Sensitivity Level ◽  
Solanum Nigrum L ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Working Out

Aim. Studying of black nightshade young plants’ response to the induced mechanical stresses. Methods. Researches conducted in small plot fi eld experiments. Results. Change of sensitivity level of Solanum nigrum L. plants depending on phases of their development at the moment of damage of elevated parts has been proven. Owing to loss of the surface capable to photosynthesis, there is an essential decrease in volumes of photosynthesis at plants of weed survived and their possibilities of ontogeny passage. The deep induced dis- stresses reduce biological effi ciency of plants, their ability to accumulate weight and to form seeds and even lead them to death. Conclusions. The defi ned principles of response of weed plants to the induced mechanical dis-stresses are can be used for working out and ecological receptions of crops protection from weeds.

TURN-OVER GURU PADA MADRASAH ALIYAH NAHDLATUL ULAMA

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mochamad Iskarim
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
New Teacher ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama ◽  
Turn Over ◽  
Interview Questionnaire ◽  
Collection Methods

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui dampak positif dan negatif dari adanya pergantian (turn-over) guru di Madrasah Aliyah Nahdlatul Ulama Banyuputih kabupaten Batang. Penelitian inimenggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif analitis dengan metode pengumpulan data berupa wawancara mendalam, angket, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya turn-over yang tinggi pada guru atau pendidik di madrasah tersebut; keuntungan yang bersifat positif justru didapatkan ketika adanya turn-over guru dibandingkan dampak negatifnya; dan kehadiran guru baru menjadi hal yang sangat disukai oleh siswa dalam hal kreativitas, inovasi pembelajaran, motivasi, dan lain sebagainya.The aims of this research were to know the positive and negative impact of teacher turn over at Madrasah Aliyah Nahdlatul Ulama Banyuputih Kabupaten Batang. This research was use analytical descriptive qualitative approach with depth interview, questionnaire and documentation as data collection methods. The results of this research shows that the positive impact occur more than the negative impact when there was teacher turn over; and the presence of a new teacher become student’s favourite on creativity, learning innovation, and motivation aspects.

Accidental Sustainability

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Jones
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
The United States ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Whole Foods

This chapter examines the scaling and diffusion of green entrepreneurship between 1980 and the present. It explores how entrepreneurs and business leaders promoted the idea that business and sustainability were compatible. It then examines the rapid growth of organic foods, natural beauty, ecological architecture, and eco-tourism. Green firms sometimes grew to a large scale, such as the retailer Whole Foods Market in the United States. The chapter explores how greater mainstreaming of these businesses resulted in a new set of challenges arising from scaling. Organic food was now transported across large distances causing a negative impact on carbon emissions. More eco-tourism resulted in more air travel and bigger airports. In other industries scaling had a more positive impact. Towns were major polluters, so more ecological buildings had a positive impact.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Conditions and Landowners’ Perception Affect the Intention to Restore Polylepis Forests in the Central Andes of Peru

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Lunel Joseph ◽  
Raúl Marino Yaranga Cano ◽  
Marco Arizapana-Almonacid ◽  
Marcela Venelli Pyles ◽  
Flávia Freire de Siqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Native Flora ◽  
The Family ◽  
Andes Region

Research Highlights: Families more dependent on crops as the main source of income of properties have a greater intention of restoring Polylepis forest areas. However, this intention reduces with the increase of family dependence on subsistence products supplied by Polylepis forests. Properties where the chances of restoration of Polylepis forests are greater are those where the educational and technical level is better. Objectives: We aimed to comprehend which socioeconomic factors of rural properties and families’ perception were determinant for the intention to restore Polylepis forests in the Central Andes region of Peru. Material and Methods: We collected data through visits and the application of questionnaires. We selected 13 rural communities in the Tulumayo River Basin. We randomly sampled 10 to 20 families in each community, depending on its size, totaling 200 families. We used generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) to test which variables affect the intention to restore the forest. Results: When crops are the main source of income in the property, the families have more intention to restore Polylepis areas, on the other hand, when Polylepis forests are an important source of products for the family subsistence, the intention to restore forests reduces, indicating that higher technological status has a positive impact on restoration. The perception that Polylepis forests are important for the existence of water sources had a positive impact on the families’ intention to restore the areas. However, the perception that Polylepis forests are important for native flora persistence had a negative impact on the intention to restore their areas. Conclusions: Our results showed that investment in improving the productivity of the properties and in the education of their landowners should increase the success of eventual programs for restoration of Polylepis forests.

043 Sleep Restriction Affects Memory in Healthy Adults: Preliminary Findings

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A18-A19
Author(s):  
Molly Zimmerman ◽  
Christiane Hale ◽  
Adam Brickman ◽  
Lok-Kin Yeung ◽  
Justin Cochran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Neuropsychological Function ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Sleep Condition ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Sleep loss has a range of detrimental effects on cognitive ability. However, few studies have examined the impact of sleep restriction on neuropsychological function using an experimental design. The goal of this study was to examine the extent to which maintained insufficient sleep affects cognition in healthy adults compared to habitual adequate sleep. Methods This study used a randomized, crossover, outpatient sleep restriction design. Adults who regularly slept at least 7 h/night, verified by 2 weeks of screening with actigraphy, completed 2 phases of 6 weeks each: habitual sleep (&gt;7 h of sleep/night) or sleep restriction (habitual sleep minus 1.5 h) separated by a 6-week washout period. During the sleep restriction phase, participants were asked to delay their bedtime by 1.5 hours/night while maintaining their habitual wake time. Neuropsychological function was evaluated with the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery at baseline (week 0) and endpoint (week 6) of each intervention phase. The NIH Toolbox evaluates a range of cognitive abilities, including attention, executive functioning, and working memory. General linear models with post hoc paired t-tests were used to assess demographically-adjusted test scores prior to and following each sleep condition. Results At the time of analyses, 16 participants were enrolled (age 34.5□14.5 years, 9 women), 10 of whom had completed study procedures. An interaction between sleep condition and testing session revealed that individuals performed worse on List Sorting, a working memory test, after sleep restriction but improved slightly after habitual sleep (p&lt;0.001). While not statistically reliable, the pattern of test results was similar on the other tests of processing speed, executive function, and attention. Conclusion In these preliminary results from this randomized experimental study, we demonstrated that sleep restriction has a negative impact while stable habitual adequate sleep has a positive impact on working memory, or the ability to temporarily hold information in mind while executing task demands. This finding contributes to our understanding of the complex interplay between different aspects of sleep quality (i.e., both sleep restriction as well as the maintenance of stable sleep patterns) on cognition and underscores the importance of routine sleep screening as part of medical evaluations. Support (if any):

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