scholarly journals Evaluation of Mungbean Genotypes for Phenophases and Morpho-physiological Traits during Heat and Water Stress Conditions for Optimizing Productivity

2021 ◽  
pp. 152-164
Author(s):  
Zuby Gohar Ansari ◽  
A. S. Gontia ◽  
Pragya Singh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Average Maximum

An experiment was carried out to study the effect of phenophases, morpho-physiological parameters and yield attributing traits on mungbean under different dates of sowing during summer seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 at the Research area, Department of Plant Physiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur (Madhya Pradesh). The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized block design replicated thrice. Treatments consisted of three sowing environments viz., Feb 12th, Feb 27th and Mar 14th and five mungbean varieties viz., PDM 139, Pusa Ratna, Pusa Vishal, Pusa 1431 and TJM 3. PDM139 (V1) had an earliest attainment of all the phenophases and registered the lowest time for reproductive period (32.00 days) as well as span of seed filling period (18.66 days) and also recorded average highest LAI (0.723), LAD (7717.48 cm2. days), CGR (0.00125 g cm2 day-1), RGR (0.03614 g g-1 day-1), SLA (391.94 cm2 g-1) and carbon sequestration (58.93 g plant-1). PDM139 (V1) outyielded (5.78 g plant-1 and 787.74 Kg ha-1) others owing higher magnitudes of physiological parameters and mechanisms reflected in maximum yield components and subsequently yield. On the other hand D2 (27th Feb.) took comparatively more time to achieve all the phenophase as compared to the former as well as average highest magnitudes of these parameters. Among sowing dates sowing carried out on 14th Mar (D3) acquired the minimum time to attain all the phenophases. Among interactions, V1D2 (PDM139 sown on 27th Feb.) took comparatively more time to attain flower initiation (26.33 days) besides a short duration of reproductive span (31.00 days) and a comparatively low magnitudes of seed filling period (18.00 days) and as well as recorded average maximum magnitudes of LAI (Leaf Area Index), LAD (Leaf Area Duration, CGR (Crop Growth Rate), RGR (Relative Growth Rate), SLA (Specific Leaf Area), SLW (Specfic Leaf Weight) and carbon sequestration. Therefore, based on above results selection of genotypes could bring out desired improvement in yield and its attributing characters of mungbean cultivars.

scholarly journals Growth and yield of wheat at different dates of sowing under chrland ecosystem of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Kamrozzaman ◽  
MAH Khan ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
N Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Crop Growth Rate

An experiment was conducted at Sadipur charland under Farming System Research and Development Site, Hatgobindapur, Faridpur, during rabi season of 2012-13 and 2013-14 to study the growth and yield performance of cv. BARI Gom-24 as affected by different dates of sowing under Agro-ecological Zone-12 (AEZ-12) of Bangladesh. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six replications, comprising five different dates of sowing viz. November 5, November 15, November 25, December 5 and December 15. Results reveal that the tallest plant, leaf area index, total dry matter, and crop growth rate were observed in November 25 sown crop and leaf area index, total dry matter and crop growth rate were higher at booting, grain filling, and tillering stages of the crop. Maximum effective tillers hill-1 (3.49), spikes m-2, (311), number of grains spike-1 (42.20) and 1000-grain weight (52.10 g) were produced by November 25 sown crop exhibited the highest grain (4.30 t ha-1) and straw yield (4.94 t ha-1) as well as harvest index (46.88%) of the crop. Lowest performance was observed both in early (November 5) and late sown crop (December 15). The overall results indicated that November 25 sown crop showed better performance in respect of growth and yield of wheat under charland ecosystem of Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(2): 147-154, December 2016

scholarly journals DIFFERENT SHADING NETS IN ESCAROLE GROWTH

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-595
Author(s):  
Daniela Meira ◽  
Daniele Cristina Fontana ◽  
Carla Janaina Werner ◽  
Thais Pollon Zanatta ◽  
Patricia Brezolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Leaf Area Ratio ◽  
Biological Productivity ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Absolute Growth Rate ◽  
Absolute Growth

The aim of work was to verify the effect of different shading levels in escarole crop, during summer in the northwest of Rio Grande do Sul. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Santa Maria, Frederico Westphalen RS Campus, in 2015 with Escarola Lisa escarole cultivar. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three shading levels (0%, 30%, 50%), with six replications. Growth evaluation were performed in destructive manner every seven days, from transplant to harvest point. From the information obtained, traits were determined: leaf area, leaf area index, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, leaf weight ratio, biological productivity, absolute growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate. The data obtained were analyzed by the statistical program Genes, the Tukey test at 5% of error probability. The shading level 30% provided greater leaf area, higher biological productivity and absolute growth rate. However, the leaf area ratio was higher when shading level 50% was tested. However, it can be said that the shading levels favor growth of escarole crop.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Planting Material on Physiological Parameters and Cassava Mosaic Incidence in Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
S. Nanthakumar ◽  
K. Krithika ◽  
M. Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Area Index

An investigation was carried out to assess the effect of planting materials on physiological parameters, cassava mosaic incidence and yield of Cassava varieties viz. H-226 and CO.2 at the Department of Vegetable crops, Horticultural College and Research Institute, TNAU, Coimbatore during September 2010 to June 2011. The experiments were laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with four treatments and three replications in two varieties. The results revealed that the tissue culture plants were found be the best in virtue of its high leaf area index, net assimilation rate, dry matter content, tuber yield (26.33 t ha-1) and least incidence of cassava mosaic virus. Among the varieties, CO.2 showed less incidence of CMD. The tissue cultured plants may be recommended to farmers to reduce mosaic disease incidence and get maximum yield in cassava.

scholarly journals PENGARUH WARNA NAUNGAN PLASTIK DAN DOSIS PUPUK ORGANIK KOMPOS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Iskandar Umari ◽  
Wiwit Widarti ◽  
Insan Wijaya ◽  
Hudaini Hasbi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Transparent Plastic ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Treatment Dose

The aim of the research was to study the effect of calors plastic shade and dosage organic fertilizer and the interaction on the growth analyze of Shallots. The experiment was conducted in experiment field of Agriculture Faculty, University Muhammadiyah of Jember.The experiment was arranged in Randomized Block Design consisted of 4 x 3 factorial treatments with three replications. The first factor were 3 levels of Transparent Plastic Shelter, i.e.: clear, blue, and red. The second factor were 4 levels of compost organic fertilizer application, i.e.: 15, 20, 25 and 30 t/ha. The results showed a significant interaction between the color shade of plastic and a dose of organic fertilizer on the parameters of leaf area age 60 days after planting and leaf area index age 60 days after planting, treatment shade of blue with organic fertilizer 30 tons / ha showed the best effect on leaf area and treatment shade of blue with dosages of 25 tons / ha showed the best effect on leaf area index. Use of shade of blue give the best effect on leaf area age 60 hst and shade of red gives the best effect on the growth rate of plants. The treatment dose of organic fertilizer 25 tons / ha gives the best effect on leaf area index age of 60 days after planting, the rate of plant growth, and relative growth rate, and treatment with a dose of fertilizer 30 ton / ha.

scholarly journals Performance of hybrid Boro rice in coastal area of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-193
Author(s):  
R Mahmood ◽  
MHK Howlader ◽  
MZ Haque
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Boro Rice

The present experiment was conducted at the research field of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), Patuakhali to evaluate the Performance of hybrid boro rice (genotypes) in coastal area of Bangladesh. The experiment consisted of five rice varieties as treatment such as Arize Tej, Tea Sakti, Shathi and BRRI Dhan 28. Data were collected on morphological characters such as plant height, number of leaves plant-1 and leaf area hill-1, growth characters such as leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR) and relative growth rate (RGR), yield and yield components such as number of effective tillers hill-1,number of non effective tillers hill-1, panicle length, number of filled grains panicle-1, number of unfilled grains panicle-1, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index (%) were recorded. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications. The collected data were analyzed statistically and means were adjudged by DMRT at 5% level of probability. Among the five varieties the Arize Tej gave the highest performance. From the above investigated results, it was observed that the Arize Tej was the most efficient for better growth and higher yield of  hybrid boro rice genotypes grown in coastal area of Bangladesh. Progressive Agriculture 30 (2): 186-193, 2019

Physiological determinants of storage root yield in three cassava genotypes under different nitrogen supply

2017 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 978-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. PHUNTUPAN ◽  
P. BANTERNG
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Root Dry Weight

SUMMARYPhysiological traits can be used to improve the efficiency of selecting suitable genotypes to grow under nitrogen (N) limitation. The objective of the current study was to investigate the relationship between physiological characteristics and storage root yield of three cassava genotypes under three rates of N fertilizer. The experiments were conducted from 2014 to 2016 at farm fields in Thailand. A split-plot randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Three different rates of N fertilizer, i.e., 46·9, 90·0 and 133·2 kg N/ha and three cassava genotypes, Rayong 9, Rayong 11 and Kasetsart 50, were used. Kasetsart 50 had the highest mean performance for most crop traits. Growth rate of stem (SGR), storage root (SRGR) and crop (CGR) during 180–210 days after planting (DAP) and leaf area index (LAI) at 120 DAP were related to storage root dry weight for all three rates of N fertilizer. Storage root growth during 90–120 DAP, CGR during 180–210 DAP and specific leaf area (SLA) at 210 DAP contributed most to storage root dry weight of the three genotypes grown at 46·9 kg N/ha, while the combination of SRGR during 90–120 DAP, SRGR during 180–210 DAP, LAI at 210 DAP and SLA at 210 DAP was best for N fertilizer at 90·0 kg N/ha and the combination of leaf growth rate (LGR) during 180–210 DAP and LAI at 210 DAP was best for N fertilizer at 133·2 kg N/ha.

scholarly journals Effect of Mineral -Biofertilizer on Physiological Parameters and Yield of Three Varieties of Oat (Avena sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 8-25
Author(s):  
Lamiaa M. Al-Freeh ◽  
Sundus A. Alabdulla ◽  
Kadhim H. Huthily
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Area Index

To study the effect of biofertilizers on physiological parameters and yield  of three varieties of Oat (Avena sativa L.), field experiments were conducted during winter seasons 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 at Al- Zubair district (20 km. West of Basrah province) in sandy loam soils. A split plot arrangement, using RCBD with three replicates, the main plots contained varieties: V1 (Genzania), V2 (Shaffaa),  V3  (Carloup), Biofertilizer, treatments were at the sub plots: B0 (control), B1 (NPK mineral fertilizer as recommended), B2 (biofertilizers NPK), B3 (mineral fertilizer PK+ biofertilizers N), B4 (mineral fertilizer K+ biofertilizers NP), B5 (mineral fertilizer P + biofertilizers NK), B6 (mineral fertilizer N + biofertilizers PK). Data were collected on Flag leaf area FLA, Leaf area duration LAD, Leaf area index LAI, Crop growth rate CGR, Relative growth rate RGR, Net assimilation rate NAR, Plant high Tillers number m2 and grain yield t ha-1. The results showed that the adding of biofertilizers NPK (B2) led to a significant increase in the studied traits (FLA, LAD, LAI, CGR, RGR, NAR, and grain yield). The grain yield were increased about 189.96 and 197.3% as compared with control in each seasons respectively. Cultivar Genzania resulted in highest grain yield among studied varieties in the first season (5.774 t ha-1), while cultivar Shaffa  gave the highest grain yield in the second season (8.691 t ha-1). The interaction between Ganzania and B2 treatment recorded the highest seed yield (8.429 tan ha-1) in the first season. While, in the second season all varieties that interacted with B2 treatment produced the highest seed yield.

scholarly journals Coffee (Coffea arabica L,var. Castillo) seedling growth in Nariño, Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-74
Author(s):  
José Álvaro Castillo ◽  
Danita Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
La Florida ◽  
Net Assimilation

Coffee is one of the most socioeconomically important crops worldwide. Currently, environmental variations due to climate change are affecting coffee development and growth. Therefore, it is important to evaluate areas that offer a different environment during seedling stage since it is fundamental for successful cultivation. Four municipalities located at different altitudes in the Department of Nariño were selected: La Florida (1879 m a.s.l.), Sandoná (1924 m a.s.l.), Consacá (2001 m a.s.l.), and La Unión (1417 m a.s.l.). The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design. Growth variables were measured for five months, including total height-TH, number of leaves-NL, total leaf area-LA, fresh weight-FW, and dry weight-W. The following indices were calculated from the variables recorded: relative growth rate-RGR, leaf area index-LAI, net assimilation rate-NAR, crop growth rate-CGR, leaf area duration-LAD, and leaf area ratio-LAR. The data related to TH, NL, W, and LA recorded during the last evaluation (120 days after being transplanted) showed differences between locations; the maximum values in TH, W and LA were recorded in La Union, while higher averages in NL were obtained in Sandoná. The index values for CGR, LAI, LAR, RGR, and LAD were higher in La Unión, while NAR was higher in La Florida. The results lead to conclude that there are differences in coffee seedling growth depending on the climatic conditions. Accordingly, the highest growth was observed in areas at lower altitudes; therefore, these are recommended for seedling establishment given the higher growth rate, especially that of leaves.

scholarly journals Effect of nodumax inoculant on morpho-physiological parameters, nutrient content and yield of soybean (Glycine max. L)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-72
Author(s):  
H.C. Ogbuehi
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Area Index

The field study was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine of Imo State University, Owerri, to investigate the effect of Nodumax inoculants on Morpho-Pysiological parameters, Nutrient content and yield of Soybean (Glycine max). The experimental design was Randomized Complete Block Design with five treatments and four replications. Treatments consist of Gum Arabic Slurry, Honey Slurry, Powdered milk Slurry, Sugar Slurry ( as adhesive agents) and control. The results obtained indicated that Nodumax inoculation, with adhesive agents especially Gum Arabic improved the Morpho- Physiological parameters such as plant heights, leaf area, leaf area index, leaf area ratio, Relative Growth Rate (RGR) and Net Assimilation Rate (NAR) and shoot dry weight compare to the control. Inoculation increased soybean grain yield across the various adhesive agents ranging from 909.45kg/ha for non-inoculated control to 1002.99kg/ha for inoculated using Gum Arabic, as sticker agent. Proximate composition of inoculated seeds was significantly (P<0.05) improved compare to the control. However, it was observed that Nodumax inoculation correspond to increase in soybean growth characteristics which subsequently increased the yield and improved the nutritional status of soybean. This study has shown that the type of adhesive for coating of seed during rhizobium inoculation could impact positive change in growth parameters, Nutritional status and yield of soybean.

Growth of Megathyrsus maximus cv. Mombaça as affected by grazing strategies and environmental seasonality. II. Dynamics of herbage accumulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Roberta Aparecida Carnevalli ◽  
Guilhermo Francklin de Souza Congio ◽  
André Fischer Sbrissia ◽  
Sila Carneiro da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Senescence Rate

For tropical forage grasses, leaves are the main morphological component accumulated at the beginning of regrowth, and as leaf area index increases, plants change their growth pattern, allocating more resources to stem elongation as a means of optimising light capture. We hypothesised that, for Mombaça guineagrass, stem elongation and leaf senescence rate play a major role in determining net herbage accumulation rate (NHAR) and that senescence would be the key factor driving the reduction in NHAR when regrowth is interrupted beyond the critical leaf area index, that is, when canopy light interception (LI) exceeds 95%. Treatments corresponded to all combinations of two levels of pre-grazing canopy LI during regrowth (LI95% and LIMax) and two post-grazing heights (30 and 50 cm), and were allocated to experimental units according to a randomised complete block design with four replications. Measurements were performed throughout contrasting climatic conditions during four seasons from January 2001 to February 2002. Overall, spring and the two summers were the seasons when rates of leaf appearance, leaf elongation and leaf growth rate were higher, and leaf lifespan was smaller; the inverse occurred during autumn–winter. Despite the lack of statistically significant differences in NHAR between LI treatments during some seasons of the year, the ratio of leaf growth rate to NHAR was consistently higher for LI95% than LIMax. The pre-grazing target of LI95% was also efficient for decreasing stem elongation and leaf senescence rate. Increased senescence on individual tillers was the key driver generating modifications in the patterns of variation in NHAR beyond the critical leaf area index, suggesting that there is no advantage in extending the regrowth period when the main objective is to maximise leaf growth rate or NHAR.

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