scholarly journals Anatomical and Histological Studies of Grafted Tomato with Interspecific Solanaceous Rootstocks

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-140
Author(s):  
L. Pugalendhi ◽  
S. Bharathi ◽  
N. A. Tamil Selvi ◽  
H. Usha Nandhini Devi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Callus Growth ◽  
Graft Union ◽  
Solanum Torvum ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Vascular Connection ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Histological Sections

A study was carried out at the Department of Vegetable Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu,India during 2019-2020 to assess the anatomical and histological changes within the graft union of tomato and identify compatible rootstocks for improved propagation of the crop. This experiment involved rootstocks of three wild tomatoes including Solanum torvum, S. sisymbrifolium and S. capsicoides and scions of two tomato hybrids including TNAU tomato hybrid CO3 and Shivam. The grafting was done using the cleft grafting method. The anatomical and histological sections of six graft combinations and two tomato scion samples were viewed microscopically at 7, 14 and 21 days after grafting (DAG). Among the six tomato graft combinations, S. torvum rootstock showed complete development of vascular connection at 21 DAG followed by S. sisymbrifolium rootstock, whereas S. capsicoides rootstock showed only callus growth at 14 DAG. Scion growth dominated the rootstock growth in S. torvum rootstock leading to mismatch of scion-rootstock stem thickness and delayed epinasty symptom at the later stages of plant growth. Of the rootstocks of the three species studied, S. sisymbrifolium rootstock was compatible for tomato grafting though it exhibited delayed vascular connection between the scion and rootstock.

scholarly journals Method for maintenance of coffee leaves in vitro for mass rearing of Leucoptera coffeellum (Guérin-Méneville) (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Reis Jr. ◽  
Lima ◽  
Evaldo F. Vilela ◽  
Raimundo S. Barros
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Developmental Cycle ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Leaf Survival ◽  
The Ideal

To accomplish systematic studies with coffee leafminer, it is necessary to establish a mass rearing system under artificial conditions. It is possible to rear this species, from egg to adult, under laboratory conditions, without using coffee seedlings but detached leaves maintained in vitro. Synthetic cytokinins are routinely used for maintenance of plant cell and plant tissues in vitro. Two plant growth regulators, benzyladenin and kinetin, in concentrations 10-6 and 10-7 M were used to mantain the leaves. Green leaves collected in the field were maintained in the solution to be tested. Distilled water served as control. The experiment lasted 30 days, a period longer than the necessary for the complete development of the insect. Both artificial cytokinines indeed increased the lifetime of the coffee leaves, maintaining them green and healthy. Leaves placed in the cages for oviposition were attractive to the insect, with significant number of eggs per leaf. In most cases, eggs resulted in individuals that completed the whole developmental cycle. Tests with regulator in different concentrations with healthy leaves showed efficiency. However, we believe that hormone concentrations to be used with mined leaves should be larger, because these when maintained at 10-7 M leaves did not present a satisfactory lifetime. Therefore, tests with mined leaves with different hormone concentrations should be made to find out the ideal concentration for leaf survival. In our laboratory we are successfully using 10-6 M benzyladenin for the maintenance of mined leaves.

Amelioration of histological changes and associated metabolic abnormalities by a combination of Morinda lucida and metformin in diabetic rats

2028 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-256
Author(s):  
Atanu FO ◽  
◽  
Momoh S ◽  
Ugwu CE ◽  
Ameh O ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Histological Studies

This work investigates the ability of Morinda lucida and co-administration of Morinda lucida/metformin in the control of biochemical and histological changes in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Alloxan diabetic rats were treated with 200 mg/Kg body weight of Morinda lucida leaves extract, 1 mg/Kg BW of metformin or a combination of the two treatments for 28 days. Results of the studies revealed that Morinda lucida leaves extract significantly improved lipid profile and kidney function in diabetic rats. These positive outcomes were enhanced by combined treated with Morinda lucida leaves extract and metformin. Furthermore, the calculated atherogenic index of treated animals were close to those of normal rats as opposed to diabetic rats. Similarly, histological studies showed that Morinda lucida leaves extract and metformin administered together or singly, ameliorated damages in pancreas and kidneys from alloxan diabetic rats. It can therefore be inferred that combined treatment with Morinda lucida leaves extract and merformin could improve the potency of Morinda lucida leaves used in the management of diabetic complications

scholarly journals Histological Changes in the Lung and Liver of Mice Treated with Brake Pad Particles

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 0306
Author(s):  
Ghaidan Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Tree ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Mitotic Figure ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Histological Sections ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

In the present study, the effects of brake pad particles of lung and liver histological sections were evaluated for (60) adult male mice. The animals were divided into three groups ( A,B,C) according to the periods of exposure (4, 8, and 12) weeks respectively exposed to brake pad particles in addition to the control groups (F) exposed to fresh air only. A special inhalation chamber designed locally has been used to expose the animals. The exposure to brake pad particles was (2.228) µg/m³ for 30 min/day, 5 days/week for (4,8and12) weeks respectively. The examination in group (A) of the histological sections of the lung showed the thickness of interalveolar septa.  Also, a congestion of alveolar capillary was marked indicating pulmonary emphysema. The infiltration of alveolar macrophages showed the engulfed foreign particles (pad particles) within their cytoplasm, and peribronchial fibrosis. Group (B) showed the presence of pad particles (anthracosis), whereas the bronchial tree showed bronchitis with the bronchus-hyperplasia of mucin-producing cells (epithelial hyperplasia). Still another section showed an infiltration of mononuclear leukocytes and focal lobar necrosis. The third group (C), in turn, revealed acute interstitial bronchopneumonia with peribronchial focal necrosis and mild pulmonary edema with alveolar anthracosis. As regards the liver, group (A) showed mild central venous congestion. Group (B), on the other hand, gave acute hepatitis, congestion of the central vein hyaline degeneration and mitotic figure having 2-3 nuclei. Severe congestion of the central vein with vascular amyloid deposition and most of the hepatocytes revealed coagulate necrosis in group (C). These changing tissues increased with increasing the exposure periods and were clearer in group (C) which was exposed for 12 weeks. The continuous exposure to brake pad particles lead to damaging important body organs tissues and effect on human health, these particles can be considered as a type of pollutants added to air pollutants in different cities of Iraq.  

scholarly journals HISTOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE BONE MARROW IN FASTED AND POLYNEURITIC PIGEONS

1931 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 761-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Moore ◽  
O. W. Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Endothelial Proliferation ◽  
Rice Disease ◽  
Vascular Channels ◽  
Vitamin B Deficiency

1. The histological changes of the bone marrow in fasted and rice disease pigeons are essentially the same. 2. The histological changes of the bone marrow in pure vitamin B deficiency consist of degeneration and edema and slight endothelial proliferation of the small vascular channels, but with active hematopoiesis. 3. The anemia of rice disease in pigeons is in large part a starvation anemia and not directly related to vitamin B deficiency.

Histological studies of ectomycorrhizae and root nodules from Cercocarpus montanus and Cercocarpus paucidentatus

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 1315-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Hoeppel ◽  
A. G. Wollum II
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Cortical Tissue ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Histological Sections ◽  
Mature Nodule ◽  
In Cells

The ectomycorrhizae of Cercocarpus montanus Raf. and Cercocarpus paucidentatus Britt. displayed morphologies ranging from single swollen short lateral roots on long roots to terminal pyramidal clusters. Most short roots appeared to be mycorrhizal, although C. paucidentatus was only infected under growth chamber conditions. Histological sections revealed a conspicuous fungal mantle, averaging 30 μ in thickness, and a Hartig's net.The root nodules appeared as swellings on lateral roots, and later formed compact coralloid orange-colored masses several centimeters in diameter. Histological analyses indicated that both species of Cercocarpus harbored a similar endophyte. Three developmental stages were noted in cortical tissue, including (a) hyphal masses in apical nodule cells; (b) hyphae terminating in 3 × 4 μ club-shaped vesicular swellings; and (c) older structureless hyphal masses in cells of mature nodule branches. The older hyphal masses did not appear to be absorbed by the host plant. The endophyte possessed branching filaments 0.5 μ in diameter and was considered to be an actinomycete.

scholarly journals Histological observations on Montenegro's reaction in man

1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Mayrink ◽  
Antonio Pedro M. Schettini ◽  
Paul Williams ◽  
Pedro Raso ◽  
Paulo Araujo Magalhães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Vaccine Trials ◽  
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
History Of

The Montenegro skin test is widely used as a diagnostic method for American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) but little is known about the histological changes that occur in the skin after administration of the antigen. This report is based on histological studies of biopsied material obtained, from inoculation sites, 48 hours after individuals had been given intradermal injections with a standardized Montenegro antigen. The material examined was obtained from four distinctly different test groups: naturally infected patients with parasitologically proved ACL and with positive Montenegro's reaction; individuals without previous history of ACL and not previously tested with Montenegro antigen; participants in anti-ACL vaccine trials who developed positive reactions to Montenegro antigen after vaccination; other participants in vaccine trials who had negative Montenegro responses after vaccination or had served as controls in the trials. The histological pictures of each group are described and discussed. Histologically, the reactions of vaccinated individuals were indistinguishable from those with naturally acquired infections.

Brain Contusions: The Time Sequence of the Histological Changes

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Else Marit Løberg ◽  
Ansgar Torvik
Keyword(s):  
Age Determination ◽  
Time Sequence ◽  
Reasonable Accuracy ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Histological Alterations ◽  
Histological Sections ◽  
Orderly Fashion ◽  
Histological Data

Microscopical sections from 65 cases with brain contusions of known age were studied in order to obtain histological data for age determination of the lesions. The earliest histological alterations were observed within one hour after the lesion and they changed in an orderly fashion over the following hours, days and weeks (Figure 1). It is concluded that the age of brain contusions can be determined with reasonable accuracy from routinely stained histological sections.

scholarly journals Histological Changes of the Mandibular Condyle in the Human Fetus at Early Stages of Gestation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfredo Molina
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Human Fetus ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Endochondral Bone Formation ◽  
Endochondral Bone ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Histological Sections ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Mesenchymal Tissue ◽  
Periodic Reaction

Histochemical studies on the mandibular condyle of the human fetus at gestational ages 12, 14, and 16 weeks were performed. Methods. Histological sections were stained with Schiff’s periodic reaction for glicoproteins, hematoxiline eosine detects mesenchymal tissue and trichhromic stain for collagen. The ANOVA one-way test was used to evaluate the differences during stained zones in the three fetus groups. Results. The percentage of glycoproteins and mesenchymal tissue was denser at 12 weeks. This percentage decreases at 14 weeks and is less at 16 weeks. An increase in the amount of collagen in the studied weeks was observed. The percentages of glycoproteins, mesenchymal tissue, and collagen were significantly different; f = 4373, 9624.8, and 3674, P<0.0001 for the three studied groups. Conclusion. The endochondral bone formation of the mandibular condyle includes modifications of the quantities of glycoproteins, mesenchymal tissue, and collagen.

scholarly journals GRAFT COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN EUROPEAN PEAR CULTIVARS AND EAST MALLING “C” ROOTSTOCK

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
BRUNO DALAZEN MACHADO ◽  
MAICON MAGRO ◽  
LEO RUFATO ◽  
AMAURI BOGO ◽  
AIKE ANNELIESE KREZTSCHMAR
Keyword(s):  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Clear Indication ◽  
Graft Union ◽  
Vascular Connection ◽  
European Pear ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pear Orchard ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Graft Compatibility

ABSTRACT Graft incompatibility is one of the main factors limiting european pear production in Brazil. At present, there is no clear indication of the best combination(s) of european pear cultivars and quince rootstocks for graft compatibility. The study evaluated the graft compatibility for combinations of european Abbè Fetel, Rocha and Williams pear cultivars grafted onto the EMC quince rootstock. The experiment was performed in a commercial european pear orchard in the Urupema municipality, in State of Santa Catarina, during the 2011/12, 2012/13 and 2013/14 growing seasons. The plant growth variables comprised the section increment (mm) in the trunk diameter in the graft union region of cultivars and rootstocks; difference in the diameter of the graft for cultivars and rootstocks; “translocated” incompatibility; “located” incompatibility and the vascular connection in the graft union region, which was assessed by immersing the bases of the plants in a 0.08% succinic acid solution. There were “located” and “translocated” incompatibility between the european Williams pear cultivar and the EMC rootstock based on the vascular discontinuity in the graft union region, which prevented the translocation of succinic acid stain. Thus, the Williams/EMC combination is considered incompatible and it is not recommended for use in commercial orchards. The Rocha/EMC and Abbè Fetel/EMC are considered partially incompatible combinations and showed good development eight years after planting.

Morphological and histological studies of the effects of sodium cyclamate on Haworthia callus in vitro

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Majumdar ◽  
S. A. Schlosser
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Callus Growth ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Chromosomal Damage ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Vascular Tissues ◽  
Sodium Cyclamate ◽  
Further Development

Haworthia variegata callus grew and differentiated normally and produced many plantlets in the control medium containing 2 to 3% sucrose. This medium stimulated cell division, vascularization, and primordia formation as evidenced by histological studies. The growth of the callus on 1% cyclamate with or without 2% sucrose media was inhibited to such an extent that the explants produced only a few nodules and plantlets, and further development was not observed. Similarly, the occurrence of cell division, vascularization, and production of primordial initials was reduced to a minimum. On 3% cyclamate with or without 2% sucrose media, the callus growth was completely inhibited and the explants began to shrivel up 8–10 weeks after inoculation and died. Neither the vascular tissues nor the primordial initials were seen in the explant sections and the cells were distorted and ragged. However, sodium cyclamate did not induce chromosomal damage in Haworthia cells.

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