scholarly journals Seed Vigour of Quality Protein Maize Varieties Belonging to Different Maturity Groups

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Olasoji Julius Oluseyi ◽  
Ajayi Sunday Adesola
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Seedling Traits ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Physiological Quality

Laboratory tests were carried out to investigate inherent quality differences among stored seeds of early, intermediate and late-maturing quality protein maize using completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications at the Seed Testing Laboratory of the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria for two consecutive years (2014 and 2015). From the results, germination and accelerated ageing germination traits were affected by the storage period. Similarly, the seed performance on germination, accelerated ageing and the conductivity test were seen to be better in early-maturing than in other maturing maize genotypes. The speed of germination measured as the germination index was low; ranging from 3.24-3.68 days after sowing (DAS) irrespective of the maturity group. Seedling traits measured after physiological quality tests were equally affected by the storage period and the maturity group. All the seedling traits measured were better in the early-maturing genotypes. Seed quality measured by laboratory quality assessments showed that genotypes in the early-maturing group are of high quality. Seeds of early-maturing genotypes retained significantly higher physical and physiological quality parameters and appear to have inherent potential to withstand effects of deterioration due to their slower rate of quality decline.

Improving vigour and viability of blackgram cv.co 6 [Vigna mungo (L) Hepper] through seed priming with inorganics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S . Poonguzhali
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Seed Deterioration ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Amino Benzoic Acid

Studies were undertaken at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore using different seed lots of blackgram cv. CO 6 with a view to elicit information on seed invigouration for maintenance of seed quality during storage period. Seeds soaking followed by drying for different durations ranging from 1h, 2h and 3h with different inorganic chemicals viz., Vitamin E (a- tocopherol), Para Amino Benzoic Acid (PABA) and Salicylic Acid at concentrations of 2.5 mM, 5.0 mM and 7.5 mM in 1:1 seed to solution ratio was attempted. The results shows that soaking of varying seed lots of freshly harvested, aged treated and treated aged seeds of blackgram (3 days of accelerated ageing) in low concentrations viz., 2.5 mM, 5.0 mM of salicylic acid followed by drying was effective in controlling seed deterioration and improving seed vigour and viability in all the seed lots.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Agronomic and Sensory Attributes of Quality Protein Maize for Acceptability in South-Western Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
Bosede Olukemi Lawal ◽  
Olukemi Titilola Ayoola ◽  
Subuola Bosede Fasoyiro
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Soy Milk ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sensory Parameters ◽  
And Training

Abstract Quality Protein Maize (Zea mays L.) (QPM) varieties have been developed by scientists at the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training in Nigeria. For these varieties to have significant impact, they must possess traits acceptable to farmers. A study was carried out to evaluate the agronomic and sensory traits of two Quality Protein Maize - ART-98-SW-6-OB (QPM1) and ILE-1-OB (QPM2), in comparison with ART-96-SW-1 (High Protein Maize) and SUWAN-1-SR (a popularly grown improved variety) in three maize growing communities of South West, Nigeria. Sixty (60) farmers comprising males and females were evaluated for six sensory parameters. The parameters tested were appearance, colour, flavour, texture, taste and overall acceptability. The results of the agronomic evaluation showed that there were no significant differences in the height of QPM varieties and HPM at harvest. QPM varieties gave the highest grain yield of 2.38t/ha for ART-98-SW-6OB and 2.36t/ha for ILE-1-OB. Sensory evaluation showed that when the maize varieties were processed into corn-soy milk, QPM corn-soy milk had the highest sensory scores for all sensory parameters tested. Quality Protein Maize varieties had high grain yield and were most preferred for maize pudding and corn - soy milk. The QPM varieties, if formulated into foods for household or commercial purposes, should have good chance of being accepted by farmers with continuous promotional campaigns.

scholarly journals Genotypic Variation of Different Maturity Groups of Maize (Zea mays L.) for Seed Physiological Quality

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-149
Author(s):  
O. Bankole ◽  
A. Oluwaranti ◽  
S. A. Ajayi ◽  
F. E. Awosanmi
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
Maturity Groups

Maize genotypes of different maturity groups with good seed quality had been developed, but there is little or no information on how the seed quality of the maize genotypes are affected by their maturity groups. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate maize varieties of different maturity groups for seed quality and determine genotypic variations that exist within the different maturity groups of maize for seed quality. Laboratory experiments were conducted in the Seed Science Laboratory of the Department of Crop Production and Protection, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Seeds of sixteen maize genotypes of different maturity groups were subjected to imbibition, germination, accelerated ageing, conductivity and seedling vigor tests. The late maturity group (TZLCOMP.4DTF2,TZLCOMP. 1C6/DT.SYN-1-W, WHITEDTSTR/TZLCOMP.1-W, OBASUPER1) gave the best viability, speed of germination and days to complete germination while the extra early maturity group (2009TZEE-ORISTRQPM, 2000SYNEE-WSTR,2013TZEE-WDTSTR, TZEE-WPOPDTC2STRC5F2) had the least performance. The early (2014TZE –YDTSTR, 2013DTESTR–WSYN, EVDT-2000STRC0, 2009DTEWSTRSYN) and extra-early maturity groups had the longest root length and highest root number respectively. However, the different maturity groups of maize evaluated imbibed water at the same rate. TZEE-WPOP DT STR C5 F2, 2013 DTE STR – W SYN, AFLATOXIN R-SYN2, TZL COMP.1 C6/DT. SYN-1-W among extra early, early, intermediate and late maturity groups respectively performed best for viability and vigor tests.

scholarly journals Using a Participatory Approach and Legume Integration to Increase the Productivity of Early Maturing Maize in the Nigerian Sudan Savannas

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Alpha Y. Kamara ◽  
Hakeem A. Ajeigbe ◽  
Nathalie Ndaghu ◽  
Lucy Kamsang ◽  
Temitope Ademulegun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Sudan Savanna

Drought, infestation of cereal crops by the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica, and poor soil fertility are the major constraints to maize production by smallholder farmers in the Sudan savannas of northern Nigeria. Four innovation platforms (IPs) were therefore established in 2008 in the Sudan savanna (SS) agroecological zone of northern Nigeria to create a stakeholder forum to address these identified food production challenges in the target areas. The IPs comprised researchers from Bayero University, Kano; Institute for Agricultural Research, Zaria; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture; state and local government extension programs in Kano and Katsina states; input and output dealers; community-based organisations; and media organisations in the two states. The current study reports on the effects of legume integration on maize performance in farmer fields and the adoption of Striga management technologies introduced in the IPs over a four-year period. The deployment of drought- Striga-tolerant and early-maturing maize varieties along with legume rotation reduced Striga infestation by 46–100% when cowpea was rotated with maize, 80–97% when groundnut was rotated with maize, and 59–94% when soybean was rotated with maize. Grain yield of maize increased by 63–88% when cowpea was rotated with maize, 69–128% when groundnut was rotated with maize, and 9–133% when soybean was rotated with maize. Participatory and detailed questionnaire-based adoption surveys showed high adoption of improved maize varieties, five years after program interventions. The maize variety 99EVDT-W-STR C0 was the most popular among all the IPs because it is early maturing, Striga-resistant, and drought-tolerant. The high maize yields and high adoption rates suggest that the IP approach was effective in disseminating maize technologies.

scholarly journals Electrical conductivity and mineral composition of the imbibition solution of bean seeds during storage

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Denise da Silva ◽  
Mariana Silva Rosa Pazeto ◽  
Roberval Daiton Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Bean Seed ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
And Storage

The electrical conductivity test has been used to evaluate seed vigour in many species, especially legumes, such as peas, beans and soybeans. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of temperature and storage period on the results of the electrical conductivity test and the mineral composition of the imbibition solution of bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Three seed lots of the cultivar IAPAR - 81 and cultivar IPR - TIZIU were stored at 10, 25 and 25-10º C (six months at 10º C and six months at 25º C) The following evaluations were made every three months for a year: seed water content, germination and vigour (accelerated ageing and electrical conductivity) and the potassium, calcium and magnesium contents of the imbibition solution. The cultivars showed similar behavior in storage. The reduction in the vigour of bean seeds stored at 10º C was verified by accelerated ageing and electrical conductivity tests. The bean seed storage at low temperature (10º C) does not influence the results of the evaluation of seed vigour by electrical conductivity test and the quantification of calcium, magnesium and potassium ions. The evaluation of vigour by the electrical conductivity test is not recommended for bean seed stored by long periods (above 9 months).

scholarly journals The variability of grain yield, seed morphometric and vigour traits of early maturing hybrid maize

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
Dotun Ogunniyan ◽  
Johnson Adetumbi ◽  
Julius Olasoji ◽  
Solomon Makinde
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Breeding for yield and quality requires the assessment of the seed metrics and vigour traits. This study, therefore, assessed the variability and inter-dependence of grain yield (GY), seed morphometric and vigour traits in hybrid maize. Seeds of 75 early maturing hybrid maize varieties were evaluated for morphometric traits and quality in four replicates. A field trial laid out in a randomised complete block design with three replicates was also conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria, to determine the grain yield of the hybrids. Data collected on the GY, seed dimension and quality were subjected to analysis of variance. The least significant difference was used to separate means. Relationships among the GY, seed morphometric and vigour traits were determined using correlation coefficients, while principal component (PC) analysis was performed for variability among the hybrids. Significant differences (P<0.001) were found in the GY, seed dimension and vigour traits. Four of the nine highest yielding hybrids had ECT higher than 30.0 ?sg-1 cm-1. The GY correlated with seed diameter (SDT) (0.40**), seed width (SWD) (0.36**), seed length (SLG) (0.35**), seed area (SAR) (0.30**) and seed vigour (SVI) (0.30**). The SAG correlated with SDT, SLG, seed thickness (STH) and SAR. All the seed vigour traits correlated with one another. The PC I explained GY, SDT, SWD, SLG, SAR and SVI, indicating their importance in GY improvement. Seed angle, length and diameter were versatile in maize varietal selection. Identified high yielding hybrids with seed morphometric and vigour qualities can be explored by seed companies as innovation in the seed production business.

scholarly journals Prevalence of fungi associated with storage seeds of different maize varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1010-1018
Author(s):  
Ummay Sadia ◽  
Shamim Shamsi ◽  
Md Abul Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Duration Of Storage ◽  
Fungal Association

A total of seven species of fungi were isolated from seed samples of maize (Zea mays L.) collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur. Association of fungi with maize seeds was recorded three times viz., within a month after harvest, after three and six months of storage at 25°C and 4°C. The fungal association varied with duration of storage period. Seven fungi viz., Aspergillus flavus Link, A. fumigatus Fresenius, A. niger Van Teighem, Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn, Fsarium verticillioides, Penicillium italicum and Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vuill., were isolated from the different maize varieties namely KhaiBhutta, Barnali, Mohor, Bari Misty Bhutta, BHM-3, BHM-5, BM-5, BHM-6, BHM-7, BM-7 and BHM-9. Species of Aspergillus, Penicillium and Rhizopus were predominating fung iwhich increased with the increase of storage period. Bioresearch Commu. 7(2): 1010-1018, 2021 (June)

scholarly journals Assessing the Potential of Extra-Early Maturing Landraces for Improving Tolerance to Drought, Heat, and Both Combined Stresses in Maize

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Nelimor ◽  
Baffour Badu-Apraku ◽  
Antonia Yarney Tetteh ◽  
Ana Luísa Garcia-Oliveira ◽  
Assanvo Simon-Pierre N’guetta
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Maize Landraces ◽  
Landrace Accessions

Maize landrace accessions constitute an invaluable gene pool of unexplored alleles that can be harnessed to mitigate the challenges of the narrowing genetic base, declined genetic gains, and reduced resilience to abiotic stress in modern varieties developed from repeated recycling of few superior breeding lines. The objective of this study was to identify extra-early maize landraces that express tolerance to drought and/or heat stress and maintain high grain yield (GY) with other desirable agronomic/morpho-physiological traits. Field experiments were carried out over two years on 66 extra-early maturing maize landraces and six drought and/or heat-tolerant populations under drought stress (DS), heat stress (HS), combined both stresses (DSHS), and non-stress (NS) conditions as a control. Wide variations were observed across the accessions for measured traits under each stress, demonstrating the existence of substantial natural variation for tolerance to the abiotic stresses in the maize accessions. Performance under DS was predictive of yield potential under DSHS, but tolerance to HS was independent of tolerance to DS and DSHS. The accessions displayed greater tolerance to HS (23% yield loss) relative to DS (49% yield loss) and DSHS (yield loss = 58%). Accessions TZm-1162, TZm-1167, TZm-1472, and TZm-1508 showed particularly good adaptation to the three stresses. These landrace accessions should be further explored to identify the genes underlying their high tolerance and they could be exploited in maize breeding as a resource for broadening the genetic base and increasing the abiotic stress resilience of elite maize varieties.

scholarly journals Influence of lignin content in soybean seed coat on the incidence of the storage fungus Aspergillus flavus

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ísis Barreto Dantas ◽  
João Almir de Oliveira ◽  
Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Édila Vilela Resende Von Pinho ◽  
Sttela Dellyzete Veiga Franco da Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Health ◽  
Physiological Quality

Seed quality may be affected by several factors, including permeability, color, and lignin content in the seed coat. This study aimed at evaluating influence of lignin content in the tegument of seed samples of six different soybean cultivars, in which half of each sample was inoculated with the fungus Aspergillus flavus, on the physical and physiological quality, and on the seed health, during 180 days storage period, under cold chamber with controlled conditions of temperature and RH. For that, at each interval of 60 days, samples were removed, and the physiological quality of these seeds was assessed by means of moisture and lignin contents; and by tests of seed health, germination, and electrical conductivity. The moisture content of seeds remained constant during all storage period. In the seed health test, it was found that inoculation was efficient, once the minimum incidence of the fungus in the inoculated seeds was 85%. In the germination test, there was a trend of reduction on percentage germination with the increase in storage period. However, there was an increase on electrical conductivity of seeds assessed. It was concluded that there is no interference of the lignin content in the seed coat on the resistance to infection by the fungus Aspergillus flavus, even after seed storage for a period of 180 days.

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