scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern and ESBL Prevalence of Bacteria Isolated from Street Vended Snacks

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Chidiebere Anab-Atulomah ◽  
Ngozi C. Oji ◽  
Vivian N. Kanu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Laboratory Unit ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Esbl Producers

Aims: The objective of the study was to ascertain the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and ESBL prevalence of bacteria isolated from snacks. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology (Laboratory Unit) Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike. Methodology: The snacks were mashed aseptically, serially diluted and inoculated onto nutrient agar and MacConkey agar. Isolates were identified using standard microbiological procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates and ESBL detection was done using disk diffusion method. ESBL production was confirmed using Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST) method following CLSI recommendations. Results: Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the bacteria isolated with Escherichia coli as the most prevalent isolate with 42% occurrence in the samples screened. There was significant difference in the sensitivity of the bacteria isolates to the different antibiotics used at P=0.05. Salmonella Typhi isolates exhibited highest resistance to an antibiotic with 86% resistance to ciprofloxacin while Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates exhibited the lowest resistance to an antibiotic with 10% resistance to cefotaxime. Among the Gram-negative bacteria, 36% of suspected ESBL producing E. coli isolates were confirmed as ESBL producers indicating the highest occurrence. Conclusion: The study confirmed the presence of bacteria in street vended snacks which exhibited high resistance to antibiotics that could be attributed to the presence of ESBL producers among the isolates.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Retail Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in Addis Ababa City: Magnitude of Contamination and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklilu Feleke Haile ◽  
Silvia Alonso ◽  
Nega Berhe ◽  
Tizeta Bekele Atoma ◽  
Prosper N. Boyaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an important foodborne pathogen but largely under investigated in Africa. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and pattern of antimicrobial resistance of E. coli O157:H7 in lettuce in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 390 retail lettuce samples were collected across the 10 subcities of Addis Ababa. E. coli O157:H7 was isolated and identified following ISO-16654:2001 standard. The isolates were further tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to 13 antimicrobials using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. Out of the 390 lettuce samples examined, two (0.51%) carried E. coli O157:H7. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of strains showed resistance to ampicillin (100%) and tetracycline (50.0%). One of the two isolates was multidrug resistant to two antimicrobials tested. The results of this study demonstrate the presence of drug-resistant E. coli O157:H7 in lettuce in markets in Addis Ababa. Despite the low prevalence, its presence in a product that is eaten raw highlights potential public health risk in the area associated with this pathogen.

Bacteriological Profile of Wound Swab and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Mst Naznin Tarana ◽  
Jannatul Fardows ◽  
Nasreen Farhana ◽  
Rehana Khatun ◽  
Shahida Akter
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Wound Swab

Background: Wound infections are global problem in the field of surgery associated with long hospital stay, higher treatment expenditure, morbidity and mortality. Objective: To isolate and identify the bacteria causing wound infection and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Shaheed Suhrawady Medical College, Dhaka from January 2017 to December 2017 for a period of one (01) year. A total of 190 wound swabs were collected from the patients who were visited in outpatient department and were admitted at inpatient department with skin and soft tissue infection. Swabs from the wound were inoculated on appropriate media and cultured and the isolates were identified by standard procedures as needed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by disc diffusion method according to ‘The Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute’ guidelines. Results: In this study, out of 190 cases 115 (60.52%) were male and 75 (39.47%) were female and majority 85(44.73%) were in the age group of 16 to 30 years. A total number of 190 isolates were obtained, among which 124 (65.25%) were culture positive cases. Among the isolated organisms predominant bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus 68 (35.79%) followed by Escherichia coli 30 (15.79%), Pseudomonas 14 (7.37%), Klebsiella 6 (3.16%), Proteus 4 (2.10%) and Acinetobacter 2 (1.05%). Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to linezolid (94.11%), vancomycin (88.23%) and amikacin (70.58%). Among the Gram negative isolates Escherichia coli was predominant and showed sensitivity to imipenem (80%), amikacin (70%), ceftazidime (60%), piperacillin+ tazobactum (56.66%), colistin (53.33%). Pseudomonas showed sensitivity to colistin (78.57%), imipenem (71.42%). Klebsiella showed sensitivity to imipenem (83.33%), amikacin (66.66%), piperacillin+ tazobactum (66.66%), and colistin(66.66%). Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated pathogen from wound swab and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of various isolates will guide for appropriate selection of antibiotics against wound infection, so as to reduce the spread of resistant bacteria. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2019, Vol.11(1); 65-68

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in paediatric diarrhoeal patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Shimu Saha ◽  
Sanya Tahmina Jhora ◽  
Tanjila Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Stool Samples

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) mediated infantile diarrhoea among children is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of EPEC strains isolated from children under 5 years of age was studied. Stool samples from 272 patients with diarrhoea were collected from two tertiary care hospitals. Out of 272 stool samples, 20 (7.35%) isolates were identified as EPEC on the basis of presence of bfpA gene detected by polymerase chain reaction and antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed on these EPEC strains by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed that the EPEC isolates were highly resistant to ampicillin (100%), nalidixic acid (95%) and tetracycline (95%) and were sensitive to ceftazidime (95%), cefotaxime (90%), ceftriaxone (95%), imipenem (100%) and levofloxacin (85%). Isolation of EPEC is of great importance since they are responsible for acute diarrhoeal diseases in large number of children under the age of five years. The high antimicrobial resistance observed in our study indicates indiscriminate or improper use of antimicrobials, besides the risks of self-medication.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2014; 8(1): 12-16

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Urinary Pathogens in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 878-882
Author(s):  
Akshatha N ◽  
Anjana Gopi ◽  
Supriya Christopher ◽  
Mangala G.K.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

BACKGROUND Urinary tract Infection (UTI) are the most common clinical conditions in general practice and gynaecological department. Men and women of all age groups are affected by UTI, but its overall prevalence is higher in women. The major causative agents are Escherichia coli and other Enterobacteriaceae. In majority of the cases, empirically treatment is started with antimicrobials before the urine culture and sensitivity reports become available. This has led to an increase in antibiotic resistance in urinary pathogens. Hence, the present study was undertaken to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of uropathogens to commonly used antimicrobials in treating UTIs. METHODS A total of 200 urine samples were obtained from patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of UTIs attending Bapuji and Chigateri General Hospital which are attached to Jagadguru Jayadeva Murugarajendra Medical College (JJMMC), Davangere for a period of 3 months that is from May 2016 to July 2016. Urine samples were processed within 2 hours of reaching the laboratory. Semi quantitative urine culture was done. Isolation and identification were done by performing standard biochemical tests and the antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using the standard disc diffusion method by Kirby-Bauer technique. RESULTS There were 170 urinary isolates from 200 samples. Children less than 10 years were more affected 54 (27 %). Female patients were more, 119 (59.5 %) compared to males 81 (40.5 %). Escherichia coli was the most predominant isolate, 71 (41.8 %) followed by Enterococcus species 22 (1.9 %). Organisms were resistant to commonly used antibiotics i.e., cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and amoxicillin. Both gram negative and gram-positive isolates were sensitive to amikacin and nitrofurantoin. CONCLUSIONS In present study Escherichia coli is the predominant pathogen. Uncomplicated UTIs can be empirically treated by nitrofurantoin. Occurrence of treatment failure with commonly used antimicrobials is more often in Indian setting. Hence, antimicrobial susceptibility testing must be employed routinely. KEY WORDS UTIs, Uropathogens, E. coli, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

AEROBIC BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE WITH ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF PUS SAMPLES AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN JAIPUR

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-67
Author(s):  
Hemendra K Sharma ◽  
Niketa Gupta ◽  
Mahesh Yadav ◽  
Aruna Vyas ◽  
Rajni Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

Background: Pyogenic infections can be caused by various microorganisms and may co-exist as poly microbial infections which require antibiotic therapy. The inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to major problems of MDRO's contributing to morbidity and mortality. Even though the bacteriological prole of pus samples in many studies remain the same, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of these isolates has shown a lot of variation. This study was conducted to assess bacteriological prole of pus samples and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern Materials and Methods:Aretrospective study was carried out from April to June 2021. 540 pus culture aerobic bacterial isolates were included. The samples were cultured on Blood and MacConkey agar. After aerobic incubation at 37oC for 18-24 hrs, organisms were identied by conventional bacteriology methods as per laboratory protocol and antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method as per CLSI 2020 guideline. Results: Out of 540 pus isolates , 452(83.7%)were gram negative bacili and 88(16.3%) were gram positive cocci Pseudomonas spp. 173(31.9%), was most common gram negative isolate while S.. aureus 66(12.19%) was most common Gram positive isolate. Most of gram negative isolates were susceptible to Imipenem and Polymyxin and gram positive isolates to vancomycin and linezolid . Conclusion: To combat resistance irrational use of antibiotics should be avoided. Also regular surveillance helps in implementing better therapeutic strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality

scholarly journals Frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of hospital isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in urine samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Jukić ◽  
Danijel Topić ◽  
El-Jesah Đulić ◽  
Amela Dedeić- Ljubović
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Urinary Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Objectives/Aim: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are a serious public health problem and caused by many pathogens, most often by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.Aim of this study was to show the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of E. coli and K. pneumoniae in hospital isolates, following the GLASS methodology.Methods: This is a retrospective study that was conducted in the Laboratory for Urinary Infections OU Clinical Microbiology CCUS in the period from January till December 2018.A total of 13760 urine samples were processed, using standard laboratory methods, in which significant bacteriuria was detected in 3218 (23.4%) of specimens.Results: Out of the total number of positive samples, E. coli was isolated in 1166 (36.2%) and K. pneumoniae at 341 (10.6%) patients. The presence of E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates is dominant in females (1103/73.2%) and age group 60 and older (812/54.7%). Out of the total E. coli isolates, the ESBL strain was presented with 79 (6.8%) and K. pneumoniae with 145 (42.5%). The proportion of carbapenemase (CPE) produced by K. pneumoniae isolates was 8 (2.4%). The ESBL strain distribution analysis on clinics showed the highest prevalence of both isolates at the Clinic for Nephrology: K. pneumoniae 26/17,9%; E. coli: 12/15.4%. Isolated E. coli showed the highest resistance to ampicillin 673/1166 (57,7%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 454/1166 (38.9%) and ciprofloxacin 253/970 (26.1%), while K. pneumoniae to ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole with 151/285 (53.0%) and 164/341 (48.1%), respectively.Conclusions: Our study has shown that the most common cause of urinary infections in hospital settings are E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Data analysis showed that the presence of ESBL isolates was significantly higher in K. pneumoniae than E. coli. CPE isolates of K. pneumoniae were also detected.

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