Effect of Salinity on Germination of Lettuce Cultivars Produced in Brazil

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Tadeu Fim Rosas ◽  
Edilson Marques Junior ◽  
Rodrigo Monte Lorenzoni ◽  
Fernando Ferreira Lima dos Santos ◽  
Rodrigo Nogueira Martins
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Resistant Plant ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Doses

The challenge of recovering degraded soils due to salinity excess leads to the search for more effective strategies that can overcome this problem. Among these, one of the approaches is the use of resistant plant varieties in affected areas. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different doses of salts on seed germination and seedling formation of two lettuce cultivars (Hanson and H121) and to verify the existence of tolerance among the cultivars. A completely randomized design was used in a 2x5x4 factorial scheme, where the cultivars were evaluated under five distinct salt doses (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mol.m-3, conductivities of 0.0, 2.8, 5.4, ​​8.0 and 10.6 dS.m-1, respectively), with four replicates. In this sense, the following variables were evaluated: germination rate (GR), germination speed index (GSI), seedling height (SH), root length (RL) and percentage of dry matter in relation to fresh matter (DM%). As a result, the Hanson cultivar presented better performance than the H121, under all the different salt doses, in all the studied variables. Also, the EC of 2.8 dS.m-1 did not affect any of the studied variables, including both cultivars. However, EC above 2.8 dS.m-1had, significantly, reduced the development of the cultivars. The Hanson cultivar was influenced only in the variables SH, RL and DM%, where and DM% were influenced by EC values above 8.0 and 10.6 dS.m-1, respectively. The cultivar H121 was significantly influenced by all evaluate dvariables, which demonstrates its greater susceptibility to salinity.

scholarly journals Physiological and phytosanitary potential of rocket seeds

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jucilayne Fernandes Vieira ◽  
Sandro de Oliveira ◽  
Zarela Casas Navarro Zanatta ◽  
Elisa Souza Lemes ◽  
Francisco Amaral Villela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Seed Analysis ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological and sanitary quality of seeds of rocket; the research was done at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis and greenhouse of the Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel). Four lots of the cultivar "Antonella'' were tested for following features: initial and final moisture content, germination rate, first count of germination, accelerated aging with saline solution, dry matter contents, seedling shoot and root length, emergence speed index, emergence of seedlings in substrate, electrical conductivity and sanitary condition. A completely randomized design with four replications was used for all tests done and means were compared by Tukey test (P≤0.05). For all tests performed it was concluded that despite changes in the ranking of the best lots, there was agreement regarding the indication of the inferiority of the lot 3 in all tests and it was also observed that the incidence of fungi associated with seeds of rocket interfere with the physiological quality of the lots.

scholarly journals INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CORN SUBJECTED TO INCREASING NITROGEN DOSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e5226
Author(s):  
Dhiego César Oliveira Riva Neto ◽  
Leonardo Rodrigues Barros ◽  
Vinicius Silva Sousa ◽  
Eliana Paula Fernandes Brasil ◽  
Adriana Aparecida Ribon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Almost All

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cereals grown and consumed in the world not only for its economic value but also due to its importance in human and animal nutrition. This study aimed to assess the initial development of corn as a function of increasing nitrogen doses. The study was carried out in a greenhouse on the Sipal Farm, Confresa, MT, Brazil. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design, consisting of five treatments (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg N dm−3 soil), with four replications, conducted from April to June 2020. Four seeds of the hybrid K 9606 VIP 3 were sown per 8-L polyethylene pot. The plants were thinned at 7 days after emergence (DAE), leaving only one plant per pot. Morphological components were assessed. A significant effect was found for almost all the analyzed parameters, except for stem diameter and root dry matter. The maximum plant height, shoot fresh matter, leaf area index, shoot dry matter, root fresh matter, and root volume was obtained by applying the maximum agronomic efficiency doses of 248.83, 271.90, 336.91, 279.66, 403.92, and 272.90 mg N dm−3 soil, respectively. Nitrogen doses influenced the initial development of the corn crop.

scholarly journals Development and root morphology of passion fruit in different substrates

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 514-520
Author(s):  
Karminne Dias do Valle ◽  
Laísse Danielle Pereira ◽  
Moab Acácio Barbosa ◽  
Vanessa Brenda Souza Chaves ◽  
Pedro Henrique Magalhães de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Initial Formation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

Among the factors that contribute to better initial development of plants, it is the substrate used. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of substrate in initial formation and morphology of the roots of two species of passion fruits. The analyses were done in the nursery of the Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Regional Jataí, Brazil, with a light interception of 60%. The material used were seeds of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) and the cultivar FB 200 (Flora Brasil), harvested in the UFG experimental field. They were sown in three types of substrates: Soil I (mixture of soil, chicken manure and sand in a ratio of 2:1:1 by volume), soil II (steep bank), and Bioplant®, using for plants perforated bags with a capacity of 1.5 L. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with six treatments, eight replications and four plants per plot. After 30 days of sowing, fresh matter of root, root dry matter and morphology were evaluated. The substrate affected the initial development of yellow passion fruit, obtaining the best results with Bioplant®, showing as promising for the development of all the evaluated characteristics.

scholarly journals Plot size and number of replications to assess the vegetable matter in oat

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-263
Author(s):  
André Lavezo ◽  
Alberto Cargnelutti Filho ◽  
Bruna Mendonça Alves ◽  
Denison Esequiel Schabarum ◽  
Daniela Lixinski Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Uniformity Trials

The determination of the optimum plot size in agricultural crops is important for obtaining accurate inferences in the treatments in question. This study aimed at determining the optimum plot size (Xo) and the number of replications to evaluate the fresh matter (FM) and the dry matter (DM) of oat and at verifying the variability of Xo among cultivars and sowing dates. Ninety-six uniformity trials of 3×3 m were performed and each assay was divided into 36 basic experimental units (BEU) of 0.5×0.5 m. The 96 uniformity trials were distributed in four cultivars and three sowing dates. At the flowering stage, FM and DM were determined in each BEU. Then, the Xo was determined in each uniformity assay, using the maximum curvature method of the coefficient of variation model. In oat, there is variability of Xo among cultivars and sowing dates to measure FM and DM. For the four cultivars on the three sowing dates, the Xo of 1.66 m2 and of 1.73 m2 are suitable to evaluate FM and DM, respectively. Four replications to evaluate the maximum of 50 treatments in completely randomized design and randomized blocks design are sufficient so that the differences among treatment means of 44.75% of the experiment mean may be significant, using the Tukey test at 5% probability to measure FM and DM in oat.

scholarly journals Formation of Seedlings of Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner and Weed Control Under Application of Herbicides Oxyfluorfen and Pendimethalin

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Cleidson Alves da Silva ◽  
Jhonny Kelvin Dias Martins ◽  
João Batista Dias Damaceno ◽  
Bruna Firmino Enck ◽  
Douglas Revesse da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Relevant Factors ◽  
Manual Activity

One of the most relevant factors for the formation of coffee crops is to use quality seedlings. However, the competition of weeds for nutrients and water from the soil can negatively affect your obtaining. Thus, the control of weeds in nursery is often dependent on the use of herbicides, considering that the manual activity is costly. In this way, this work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of weed control and the effects on the development of clonal seedlings of coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner) by application of herbicides oxyfluorfen and pendimenthalin in nursery conditions. The experiment was conducted under a completely randomized design in factorial scheme 2 × 5, two herbicides: Pendimethalin and Oxifluorfen in five doses: corresponding to 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 L.ha-1 of commercial products. Was evaluated during the experiment the emergence of weeds and to end (140 days), were evaluated: seedling Height, stem diameter, leaf area, number of sheets, number of roots, root length, root volume, dry mass of roots and shoot dry matter. There was significant effect for seedling height, shoot dry matter and total dry mass, in which the pendimethalin caused damage to seedlings in comparison to oxyfluorfen. The use of the herbicides Pendimethalin and Oxyfluorfen obtained satisfactory control of weeds with application of 1080g and 648 g a.i. ha-1, respectively.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of pre-dried banana tree pseudostem ammoniated with protected urea

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1345
Author(s):  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueira ◽  
Nathália Gonçalves de Jesus ◽  
Eleuza Clarete Junqueira de Sales ◽  
Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽  
Alexandre Soares dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Banana Tree ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Doses

The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition, pH and rumen degradability of banana tree pseudostems pre-dried and ammoniated with different doses of urea (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% in natural matter). The experiment consisted of five treatments (doses of urea) with six replications, following a completely randomized design. There was a linear increase in the pH (P < 0.01) of the banana tree pseudostems pre dried with the inclusion of urea. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in dry matter, ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, non-fibrous carbohydrates and total digestible nutrients; the averages were 31.58, 18.82, 46.43, 9.30, 11.87 and 42.52%, respectively. The inclusion of 2% urea increased the crude protein content (P < 0.01) by 42.75%, the soluble fraction "a" by 31.82%, and the potential and effective degradability of dry matter by 15.49% compared to that of the control group (without urea). The potentially degradable fraction, time of colonization and ruminal repletion of the neutral detergent fiber of the pre-dried banana tree pseudostems were not altered with the inclusion of urea (P > 0.05). The ammonization of the pre-dried banana tree pseudostems with 2% of urea improved the chemical composition and rumen degradability of the dry matter.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Substrates for Jenipapo (Genipa americana L.) Seedlings Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Ana Veruska Cruz da Silva ◽  
Adrielle Naiana Ribeiro Soares ◽  
Milena Nascimento Cardoso ◽  
Marília Freitas de Vasconcelos Melo ◽  
Evandro Neves Muniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Fertilized Soil ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings ◽  
Relative Chlorophyll Content

Jenipapo (Genipa americana L. Rubiaceae) is a native species not endemic to Brazil and found in several biomes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the emergence and growth of seedlings cultivated in different substrates. Treatments were made of: T1 (fertilized soil), T2 (fertilized soil + coconut fiber), T3 (fertilized soil + sand), T4 (sand + coconut fiber), T5 (bovine manure + coconut fiber), and T6 (bovine manure + sand). The experiment consisted of a completely randomized design, with six treatments (substrates) and four replications of 25 seeds. The following variables were evaluated: first emergence count, percentage of emergence, emergence speed index, seedling height, root length, stem diameter, number of leaves, relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), leaf area, root dry matter, and shoot dry matter. The substrates T1 (fertilized soil), T2 (fertilized soil + coconut fiber), T3 (fertilized soil + sand) and T6 (bovine manure + sand) were more efficient for jenipapo seedlings production.

scholarly journals MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF COWPEA GENOTYPES TO IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1008
Author(s):  
JOÃO PEDRO ALVES DE AQUINO ◽  
ANTÔNIO AÉCIO DE CARVALHO BEZERRA ◽  
FRANCISCO DE ALCÂNTARA NETO ◽  
CARLOS JOSÉ GONCALVES DE SOUZA LIMA ◽  
RAYLSON RODRIGUES DE SOUSA
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Cowpea is broadly cultivated worldwide, especially in semi-arid or arid regions where soil or irrigation water salt contents can negatively influence the species’ productive capacity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphophysiological responses of cowpea genotypes to irrigation water salinity. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, under a completely randomized design with nine replications and in a 5x3 factorial scheme. Treatments consisted of five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity - EC (EC0: 0.55; EC1: 1.60; EC2: 3.20; EC3: 4.80 and EC4: 6.40 dS m-1), applied from the 15th day after sowing (DAS), and three cowpea genotypes (G1: BRS Imponente; G2: MNC04-795F-168 and G3: MNC04-795F-159). EC increases at 35 DAS promoted stem diameter reductions of 8.0% (G1), 11.4% (G2), and 7.7% (G3), indicating different resistance to salinity by each genotype. Leaf area reductions at 25 and 38 DAS were 30.9% and 38.8% for EC0 and EC4, respectively. The BRS Imponente cultivar presented a performance superior to those of G2 and G3 in relation to stem diameter and stem dry matter at 25 DAS, and root-shoot and root-leaf ratios at 38 DAS.

scholarly journals Competitive analysis of soybean and sudangrass using replacement series design

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 668-675
Author(s):  
Mauro Antônio Rizzardi ◽  
Alana Cristina Dorneles Wandscheer ◽  
Andrea Ferreira Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Replacement Series ◽  
Series Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Agricultural Areas

ABSTRACT Competition is the best known form of direct interference of weeds on agricultural crops. However, there is relatively little information on the competition of the weed sudangrass on soybean, which has been common in agricultural areas in the southern of Rio Grande do Sul. The objective of this study was to evaluate the competition between sudangrass and soybeans using replacement series experiments. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with four replications. The treatments consisted of soybean and sudangrass associations. The experimental units were 8-L plastic pots, in the proportions 0: 8, 2: 6, 4: 4, 6: 2, 8: 0, corresponding to 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the crop and weed respectively. Shoot, root and total dry matter and plant height were analyzed through diagrams applied to replacement series and competitive indices. Soybean showed competitive superiority in coexistence with sudangrass in relation to shoot, root and total dry matter. The intraspecific competition was more significant for the crop and inter-specific competition was more important for the weed.

scholarly journals Tolerance of Annual Winter Species to Protoporfirinogen Oxidase Inhibiting Herbicides (Protox)

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. ALVES ◽  
L. GALON ◽  
R.R. KAIZER ◽  
F.L. WINTER ◽  
C.M. HOLZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
F Test ◽  
Tolerant Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Linear Regressions

ABSTRACT: The use of plant species for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with herbicides is an alternative that has been emphasized to minimize the effects of the persistence of agrochemicals in the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerance potential of winter species in soils contaminated with sulfentrazone and fomesafen. The experiment was in a completely randomized design with four replications. Doses of fomesafen (0.0, 0.125, 0.250, and 0.5 kg ha-1) and sulfentrazone (0.0, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 kg ha-1) were applied during the pre-emergence of phytoremediate species (black oat, vetch, birdsfood trefoil, radish and lupin). Forty five days after the emergence of the species, the phytotoxicity (%), leaf area (cm2), stalk and/or stem diameter (mm), height (cm) and dry matter (g) variables of the plants were evaluated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance by F test; when significant, linear or non linear regressions were applied to evaluate the effect of herbicide doses on the studied species. Birdsfood trefoil was the less tolerant species to fomesafen and sulfentrazone. Black oat was less affected by the application of fomesafen doses, but it was highly susceptible to sulfentrazone. Radish presented tolerance only up to the fomesafen dose of 0.25 kg ha-1; as for sulfentrazone, the species showed tolerance. The most tolerant species to fomesafen and sulfentrazone, regardless of the dose, was the lupine, which is a possible alternative for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with these herbicides.

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