scholarly journals Identification of People at Risk of Developing Chronic Kidney Disease among Rural Disadvantageous Population in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Tanjina Rahman ◽  
Akibul Islam Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Asadul Habib ◽  
Harun Ur- Rashid ◽  
Shakib Arefin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dipstick Test ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Management

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global disease and the prevalence of CKD is increasing in both developed and developing countries. The current study aimed to assess subjects in the rural areas of Sylhet district in Bangladesh to identify individuals who may be predisposed to at risk for developing CKD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 996 subjects from Sylhet district of Bangladesh. Data were collected by using a standard questionnaire from 82 villages. Data about socio-demographic, medical history and anthropometric and biochemical parameters were collected. Urine dipstick test was done for both albumin and glucose. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA-test were performed for statistical analysis. Results: The study revealed that people living in rural areas of Sylhet in Bangladesh are at risk of developing CKD and the hidden cause behind it includes not only diabetes and hypertension, but also other lifestyle related factors. Younger participants were found to be at less risk compared to older participants for developing CKD. From urinary dipstick test, 2% and 3.3% subjects had severe traces of albumin and glucose in their urine. Approximately 16% of subjects had hypertension. From the data of 99 out of 996 subjects for urine albumin dipstick test, 98 respondents were identified as stage I CKD patients and only one was identified as stage II CKD patients. Conclusion: As dialysis and transplants are unsustainable in the long term, it is important to seek preventive strategies when patients are in pre-dialysis state and identify and manage those at high risk. Nutrition and life-style choices can play key roles to achieve this. So, urgent low-cost programs are needed to identify people who are at risk of CKD as well as address their current medical condition to initiate early management of CKD patients.

scholarly journals Periodontal Status in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lam Do Ai Nguyen ◽  
Thao Thi Thu Nguyen ◽  
Thuy Anh Vu Pham
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Group 1

<div><p class="AbstractTitle"><strong>Objectives:</strong> To compare periodontal status of chronic kidney disease patients with those in non-chronic kidney disease patients and to explore the relationship between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease in a group of Vietnamese.</p></div><p class="AbstractContent"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross sectional study was conducted on 240 adults including 120 chronic kidney disease patients (group 1) and 120non-chronic kidney disease patients (group 2). The socio-demographic characteristic, dental and smoking habits were investigated by the questionnaire. Periodontal status (PPD, CAL, BOP) were examined. The periodontal status was compared between 2 groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between chronic kidney disease and periodontitis after adjusting related factors.</p><p class="AbstractContent"><strong>Results</strong>: The clinically periodontal parameters in group 1 were all higher compared to those in group 2 (p&lt;0.001). The OR for periodontitis in patients who with age more than 60 years or brushed their teeth less than 2 times per day or had no scaling or in current smokers or with chronic kidney disease were 1.93; 4.27; 7.95; 4.21; 2.94 compared to counterparts, respectively (p&lt;0.05).</p><p class="AbstractContent"><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The periodontal status of chronic kidney disease patients was found worse than those in non-chronic kidney disease patients. The chronic kidney disease was significantly related to periodontitis.</p>

scholarly journals Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease and Poor Diagnostic Accuracy of Dipstick Proteinuria in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals: A Multicenter Study in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Yanagisawa ◽  
Takashi Muramatsu ◽  
Tomohiko Koibuchi ◽  
Akihiro Inui ◽  
Yusuke Ainoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Dipstick Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kdigo Guidelines

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become one of the common comorbid conditions affecting the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) population. Human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals are at increased risk of developing CKD, and they are likely to experience faster progression of renal dysfunction compared with HIV-uninfected individuals. Albuminuria represents not only kidney damage but also manifests metabolic syndrome and vascular dysfunction. Methods We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional study involving 2135 HIV-infected individuals in Japan to test the prevalence of CKD and proteinuria/albuminuria. Urine sample was analyzed by both dipstick test and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) assay. Chronic kidney disease was classified according to the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/DOQI) and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines. The diagnostic performance of dipstick test to detect albuminuria (ACR ≥30 mg/g) was evaluated. Results The prevalence of CKD, evaluated by K/DOQI and KDIGO guidelines, was 15.8% and 20.4%, respectively. Age, total cholesterol level, prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hepatitis C infection tended to increase, whereas levels of hemoglobin, serum albumin, and CD4 cell count tended to decrease as CKD risk grades progressed. Proteinuria and albuminuria were present in 8.9% and 14.5% of individuals, respectively. Dipstick test ≥1+ to detect albuminuria had an overall sensitivity of 44.9% and specificity of 97.2%. Conclusions The KDIGO guideline may enable physicians to capture HIV-infected patients at increased risk more effectively. The sensitivity of dipstick proteinuria to detect albuminuria is so poor that it may not serve as an alternative in HIV-infected individuals.

Racial disparities in renal function: the role of racial discrimination. The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 1027-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidyane V Camelo ◽  
Luana Giatti ◽  
Roberto Marini Ladeira ◽  
Rosane Harter Griep ◽  
José Geraldo Mill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Black And White

BackgroundRacial discrimination may play a significant role in higher incidence and poorer prognosis of chronic kidney disease among Black individuals. This study set out to investigate the association between racial discrimination and renal function and to estimate the contribution of racial discrimination to existing racial disparities in renal function.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis using baseline data (2008–2010) of 14 355 participants (35–74 years) in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health cohort study. Renal function was estimated based on estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) obtained by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. Racial discrimination was assessed using a modified version of the Lifetime Major Events Scale ; race/colour was self-reported. Covariates included were age, sex, level of education and selected health-related factors.ResultsRacial discrimination was reported by 31.6%, 6.3% and 0.8% of Black, Brown and White individuals, respectively. The older the age, the lower the prevalence of racial discrimination among Blacks. Racial discrimination was independently associated with lower mean eGFR (β=−2.38; 95% CI −3.50 to −1.25); however, associations were limited to individuals aged under 55 years. In this age group, eGFR differences between Black and White individuals were reduced by 31% when exposure to racial discrimination was accounted for.ConclusionBlacks are approximately 40 times more likely to report racial discrimination than Whites. Racial discrimination was associated with lower mean eGFR and explained a significant portion of eGFR differences between Black and White individuals aged under 55 years. Exposure to experiences of racial discrimination should be accounted for in studies investigating racial disparities in renal function.

scholarly journals INCREASED FLUID INTAKE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Rismia Agustina ◽  
Eka Setiawati ◽  
Ghina Pangestika ◽  
Nor Hayatunnisa Hayatunnisa ◽  
Rosina Apriani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Family Support ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Chronic Kidney Failure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Some of the main nursing problems that arise in patients with chronic kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis are problems with excess fluid volume.The aim of this study was to describe increased fluid intake in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis at Ulin General Hospital of Banjarmasin.Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study. 80 respondents were taken using consecutive sampling. The instruments used in this study were questionnaire of demographic, knowledge, attitude, family support, involvement of health workers and Inter-Dialytic Weight Gain (IDWG) calculation sheets.Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents were women (53.8%), the education of respondents was high school (28.8%), the average age of respondents was 48.19 years old, most respondents had been undergoing hemodialysis for less than 12 months (57.5%), the frequency of hemodialysis was 2 times each week (93.8%), the level of knowledge was good (42.5%) and moderate (42.5%), the family support was good (86.3%), the attitude was positive (55%), the involvement of health workers was good (60%), and the majority of respondents had moderate IDWG criteria (47.5%).Conclusion: Almost half of patients with chronic kidney disease who were undergoing hemodialysis at Ulin General Hospital of Banjarmasin had moderate IDWG. Further study is needed to investigate related factors of excessive fluid intake in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Eligibility and patient barriers to peritoneal dialysis in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 089686082199820
Author(s):  
Saleem Abdulkarim ◽  
Jasmit Shah ◽  
Ahmed Twahir ◽  
Ahmed P Sokwala
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kidney Replacement Therapy ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: The burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing in Kenya and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. While definitive treatment is renal transplantation, many patients require kidney replacement therapy with haemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD). The predominant modality utilized in Kenya is currently HD. There is a need to explore why PD remains underutilized and whether patient factors may be contributory to barriers that limit the uptake of PD. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study where patients with advanced CKD were assessed by a multidisciplinary team for PD eligibility using a standardized tool. Contraindications and barriers to the modality were recorded as was the presence or absence of support for the provision of PD. Demographic and clinical data were recorded using a standardized questionnaire. The impact of support on PD eligibility was determined. Results: We found that 68.9% patients were eligible for PD. Surgery-related abdominal scarring was the most common contraindication. Barriers to PD were identified in 45.9% and physical barriers were more common than cognitive barriers. Presence of support was associated with a significant increase in PD eligibility ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: The rate of eligibility for PD in this study was similar to that found in other populations. Surgical-related factors were the most commonly identified contraindication. Physical and cognitive barriers were commonly identified and may be overcome by the presence of support for PD.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study examining the accuracy of self-reported smoking status as compared to urinary cotinine levels among workers at risk for chronic kidney disease of unknown origin in Guatemala

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e050374
Author(s):  
Jaime Butler-Dawson ◽  
Joaquin Barnoya ◽  
Stephen Brindley ◽  
Lyndsay Krisher ◽  
Wenyi Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Agricultural Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urinary Cotinine

ObjectivesThere is a lack of information on cotinine levels in rural populations in low-income and middle-income countries like Guatemala. Therefore, there is a need to explore smoking status and biomarkers of tobacco use in epidemiological research in rural, low-income populations, in particular those at-risk for chronic kidney disease of unknown origin (CKDu).DesignWe evaluated self-reported smoking status against urinary cotinine levels, the gold standard biomarker of tobacco smoke exposure, among agricultural workers at four separate cross-sectional time points.SettingGuatemala.Participants283 sugarcane workers.Primary outcome measuresCompared self-reported smoking status and urinary cotinine levels in two agricultural worker studies.ResultsSelf-reported smoking prevalence was 12% among workers. According to cotinine levels (≥50 ng/mL), the smoking prevalence was 34%. Self-reported smoking status had 28% sensitivity and 96% specificity. Urinary cotinine levels show that smoking prevalence is underestimated in this worker population.ConclusionsAccording to our findings, smoking status should be objectively measured with biomarkers rather than self-reported in CKDu epidemiological research. Self-reported smoking status is likely an underestimate of the true smoking prevalence among agricultural workers. Research on the CKDu epidemic in Central America and other parts of the world might be underestimating tobacco exposure as a potential contributor to the development of CKDu.

scholarly journals Association between hyperlipidemia and chronic kidney disease in a Japanese population; a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko AGO SHIRAISHI ◽  
Yukiko ISHIKAWA ◽  
Joji ISHIKAWA ◽  
Masami MATSUMURA ◽  
Shizukiyo ISHIKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Strategies to prevent the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are now an important theme in clinical practice due to increased life expectancy. The present study investigated the prevalence of CKD as well as lipid profiles affecting CKD. Methods In total, 5,169 subjects were eligible for a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the Jichi Medical School Cohort Study. We examined CKD subjects with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 59 (mL/min/1.73m2) or lower and independent factors associated with reductions in eGFR. Results The prevalence of CKD was 17.7%. Age, systolic blood pressure, and hyperlipidemia were defined as related factors for CKD. The lowest, second, third, and highest quartile ranges of total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were 0-166, 167–188, 189–212, and 213 mg/dL or higher and 0–71, 72–100, 101–148, and 149 mg/dL or higher, respectively. The odds ratio (OR) of Q2 to Q4 of TC relative to that of Q1 for CKD increased linearly [OR (95%CI): Q2, 1.3 (1.0-1.7); Q3, 1.38 (1.1–1.8); Q4, 1.5 (1.4–2.4)]. The ORs of Q2 and Q3 of TG for CKD did not increase, whereas that of Q4 did [OR (95% CI): Q2, 0.95 (0.7–1.2); Q3, 0.98 (0.8–1.2); Q4, 1.21 (1.0-1.5)]. Conclusion TC and TG elevations were both independently associated with CKD. The relationship with CKD became stronger as TC increased, and TG was considered to have a threshold of 149 mg/dL. Prospective studies are expected in the future.

scholarly journals Association between hyperlipidemia and chronic kidney disease in a Japanese population; a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko AGO SHIRAISHI ◽  
Yukiko ISHIKAWA ◽  
Joji ISHIKAWA ◽  
Masami MATSUMURA ◽  
Shizukiyo ISHIKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Strategies to prevent the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are important in clinical practice due to increased life expectancy. The present study investigated the prevalence of CKD as well as lipid profiles affecting CKD, especially triglyceride (TG) levels.Methods: In total, 5,169 subjects were eligible for a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the Jichi Medical School Cohort Study. We examined CKD subjects with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 59 mL/min/1.73m2 or lower and independent factors associated with reductions in eGFR.Results: The prevalence of CKD was 17.7%. Age, systolic blood pressure, and hyperlipidemia were defined as related factors for CKD. The lowest, second, third, and highest quartile ranges of total cholesterol (TC) and TG were 0-166, 167-188, 189-212, and 213 mg/dL or higher and 0-71, 72-100, 101-148, and 149 mg/dL or higher, respectively. The odds ratio (OR) of Q2 to Q4 of TC relative to that of Q1 for CKD increased linearly (OR [95%CI]: Q2, 1.3 [1.0-1.7]; Q3, 1.38 [1.1-1.8]; Q4, 1.5 [1.4-2.4]). The ORs of Q2 and Q3 of TG for CKD did not increase, whereas that of Q4 did (OR [95% CI]: Q2, 0.95 [0.7-1.2]; Q3, 0.98 [0.8-1.2]; Q4, 1.21 [1.0-1.5]). Conclusion: Increases in TC and TG levels were both independently associated with CKD. The relationship with CKD became stronger as TC increased, and the TG had threshold was 149 mg/dL.

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