scholarly journals Bacterial Infections Profile and Patterns for Diabetic Foot Ulcers in Nongovernmental Hospitals of Jordan

Author(s):  
Hashem A. Abu-Harirah ◽  
Ammar Saleem ◽  
Haytham M. Daradka ◽  
Ali Ahmad Abu Siyam ◽  
Audai Jamal Al Qudah ◽  
...  

Background: Many types of infection can cause diabetic foot ulcers Infections involving the bacteria; E. coli, Acinetobacter spp (MDR) and K. pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, so the assessment of Bacterial profile and patterns is needed to understand the source and management of these injuries. Objective: To determine Bacterial infections profile and patterns for diabetic foot ulcers in nongovernmental. Method: During a period of eleven months, 148 patients with diabetic mellitus foot syndrome (DMFS). Patients were involved, out of 130 which foot ulceration infections. data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. p value was set at <0.05. Results: Out of 607 Patients with diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) were 130 out of 148 with diabetic mellitus foot syndrome (DMFS). Diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) therefore contributed 20.3% of DMFS among these subjects. Microbiological culture pattern was total of    17 different pathogenic microorganisms were isolated from the participants, one yeast and 16 types of bacteria, from the diabetic foot swabs for ulcers. S. aureus  was the most frequent pathogen followed by E.coli  then Acinetobacter spp (MDR) and K. pneumonia, then pseudomonas aeruginosa , then p. mirabilis then  Streptococcus agalactiae ( group b) then (Enitrobacteria spp and pseudomonas spp and Candida spp and P. vulgaris and K. oxytoca ESBL) then S. viridanse and Enterobacter spp ESBL and Staphylococcus coag. negative). The Enterobacter spp ESBL was the less frequent pathogen. Conclusion: Diabetic Foot Ulcerations (DFU), is forming about a quarter of the diabetic patient’s tissue infections, the causative agents were bacterial and fungal(yeast). Most of the causative pathogens were; Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter spp (MDR). The risk of development of High resistant drug isolates of diabetic foot ulcers to be multidrug resistance were high by 53% of total isolated pathogens specially with K. pneumonia (K. pneumoniae), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Proteus mirabilis bacterial.

Author(s):  
GF PEREIRA ◽  
M BALMITH ◽  
M NELL

Objective: A chronic wound fails to progress through the phases of wound healing in an orderly and appropriate process, and poses a major challenge to wound care professionals. Pressure ulcers (PUs) and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are classified as chronic wounds. Antiseptics, such as povidone-iodine (PVP-I), are often used to treat bacterial infections in chronic wounds; however, their efficacy and ability to accelerate wound healing has come into question. As a result, current medical research is now focusing on alternative and natural antiseptic agents, such as honey, for the treatment of chronic wounds. The aim of this study was to analyze the wound healing effects of honey in PU and DFU treatment in comparison to standard antiseptic care. Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ClinicalKey was conducted to identify all published data of clinical trials and narrative reviews that investigated or reported the use of honey and standard antiseptics in the treatment of PUs and DFUs in adults. A keyword search was then performed using the following keywords: “PUs”, “DFUs”, “antiseptics”, “PVP-I”, “honey”, “Manuka honey (MH)”, and “wound healing”. Database restrictions were implemented based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, notably the report’s availability, completion status and language, the sample populations’ age, as well as, the date of publication. A preferred reporting item for systematic review and meta-analysis (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyzes) diagram was constructed illustrating the study selection process. The eligibility of articles was assessed by the screening of titles, abstracts and full texts. A total of 12 articles were included in this study comprising of 775 patients with PUs, DFUs or a combination of PUs and DFUs. Results: Results indicated that honey reduced bacterial infection, reduced pain and edema experienced by patients, reduced the odor of the wound and promoted wound healing in the treatment of chronic ulcers. Honey was also found to be effective in the process of debridement and exudate removal. Conclusion: Honey was found to be highly effective in the treatment of PUs and DFUs and should be considered as an alternative to standard antiseptic care in the treatment of chronic wounds. However, the literature in this study is limited and so further research into honey and its antiseptic-promoting activity in wound healing is recommended.


2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8831
Author(s):  
Wei-Chun Lin ◽  
Cheng-Ming Tang

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) caused by diabetes are prone to serious and persistent infections. If not treated properly, it will cause tissue necrosis or septicemia due to peripheral blood vessel embolism. Therefore, it is an urgent challenge to accelerate wound healing and reduce the risk of bacterial infection in patients. In clinical practice, DFUs mostly use hydrogel dressing to cover the surface of the affected area as an auxiliary treatment. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a hydrophilic hydrogel polymer widely used in dressings, drug delivery, and medical applications. However, due to its weak bioactivity and antibacterial ability, leads to limited application. Filler adding is a useful way to enhance the biocompatibility of PVA. In our study, cobalt-substituted hydroxyapatite (CoHA) powder was prepared by the electrochemically-deposited method. PVA and PVA-CoHA nanocomposite were prepared by the solvent casting method. The bioactivity of the PVA and composite was evaluated by immersed in simulated body fluid for 7 days. In addition, L929 cells and E. coli were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity and antibacterial tests of PVA and PVA-CoHA nanocomposite. The results show that the addition of CoHA increases the mechanical properties and biological activity of PVA. Biocompatibility evaluation showed no significant cytotoxicity of PVA-CoHA composite. In addition, a small amount of cobalt ion was released to the culture medium from the nanocomposite in the cell culture period and enhanced cell growth. The addition of CoHA also confirmed that it could inhibit the growth of E. coli. PVA-CoHA composite may have potential applications in diabetic trauma healing and wound dressing.


2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald A. Sage ◽  
Julie Kate Webster ◽  
Susan Gross Fisher

In a retrospective review of 233 cases of diabetic foot ulceration preceded by minor trauma, 192 ulcerations exhibited focal pressure keratosis as the preceding traumatic event. The frequency of outpatient visits and other foot care interventions were correlated with the occurrence and severity of ulceration. Patients seen more frequently in an outpatient foot clinic had less severe ulcers and were less likely to undergo surgical treatment than those with less frequent visits. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 91(6): 275-279, 2001)


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliva Suyen Ningsih ◽  
Kornelia Romana Iwa ◽  
Maria Getrida Simon ◽  
Kataria Anastasia Sinar

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Manggarai Regency in 2019 is 535 people and some of them have diabetic foot ulcers. Patients with diabetic foot ulcers had a higher risk of falling than others.This study was to determine the risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers and the risk of falls in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A quantitative study using a cross-sectional study was conducted at BLUD RSUD dr. Ben Mboi  in April-June 2020 (n = 51).The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a questionnaire of diabetic foot screening and risk stratification form and Morse scale. Logistic regression results showed that there was a significant relationship between claudication (AOR: 8.409, 95% CI 1.664-42.500, p value 0.010), history of previous diabetic foot ulcers (AOR: 5,680, 95% CI 1,151-28,035, p value 0.033) with diabetic foot ulcers. There was a significant relationship between hypertension (AOR: 0.152, 95% CI 0.028-0.834, p value 0.030), diabetic foot ulcers (AOR: 11.392, 95% CI 1.277-101.651, p value 0.029) with the risk of falling for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.  Assessment of the risk of diabetic foot ulcers and the risk of falls should be done in patients with diabetes mellitus with or without neuropathy peripheral


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lazo-Porras ◽  
Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz ◽  
Alvaro Taype-Rondan ◽  
Robert H. Gilman ◽  
German Malaga ◽  
...  

Background: Novel approaches to reduce diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) in low- and middle-income countries are needed. Our objective was to compare incidence of DFUs in the thermometry plus mobile health (mHealth) reminders (intervention) vs. thermometry-only (control). Methods: We conducted a randomized trial enrolling adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus at risk of foot ulcers (risk groups 2 or 3) but without foot ulcers at the time of recruitment, and allocating them to control (instruction to use a liquid crystal-based foot thermometer daily) or intervention (same instruction supplemented with text and voice messages with reminders to use the device and messages to promote foot care) groups, and followed for 18 months. The primary outcome was time to occurrence of DFU. A process evaluation was also conducted. Results: A total of 172 patients (63% women, mean age 61 years) were enrolled; 86 to each study group. More patients enrolled in the intervention arm had a history of previous DFU (66% vs. 48%). Follow-up for the primary endpoint was complete for 158 of 172 participants (92%). Adherence to ≥80% of daily temperature measurements was 87% (103 of 118) among the study participants who returned the logbook. DFU cumulative incidence was 24% (19 of 79) in the intervention arm and 11% (9 of 79) in the control arm. After adjusting for history of foot ulceration and study site, the hazard ratio (HR) for DFU was 1.44 (95% CI 0.65, 3.22). Conclusions: In our study, conducted in a low-income setting, the addition of mHealth to foot thermometry was not effective in reducing foot ulceration. Importantly, there was a higher rate of previous DFU in the intervention group, the adherence to thermometry was high, and the expected rates of DFU used in our sample size calculations were not met. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02373592 (27/02/2015)


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-300
Author(s):  
Suyanto Suyanto ◽  
Dwi Sulistyowati

Improving motivation and self-efication of type 2 diabetics in prevention of diabetic foot ulcers and infections using group supportBackground: Management of DM (Diabetics) patients according to expectations requires a variety of support, one of them is group support such as the Persadia Club as an organization that helps people with diabetes to manage disease conditions become more controlled. Through group support, motivation and self-efficacy which are important factors in diabetes care behavior will increase. Thus the main action in the prevention of diabetic foot in the form of routine foot care will be carried out by the person with diabetes optimally.Purpose: To determine the effect of group support on motivation and self-efficacy of type 2 diabetics in prevention of diabetic foot ulcers and infectionsMethods: The study design was a quasi-experimental one pre group test one group method to see if there were differences in motivation and self-efficacy in diabetic foot care before and after group support. The study was conducted in May to August 2019 at the Surakarta City Persada Club as a population and a sample of 135 respondentResults: Research shows that there are differences in the self-efficacy of people with diabetes before and after getting group support with p value = 0,000. Thus the hypothesis that the influence of group support on self-efficacy is accepted. Furthermore, the results obtained that there are differences in motivation to take preventive measures for diabetes feet between before and after group support is given with a p value = 0,000. This means that the hypothesis that there is an influence of group support on motivation for diabetic foot prevention.Conclusion: As a suggestion, it is expected that people with diabetes through the Persadia club will always be supported so that their motivation and efficacy is high so that the diabetic foot care measures will be optimally carried out. Keywords: Motivation; Self-Efication; Type 2 Diabetics; Prevention; Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Infections; Group SupportPendahuluan: Pengelolaan pasien DM (Diabetisi) yang sesuai harapan memerlukan berbagai dukungan salah satu diantaranya yaitu dukungan kelompok seperti Club persadia sebagai organisasi yang membantu para diabetisi untuk mengelola kondisi penyakit  menjadi lebih terkontrol. Melalui dukungan kelompok  maka motivasi dan efikasi diri yang merupakan faktor penting dalam perilaku perawatan diabetes akan meningkat. Dengan demikian tindakan utama dalam  pencegahan kaki diabetik berupa tindakan perawatan kaki secara rutin akan dilakukan para diabetisi dengan optimal.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh dukungan kelompok terhadap motivasi dan efikasi diri  penderita diabetes tipe 2 dalam pencegahan kaki diabetikMetode : Rancangan penelitian berupa kuasi eksperimen dengan metode pre post test one group untuk melihat apakah terdapat perbedaan  motivasi dan  efikasi diri dalam tindakan perawatan kaki diabetik sebelum dan sesudah mendapat dukungan kelompok.  Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei hingga Agustus 2019 pada Club Persadia Kota Surakarta  sebagai populasi dan diambil sampel sebanyak 135 respondenHasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan efikasi diri para diabetisi sebelum dan sesudah mendapt dukungan kelompok dengan p value = 0,000,  Dengan demikian hipotesis terdapat pengaruh dukungan kelompok terhadap efikasi diri diterima. Selanjutnya diperoleh hasil bahwa terdapat perbedaan motivasi melakukan tindakan perawatan pencegahan kaki diabetes antara sebelum dan sesudah diberikan dukungan kelompok dengan nilai p value= 0,000.  Hal ini berarti hipotesis terdapat pengaruh dukungan kelompok terhadap motivasi tindakan perawatan pencegahan kaki diabetis.Simpulan: Sebagai saran diharapkan para diabetisi melalui club Persadia selalu diberi dukungan agar motivasi dan efikasi dirinya tinggi sehingga tindakan perawatan kaki diabetik akan optimal dilakukan


Author(s):  
Fahruddin Kurdi ◽  
Ratna Puji Priyanti

ABSTRAK Jumlah penderita DM (diabetes melitus) saat ini semakin meningkat. Salah satu komplikasi yang terjadi yaitu DFU (diabetic foot ulcers). Banyak cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah DFU, salah satunya dengan diabetic foot exercise. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas diabetic foot exercise terhadap risiko dfu (diabetic foot ulcers) pasien diabetes mellitus. Penelitian menggunakan design pre-eksperimen dengan pendekatan one-group pra-post test design. Populasi penderita diabetes yang berjumlah 60 orang, besar sampel 40 orang yang diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Resiko DFU dinilai menggunakan inlow’s 60-second diabetic foot screening tool dengan metode observasi. Analisa data menggunakan uji statistik Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa sebelum dilakukan diabetic foot exercise sebagian besar reponden mempunyai risiko sedang sebanyak 30 orang (75%), sesudah dilakukan diabetic foot exercise diperoleh bahwa sebagian besar responden risiko rendah sebanyak 32 orang (80%). Uji statistik Wilcoxon diperoleh nilai p value = 0,001 dimana nilai p value<α (0,05) yang berarti ada pengaruh diabetic foot exercise terhadap risiko diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetes foot exercise sangat efektif untuk penderita diabetes dalam mencegah risiko DFU. Penderita diabetes dapat melakukan diabetic foot exercise 2 kali dalam seminggu secara teratur.  Kata Kunci : Diabetes mellitus, Diabetic foot ulcers, diabetic foot exercise


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1540
Author(s):  
Sailendranath Paul ◽  
Dilip Kumar Das

Background: Diabetic ulcers are the most common foot injuries leading to lower extremity amputation. The present study was done to identify the incidence and related risk factors of diabetic foot ulcers in study participants.Methods: This was a prospective done on 50 patients with diabetic foot ulcers. All the patients were examined thoroughly and related laboratory investigations were done. Wound culture and sensitivity was done in all cases.Results: Mean age of onset with foot ulcers was 53.5 yrs in male and 55 yrs in females. Nephropathy was present in 12 (24%) patients. Sensorimotor neuropathy was present in 29 (58%) cases and autonomic neuropathy was present in 06 (12%) cases. Most common infection identified in diabetic foot ulcers was due to gram-negative bacteria (E. coli in 45 cases). Major amputation was done in 2 (4%) patients.Conclusions: Implementation of management strategies at early stages prevents the development of complications related to diabetic foot ulcers in patients. 


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ali Shabhay ◽  
Pius Horumpende ◽  
Martin Mujuni ◽  
Edna-Joy Munisi ◽  
Stephen Mshana ◽  
...  

Abstract Background. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) is among major health problems which impact the socio economic burden globally. We aimed at assessing the susceptibility pattern of antimicrobials in DFU infections among patients admitted in the Surgical Department at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC). Methods. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2018 through March 2019. Pus swabs were collected on the first day of admission by deep wound swabbing after irrigation with normal saline solution. Kirby-Bauer method was done according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results. Sixty diabetic ulcer patients had 62 bacterial isolates. Majority of the isolates were gram negative 49/62(79.03%). The most common isolate was Escherichia coli 15/62(24.19%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14/62(22.58%), Proteus mirabilis 8/62(12.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus 5/62(8.06%). Klebsiella pneumoniae, Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus, Proteus Vulgaris, and Streptococcus pyogenes each contributed 4/62(6.25%) isolates. Of the 49/62(79.3%) gram negative isolates, 8/49(16.33%) were mono resistant, 30/49(61.22%) were multiresistant, and 11/49(22.45%) were susceptible. Of the multi-resistant isolates, E. coli 12/15(80.00%), and P.aeruginosa 7/14(50.00%) were predominant. A total of 39/62(62.90%) isolates in patients contributed to poorer outcomes including loss of body part. Patients with ulcers infected by P. aeruginosa 11/39 (28.21%) had the highest number of surgical removal of body parts followed by E. coli 8/39(20.51%). Gram negative bacteria were highly susceptible to amikacin 91.18%, meropenem 93.33% and imipenem 95.24%. Isolates susceptibility to ceftriaxone was 32%. Conclusions. Amikacin, meropenem and imipenem can be safely used as broad-spectrum antimicrobials in DFU. The Standard of care remains culture and sensitivity of isolated microorganisms in combating diabetic foot ulcers infections.


Author(s):  
Tommy Kartono ◽  
Muhammad Nuralim Mallapasi ◽  
Mulawardi Mulawardi ◽  
Sachraswaty R. Laidding ◽  
Meiliati Aminyoto ◽  
...  

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are one of the leading causes of amputation in non-traumatic patients. This research aimed to investigate the correlation between the level of HDL cholesterol and the severity level of diabetic foot ulcer based on Wagner classification. The study conducted at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia.Methods: This is an observational study with the cross-sectional design. The data collected before and after the treatment. The change of the levels of HDL cholesterol and the severity level of the diabetic foot ulcer based on Wagner classification during the treatment were analyzed. Data analyzed using Spearman Correlation test, the paired t-test to assess the change in the levels of HDL cholesterol and the levels of severity of diabetic foot ulcer based on Wagner classification at the time admission and after the treatment.  ANOVA test was used to observe the reduction significance of the severity of diabetic foot ulcer based on Wagner classification, and it was categorized as significant if p<0.05.Results: The results indicated that there is a correlation between the level of HDL cholesterol and the severity level of diabetic foot ulcer based on Wagner classification either at the early treatment with p-value = 0.003 (r = - 0.448) and the end of the treatment with p-value = 0.001(r = - 0.477).  The lower of the level of cholesterol HDL, the higher was the severity level of the diabetic foot ulcer. Meanwhile, the correlation between the increase of the level of HDL cholesterol and the reduction of Wagner classification during the treatment was statistically insignificant with p-value = 0.100 (r = - 0.215).Conclusions: there was a correlation between elevated HDL cholesterol levels during treatment with Wagner classification decrease during treatment, the higher the HDL change, the higher the Wagner classification, but this was weak correlation and statistically insignificant.


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