scholarly journals A Correlative Study of Endometrial Glycogen Content in Female Infertility

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Archana Rajan ◽  
B. O. Parijatham ◽  
Vindu Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Glycogen Depletion ◽  
Secretory Phase ◽  
Correlative Study ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Global Problem ◽  
Infertile Patients ◽  
Fertile Women

Infertility is a global problem. It has been viewed as a discredit and social humiliation thrust upon healthy young adults. The present detects the glycogen content in the endometrial glands of infertile women in the age group of 18 -39 years. This study aimed to compare infertility and the glycogen content in the endometrial glands of fertile women of the same age group. The endometrium is the tissue of attention because it is the site for implantation of ovum. The current study was done to evaluate the glycogen content in the endometrium of infertile patients and compare it with that of fertile patients. This study was done on 60 cases and 20 controls. Our study showed that large masses of glycogen (++++) was seen in only 7 secretory endometria in infertile cases (14.9%) when compared to 14 secretory endometria infertile subjects (77.7%). Also, endometrial glycogen grading in the secretory phase in infertile patients showed glycogen depletion (Grade 0) in 13 cases (27.7%) whereas it was nil in the fertile group. Glycogen is an essential and straight source of nutrient for the primary concepts and also helps in the successful implantation of blastocyst and continuation of pregnancy.

scholarly journals A Two-Cohort RNA-seq Study Reveals Changes in Endometrial and Blood miRNome in Fertile and Infertile Women

Genes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadri Rekker ◽  
Signe Altmäe ◽  
Marina Suhorutshenko ◽  
Maire Peters ◽  
Juan F. Martinez-Blanch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Small Rna Sequencing ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Recurrent Implantation Failure ◽  
Secretory Phase ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Secretory Endometrium ◽  
Fertile Women

The endometrium undergoes extensive changes to prepare for embryo implantation and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been described as playing a significant role in the regulation of endometrial receptivity. However, there is no consensus about the miRNAs involved in mid-secretory endometrial functions. We analysed the complete endometrial miRNome from early secretory (pre-receptive) and mid-secretory (receptive) phases from fertile women and from patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) to reveal differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in the mid-secretory endometrium. Furthermore, we investigated whether the overall changes during early to mid-secretory phase transition and with RIF condition could be reflected in blood miRNA profiles. In total, 116 endometrial and 114 matched blood samples collected from two different population cohorts were subjected to small RNA sequencing. Among fertile women, 91 DE miRNAs were identified in the mid-secretory vs. early secretory endometrium, while no differences were found in the corresponding blood samples. The comparison of mid-secretory phase samples between fertile and infertile women revealed 21 DE miRNAs from the endometrium and one from blood samples. Among discovered novel miRNAs, chr2_4401 was validated and showed up-regulation in the mid-secretory endometrium. Besides novel findings, we confirmed the involvement of miR-30 and miR-200 family members in mid-secretory endometrial functions.

scholarly journals MicroRNA Biogenesis Machinery Is Dysregulated in the Endometrium of Infertile Women Suggesting a Role in Receptivity and Infertility

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 589-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Loke ◽  
Kate Rainczuk ◽  
Evdokia Dimitriadis
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Unexplained Infertility ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Secretory Phase ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Normal Fertility ◽  
Human Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Late Secretory Phase ◽  
Fertile Women

MicroRNAs (miRs) regulate endometrial function and their dysregulation could underlie unexplained infertility in women. Ribonucleases including DICER and DROSHA, and the proteins, ARGONAUTE 1 (AGO 1) and 2 (AGO 2) regulate the biogenesis/maturation of miRs. We aimed to elucidate the expression and localization of miR biogenesis machinery components during the human menstrual cycle and compare their levels in endometrium from women with normal fertility and primary unexplained infertility. miR biogenesis components were measured by quantitative-RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. In the endometrium of women with normal fertility, DROSHA immunolocalized maximally to the epithelium during the early and mid-secretory phases compared with the proliferative and late-secretory phases. Stromal DICER immunostaining intensity was higher in the late-secretory phase compared with all other phases in fertile women. DROSHA mRNA was reduced in the mid-secretory-infertile whole endometrial tissue (has all cells of the tissue), and primary epithelial and stromal cells while no differences were found in DICER, AGO1, and AGO2 mRNA. In the luminal epithelium, DROSHA staining intensity was reduced in early and mid-secretory-infertile while DICER staining was reduced in the early secretory-infertile compared with their respective fertile groups. DICER and DROSHA were dynamically regulated across the menstrual cycle and reduced levels during receptivity phase could underlie implantation failure/infertility.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF CERVICAL CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN INFERTILE WOMEN

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Gupta ◽  
Abhilasha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Pap Smear ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cancer Cervix ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Cytological Abnormalities ◽  
Infertile Patients ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Background: Infertility is a global problem, affecting approximately one-fifth of couples trying to conceive. With the incidence similar in most countries independent of the level of the country’s development. Methods: The hospital based prospective study was conducted on 50 women of reproductive age group who were in the follicular phase of their cycle and had primary and secondary infertility Results: On pap smear 77.14% patients were present NILM, 15.71% patients were present ASC-US, 4.29% patients were present inflammatory and 1.42% patients were present HSIL & LSIL. Conclusion: We observed that infertile patients may benefit from cervical cytological screening as they show a higher tendency for cervical cytological abnormalities. It is recommended to increase the awareness of the population about the importance of cancer cervix screening programs. Keywords: pap smear, cancer cervix, ASC-US, HSIL, LSIL.

UTERINE MICROBIOME IN HEALTHY FERTILE WOMEN AND IN CASE OF ENDOMETRIUM PATHOLOGY IN MULTIPLE FAILURES OF IN-VITRO-FERTILIZATION PROGRAMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (37) ◽  
pp. 293-308
Author(s):  
Victoria Vladislavovna BARINOVA ◽  
Natalya Borisovna KUZNETSOVA ◽  
Irina Olegovna BUSHTYREVA ◽  
Oksana Stanislavna OKSENYUK ◽  
Alexander Evgenievich SHATALOV
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diagnostic Technologies ◽  
Infertile Patients ◽  
Fertile Women

Background: Thanks to new diagnostic technologies, it is of no doubt that the uterus is no longer considered to be sterile. A disturbed microbiome of endometrium can be a significant reason for preterm birth, infertility, the recurrence of pregnancy loss, and repeated implantation failures in in-vitro-fertilization programs. Aim: Study the endometrial microbiome features in healthy fertile women and in women with multiple in-vitro-fertilization failures. Methods: To assess the differences in the endometrial microbiota of 20 women with infertility and experiencing multiple unsuccessful attempts of in-vitro-fertilization and 15 fertile, healthy women, endometrial microbiome was studied using an NGS of 16S rRNA. Results and Discussion: Lactobacillus (29.4%), Comamonas (16.8%), and Mesorhizobium (6.0%) were the most abundant genera in group of healthy fertile patients, and Lactobacillus (33.3%), Ralstonia (7.9%) and Pediococcus (4.8%) were most abundant in the group of infertile patients. The mean relative abundance of Lactobacillus did not significantly differ between groups and comprised 33.3% in the group of infertile women and 29.4% in healthy fertile women. A considerably higher mean relative abundance of bacteria of the genus Brevundimonas and Ralstonia was recorded in the group of infertile women. The fertile women had a statistically significantly higher mean relative abundance of Acidovorax, Brevibacillus, Caulobacter, Comamonas, Delftia, Distigma, Pseudomonas, Schlegelella, and Thermus. Conclusions: The presented data confirm that endometrium is not a sterile tissue despite long-standing concepts concerning its sterility. Lactobacillus are dominant genera; however, there is no absolute dominance of Lactobacillus over 90%. The mean relative abundance of Lactobacillus in the uterine microbiome in fertile patients and patients with multiple in-vitro-fertilization failures did not differ.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF CERVICAL CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN INFERTILE WOMEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamta Choudhary ◽  
Dharmpal Godara
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Cytological Abnormalities ◽  
Infertile Patients ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Background: Assessment of cervical cytomorphological changes in infertile women.  Methods: The hospital based prospective study was conducted on 50 women of reproductive age group who were in the follicular phase of their cycle and had primary and secondary infertility Results: On pap smear 80.00% patients were present NILM, 12.00% patients were present ASC-US, 4.00% patients were present inflammatory and 2.00% patients were present HSIL & LSIL. Conclusion: We observed that infertile patients, may benefit from cervical cytological screening as they show a higher tendency for cervical cytological abnormalities. Keywords: ASC-US, HSIL, LSIL.

scholarly journals Patterns Of Hysterosalpingographic Findings In Infertile Patients Presenting In A Tertiary Care Hospital Of Quetta

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 299-302
Author(s):  
Pari Gul ◽  
Shama Jogezai ◽  
Fahmida Naheed ◽  
Palwasha Gul
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Tubal Blockage ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Infertile Patients

Objective: To study the different patterns of Hysterosalpingographic findings in women evaluated for infertility in a tertiary care hospital of Quetta. Setting and design: A crossectional study conducted at the Radiology Department of Bolan medical complex hospital, Quetta Methodology: A two year secondary data based study of hysterosalpingographic films were assessed, data of 338 infertile women investigated for infertility from July’ 2016 till June’ 2018. Hysterosalpingography examination was done in the preovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle. Results: Infertility was the main indication for all the hysterosalpingographic examinations with primary infertility the predominant infertility accounting for 186(55%) of all cases while secondary infertility constituted 152(45%) cases. Majority of the patients n=146(43%) were in the age group of 28-33 years as this is the peak age of reproduction. Out of the total 338 patients reviewed, normal hysterosalpingography finding with free peritoneal spill of contrast were seen in n=212(62%) cases. The most common abnormality revealed was tubal blockage among n=81 (24.2%) patients followed by hydrosalpinx n=23(6.5) %. Other abnormalities included loculated contrast spill, fibroids, Asherman syndrome and adenomyosis. Congenital anomalies were also seen of which arcuate uterus was seen commonly followed by bicornuate uterus. Conclusion: It was concluded that most of the HSG findings were normal, followed by tubal abnormalities in the age range from 28 to 33 years. Tubal occlusion and hydrosalpinx were the most common abnormal findings in this study.

Electron microscope study of the microgranules in human vaginal epithelium

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 568-569
Author(s):  
A. Campos ◽  
J. Vilches ◽  
J. Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Microscope Study ◽  
Intercellular Space ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Vaginal Epithelium ◽  
Vaginal Mucosa ◽  
Secretory Phase ◽  
Cervical Epithelium ◽  
Keratinized Epithelium ◽  
Fertile Women

Microgranules have been described with different names in keratinized and in nonkeratinized epithelium. In keratinized epithelium it seems clear that the microgranules are lamellated bodies bounded by a membrane which empty their contents into the intercellular space. Their existence in nonkeratinized epithelium is more debatable. Until now the so-called microgranules have been described in nonkeratinized bucal, lingual and cervical epithelium. In the present work we describe the morphology and nature of such structures in human vaginal epithelium.Biopsies from the midlevel of the vaginal mucosa were taken from voluntary fertile women. The specimens were divided into three groups with four vaginal specimens. The first group was obtained in the folicular phase; those of the second in the postovulatory phase and, finally, the last group corresponded to the secretory phase.

The correlation between the sociodemographic characteristics and some hormones with the infertility of women and men

10.32947/357 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Keyword(s):  
Soft Drink ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Overweight Group ◽  
Prolactin Hormone

Thirty three infertile women were divided into two groups according to their BMI (21 obese and 12 overweight) there age ranges between (16-41) years, with their husbands twenty one infertile men and twelve fertile men and their ages range between (23-46) years. In the present study we observed that several indicators affect the fertility such as BMI in infertile obese women which was 34.65 kg/m2. That is higher than that of overweight infertile women that recorded 24.87 kg/m2. obese housewives scored the highest percentage (85.71%) compared with the overweight group (25%), In addition the obese age group between 30-41 years scored (66.67%) compared with the overweight group whose members’ age 16-29.9 years scored 75%. However, drinking cola (soft drink) percentage in obese infertile women was (85.71%) and the tea consumption was higher in overweight group (66.67%). The hormones FSH and LH decrease in obese women but serum prolactin hormone increased twice about 29.27 ng/ml in comparison with overweight group. Testosterone hormone decreased in obese women but Leptin in obese women (19.52 μg/L) was higher than that of overweight women (11.03 μg/L). Infertile unemployed men got the highest percentage of 66.67%. Besides, the smoker infertile men were higher in percentage (80.95%) compared with fertile men 41.67%. The elevated LH, FSH and prolactin values are significantly high (p<0.01) (7.895 mlU/ml, 9.89 mlU/ml and 13.33 ng/ml) respectively, but the testosterone was significantly low (3.91 ng/dl) in comparison with fertile men(21.76ng/dl). Whileleptin significantly increased in infertile men more than the fertile ones. These changes in hormones have a great correlation with semen characteristics as the abnormalities in sperms increased to (64.52) and the percentage of rapid, progressive and non -progressive motility decreased, but the immotile motility was highly significant (65.71) in infertile men. As a result this indicates that the reason of infertility is shared between the wife and husband.

Sexual Dimorphism among the Kathmandu University Students Assessed by Anthropometric Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (05) ◽  
pp. 20469-20472
Author(s):  
Shakya R ◽  
Bhattacharya SC ◽  
Shrestha R
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
University Students ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Crime Detection ◽  
Males And Females

Objectives: To observe the sexual dimorphism among the young adult age group ranging from 18-21 years, of Kathmandu University students by measuring craniofacial circumference and canthal distances. Rationale of the study: These data could be useful for establishing the craniofacial standards and adds an implementation on plastic surgery, crime detection as well as in the industrial field. Method: 300 clinically normal students of Kathmandu University aged between 18-21 years were examined for the study. Fronto-occipital circumference, outer and inner canthal distances were measured. All the parameters were compared between males and females. Result: The cranial circumference as well as the inner and outer canthal distance in males was found to be significantly higher as compared to the females. Conclusion: The results concluded that sexual dimorphism remarkably exists in young adults of Kathmandu University students.

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