scholarly journals Effect of Agmatine on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Induced by Type 2 Diabetes in Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Samar F. Miski ◽  
Mai A. Alim A. Sattar Ahmad ◽  
Ahmed Esmat
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

Aim: To determine the potential hepatoprotective effect of Agmatine (AGM) on NAFLD-induced by Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in rats. Study design:  Forty male Wistar rats weighing from (200 -250 g) were distributed at random into five groups (8 rats per group): group 1 as control; group 2 as untreated-T2DM; groups 3 & 4 as T2DM cotreated with AGM (40 & 80 mg/kg/d), while group 5 T2DM cotreated with Silymarin (100 mg/kg/d). Place and duration of study: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, king Abdul-Aziz University; between October 2020 and January 2021. Methodology: A rat model of T2DM with NAFLD complication was established by feeding rats with 10% fructose in drinking water and intraperitoneally injecting them with a single low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (45mg/kg). The fasting blood glucose was detected, serum levels of hepatic biomarkers were all assessed. Moreover, histopathological examination was performed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results: STZ induced T2DM in rats causes a significant (p<0.05, n=8) rise in serum levels of FBG, ALT, AST, TB, TC, TG, and LDL in comparison with the corresponding control group. Co-treatment with AGM (40 & 80 mg/kg) and silymarin significantly alleviated hyperglycemia and amended hepatic biomarkers that was reflected on improved histopathological changes. Conclusion: The current data suggest that oral AGM co-treatment could have a hepatoprotective effect against T2DM associated with NAFLD in rats. Further investigations are recommended to elucidate molecular mechanisms accountable for the useful effects of AGM on hepatocytes.

Withdrawn: Hepatoprotective effects of Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllales: Zygophyllaceae) hydro-alcholic extract on non-alcoholic fatty liver-induced rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Almasi ◽  
Mozafar Khazaei ◽  
Shima Chehrei ◽  
Ali Ghanbari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

Non-alcoholic fatty liver induces many complications to the liver tissue and also serum related parameters. Medicinal plants are the safe therapeutic strategy for the treatment of diseases. In this regards, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllales: Zygophyllaceae) extract on non-alcoholic fatty liver in rats. In this experimental study, thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 6). Animals in experimental groups were received high fructose diet (70%) (HDF) daily alone or in combined with daily intraperitoneal injection of 500, 700 and 1,000 mg/kg extract of T. terrestris. Control group of rats was feed with standard chow. The serum levels of biomarkers of liver and serum lipid profiles were assessed, also histopathological examination of liver tissue done. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA method followed by Tukey’s post-hoc multiple comparison test and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. There were significant improvements for biomarkers of liver tissue (P < 0.05) and serum lipid profiles (P < 0.01) in the HFD-fed rats that were treated with T. terrestris extract compare to HFD-fed group. In addition, accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes was significantly reduced in the HFD-fed + extract administrated groups in comparison to HFD-fed rats (P < 0.01). T. terrestris extract has protective effects against non-alcoholic fatty liver by changing biomarkers of liver tissue, serum lipid profiles and histopathological anomalies of liver tissue, to normal range.

scholarly journals Fenofibrate decreased microalbuminuria in the type 2 diabetes patients with hypertriglyceridemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomeng Sun ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Guang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fenofibrate Treatment

Abstract Background: This study was to research the efficacy of fenofibrate in the treatment of microalbuminuria in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertriglyceridemia. Methods: Type 2 diabetic patients (56) with microalbuminuria and hypertriglyceridemia aged 30 to 75 were randomly divided into the fenofibrate treatment group(n=28) and the control group (n=28) for 180 days. Urinary microalbumin /creatinine ratio (UACR) and other metabolic parameters were compared at baseline, during treatment and after treatment. Results: After 180 days, the reduction of levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in two groups were no differences. In treatment group, uric acid (UA) (296.42 ± 56.41 vs 372.46 ± 72.78), triglyceride (TG) [1.51(1.17, 2.06) vs 3.04(2.21, 3.29)], and UACR [36.45 (15.78,102.41) vs 129.00 (53.00, 226.25)] were significantly decreased compared with the baseline. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were significantly increased (1.22 ± 0.26 vs 1.09 ± 0.24) compared with the baseline. The decrease in UACR [-44.05(-179.47, -12.16) vs -8.15(-59.69, 41.94)]in treatment group was significantly higher compared with the control group. The decrease in UACR was positively associated with the decreases in TG ( r = 0.447, P = 0.042) and UA ( r = 0.478, P = 0.024) after fenofibrate treatment. Conclusion: In the patients with hypertriglyceridemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus, fenofibrate can improve microalbuminuria and do not increase the deterioration of glomerular filtration rate

scholarly journals High Fiber Caribbean Diets with Low-Intermediate GI Improve Glycemic Control, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Indicators in Overweight Persons with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Control Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perceval Singh ◽  
Cliff K Riley ◽  
Andrew Wheatley ◽  
Michael Boyne ◽  
Errol Morrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Hs Crp

This study focused on the effect of consumption of indigenous Caribbean foods with low and intermediate glycemic index (GI) high fiber contents on glycated haemoglobin (A1c), insulin, fasting blood glucose, homocysteine (tHCY), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), HOMA-IR and lipoprotein profile levels in overweight persons with type 2 diabetes. The methodology followed a randomized controlled parallel design, which compared two dietary treatment modalities in adult Jamaicans who were overweight and diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (mean age 42.5 ± 2.0 years, 55% females, mean A1c 9.30 ± 0.56%) over six months. The intervention group (n=32) underlined the consumption of low-intermediate-GI foods, whereas the control group (n = 33) were not so advised and consumed a high-GI diet. Attempts were made to ensure that both groups were isocaloric with 45-50% of energy from carbohydrates. Consumption of low-intermediate GI foods resulted in significant reductions (p<0.005) in A1C compared to participants who consumed high GI foods (-0.84 ± 0.26 vs. -0.35 ± 0.04%), hs-CRP (-0.52 ± 0.17 vs. -0.17 ± 0.31 mg/dL) and tHCY (-1.32 ± 0.39 vs. -0.59 ± 0.38 µmol/L). Insulin sensitivity, HDL-C and triglycerides significantly improved in participants who consumed the low-intermediate-GI diet. The data strengthen the metabolic benefits of meal plans that emphasize the consumption of low and intermediate GI high fiber foods, particularly, indigenous Caribbean complex starchy foods.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS CASES AND ITS COMPARISON WITH THE SERUM CREATININE LEVELS

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Shajahan Shajahan ◽  
Koneru Sri Lahari ◽  
P. Kiranmai
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value

BACKGROUND:Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a major non-communicable disease resulting from insulin resistance and is associated with cardiovascular,neurological and renal complications.Recent studies show association of hyperuricemia and Diabetes Mellitus.Uric acid increases oxidative stress that leads to vascular dysfunction and high intra glomerular pressure leading to renal complications.High serum creatinine is an indicator of renal compromise. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate serum uric acid and serum creatinine levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and to find association between them. METHODOLOGY: The study was conducted in Osmania general hospital. Fifty cases of established Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus formed the study group and 50 normal healthy individuals formed the control group. Serum uric acid, Fasting Blood Glucose (FBS) and serum creatinine were estimated by colorimetric enzymatic methods on Beckman coulter AU5800.Mean values were compared in cases and controls using student t- test.Study group was further studied under 2 subgroups with serum Uric acid < 7 mg/dl and ≥7 mg/dl.In these 2 subgroups the association of Serum uric acid with FBS and creatinine was analysed statistically. RESULTS: Serum uric acid were found high in cases(7.63+/- 3.36)as compared to controls(4.48+/- 1.09) p value < 0.001.Serum creatinine were also high in cases(1.59+/- 1.39 )as compared to controls ( 0.87+/- 0.29) p value <0.005.Study subgroup with serum uric acid ≥7 mg/dl was associated with high creatinine and high fasting blood sugar levels when compared to subgroup with serum uric acid <7 mg/dl. CONCLUSION: Our study showed increased serum uric acid and serum creatinine levels in cases when compared to controls.There was significant association between high serum uric acid and high creatinine levels in cases.Therefore,it is important to measure serum uric acid and serum creatinine levels in diabetics for early detection of renal pathology.

scholarly journals Association of ANGPTL8 and Resistin With Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengni Li ◽  
Rongping Fan ◽  
Xuemin Peng ◽  
Jiaojiao Huang ◽  
Huajie Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundPrevious studies showed altered angiopoietin-like protein-8 (ANGPTL-8) and resistin circulating levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Whether or not the alteration in ANGPTL-8 and resistin level can be a predictive maker for increased diabetic nephropathy risk remains unclear.AimTo Investigate the possible association of ANGPTL-8 and resistin with DN, and whether this association is affected by NAFLD status.MethodsA total of 278 T2DM patients were enrolled. Serum levels of ANGPTL8, resistin, BMI, blood pressure, duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FPG), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), lipid profile, liver, and kidney function tests were assessed. The relationship between DN with ANGPTL8 and resistin was analyzed in the unadjusted and multiple-adjusted regression models.ResultsSerum levels of ANGPTL8 and resistin were significantly higher in DN compared with T2DM subjects without DN (respectively; P &lt;0.001), especially in non-NAFLD populations. ANGPTL8 and resistin showed positive correlation with hs-CRP (respectively; P&lt;0.01), and negative correlation with estimated GFR (eGFR) (respectively; P=&lt;0.001) but no significant correlation to HOMA-IR(respectively; P&gt;0.05). Analysis showed ANGPTL8 levels were positively associated with resistin but only in T2DM patients with DN(r=0.1867; P&lt;0.05), and this significant correlation disappeared in T2DM patients without DN. After adjusting for confounding factors, both ANGPTL8(OR=2.095, 95%CI 1.253-3.502 P=0.005) and resistin (OR=2.499, 95%CI 1.484-4.208 P=0.001) were risk factors for DN. Data in non-NAFLD population increased the relationship between ANGPTL8 (OR=2.713, 95% CI 1.494-4.926 P=0.001), resistin (OR=4.248, 95% CI 2.260-7.987 P&lt;0.001)and DN. The area under the curve (AUC) on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of the combination of ANGPTL8 and resistin was 0.703, and the specificity was 70.4%. These data were also increased in non-NAFLD population, as the AUC (95%CI) was 0.756, and the specificity was 91.2%.ConclusionThis study highlights a close association between ANGPTL8, resistin and DN, especially in non-NAFLD populations. These results suggest that ANGPTL-8 and resistin may be risk predictors of DN.

scholarly journals Effects of an Outpatient Diabetes Self-Management Education on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in China: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Zheng ◽  
Suixin Liu ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Lihua Deng
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Group

Objective. This study is aimed at assessing the effectiveness of a simple outpatient diabetes self-management education programme. Methods. In the study, 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly allocated into the control group (n=30) and intervention group (n=30). Regular and 2-session health education programmes were provided. The summary of diabetes self-care activity measure, problem areas in the diabetes scale, fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2 h blood glucose, and HbA1c were measured before and after the intervention to assess the effects of this 2-session diabetes education programme. Results. The total mean score of the summary of diabetes self-care activities measure was 17.60±6.63 points. The problem areas in the diabetes scale revealed that the total mean score was 29.82±15.22 points; 27% of the patients had diabetes-related distress, while 9% suffered from severe emotional distress. Compared with the control group, scores of the summary of diabetes self-care activities measure and problem areas in the diabetes scale, fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2 h blood glucose, and HbA1c were significantly improved in the intervention group after the intervention (P<0.01). Conclusion. This study showed that the 2-session diabetes education programme could effectively improve the level of self-reported self-management, psychological distress, and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDY OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE II IN IRAQI PATIENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Mundher Jabbar Al-okhedi ◽  
Mohammed Qais Al-ani ◽  
Marrib N Rasheed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunological Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between proinflammatory cytokines in special, the interleukin-6 (IL-6), and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) levels in coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods: This study was conducted from November 2017 to March 2018 in Anbar, Iraq. We studied a total of 90 individuals (46 men and 44 women) aged between 20 and 87 years. The samples were divided into four groups: CAD patients (n=23), T2DM patients (n=23), coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes together in the same patient (n=23), and control group (n=21). The concentrations of IL-6 and IGF-1 were determined using a commercially available enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay.Results: The results of the present study showed that there were elevated serum levels of IL-6 and low levels of IGF-1 in all the tested groups, compared with the control. The difference was statistically significant at p<0.05. The results showed a positively correlated between IL-6 and IGF-1 in the CAD group and T2DM group, while it was a negative correlation between serum levels of IL-6 and IGF-1 in the T2DM+CAD group.Conclusion: Elevated levels serum of IL-6 predicts the development of CAD and T2DM. These data support a possible role for inflammation in diabetogenesis and complication of the cardiovascular disease. There is an inverse relationship between the levels serum of IGF-1 and increased risk of CAD and development of T2DM.

scholarly journals Interleukin-18 Promoter Gene Polymorphisms are not Associated with Myocardial Infarction in Type 2 Diabetes in Slovenia

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kariž ◽  
D Petrovič
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interleukin 18 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Promoter Gene ◽  
The Impact

Interleukin-18 Promoter Gene Polymorphisms are not Associated with Myocardial Infarction in Type 2 Diabetes in SloveniaType 2 diabetes is a major risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI) and chronic inflammation may play a central role in both diseases. Interleukin (IL)-18 is a potent proinflammatory cytokine, which is considered important in acute coronary syndromes and type 2 diabetes. We investigated the association of the -137 (G>C), polymorphism (rs187238) and the -607 (C<A) polymorphism (rs1946518) of the IL-18 gene promoter region in 495 Caucasians with type 2 diabetes, of whom 169 had MI and 326 subjects had no clinically evident coronary artery disease (controls). We also investigated the impact of these polymorphisms on the serum IL-18 level in subsets of both groups and in a normal group. Genotype distributions of the polymorphisms showed no significant difference between cases and controls. However, IL-18 serum levels were significantly lower in diabetics with the137 CC genotype than in those with other genotypes (241.5 ± 132.7 ng/Lvs.340.2 ± 167.4 ng/L; p <0.05). High sensitivity C-reactive protein and IL-18 serum levels were higher in diabetics in the MI group than in the control group. We conclude that these IL-18 promoter gene polymorphisms are not risk factors for MI in Caucasians with type 2 diabetes.

Salivary Procalcitonin and Periodontitis in Diabetes

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (7) ◽  
pp. 630-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.W. Bassim ◽  
R.S. Redman ◽  
D.J. DeNucci ◽  
K.L. Becker ◽  
E.S. Nylen
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetes Group ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
First Time ◽  
Morbid Conditions

Periodontitis and type 2 diabetes are co-morbid conditions, both characterized by infectious susceptibility. We investigated procalcitonin (ProCT) levels in the serum and saliva of persons with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes (n = 20), to determine if these levels are altered by periodontitis activity or by hyperglycemia. Persons with severe periodontitis showed higher levels of salivary-ProCT than did those with moderate periodontitis (241 ± 71 vs. 77 ± 516 pg/mL, p = 0.02) and higher levels than did healthy control individuals (118 ± 26 pg/mL, p = 0.05). Salivary-ProCT levels were correlated with bleeding-on-probing (r = 0.45, p = 0.05), as well as with HgbA1c (r = 0.49, p = 0.03). Salivary levels of ProCT were higher than serum levels for the periodontitis/diabetes group (152 ± 37 vs. 78 ± 17 pg/mL, p = 0.02) and the control group (118 ± 146 vs. 48 ± 17 pg/mL, p = 0.01). Persons with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes have salivary-ProCT levels that reflect their degree of periodontitis activity and hyperglycemia. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the presence of procalcitonin (ProCT), an established serum marker of infection, in saliva.

scholarly journals Serum concentrations of asprosin in new-onset type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakiba Naiemian ◽  
Mohsen naeemipour ◽  
Mehdi Zarei ◽  
Ali Gohari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Behroozikhah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Atherosclerotic Risk Factor

Abstract Background: Asprosin, a newly identified adipokine, is pathologically increased in individuals with insulin resistance. However, the available evidence on the association of asprosin and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status is still scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between serum concentrations of asprosin and T2DM status . Methods: This observational study was performed based on 194 adults (97 newly diagnosed T2DM and 97 healthy individuals). Anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined in all participants . Serum concentrations of asprosin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: In patients with T2DM, the serum concentrations of asprosin were significantly higher than the healthy controls (4.18 [IQR: 4.4] vs. 3.5 [IQR: 1.85], P< 0.001). The concentrations of asprosin were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in healthy subjects and with BMI, FBG, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI), triacylglycerol (TAG) and total cholesterol/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio in the T2DM group. In fully adjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) of T2DM with serum concentrations of asprosin was approximately 1.547 (95% CI 1.293-1.850, P< 0.001) compared to the control group . Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that FBG and HOMA-IR were independently associated with asprosin in T2DM. Conclusion : Our findings indicated that serum concentrations of asprosin are increased in patients with T2DM. Also, asprosin is correlated with insulin resistance and TC/HDL-C ratio (atherosclerotic risk factor of cardiovascular diseases) in patients with T2DM.

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