scholarly journals Prescription Patterns for Empagliflozin among Adults with Diabetes Mellitus in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 318-324
Author(s):  
Diponkor Kumar Shill ◽  
Sadia Jahan ◽  
Md. Shahjalal Reza ◽  
Shahriar Mohammad Shohan ◽  
Joy Chandra Rajbangshi
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Prescription Patterns ◽  
National Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Network ◽  
Drug Classes

Objective: To evaluate the prescribing pattern of empagliflozin with respect to other concomitant prescribed drugs in a diabetic patient. Methods: The present research study was conducted in Dhaka from May 2021 to July 2021 at National Healthcare Network (NHN), Dhaka (Jurain, Uttara and Mirpur Branch).  A total of 139 were included in this study by following a simple random procedure. Results: According to the research criterion, 198 prescriptions were collected and 139 were assessed for the study. 78 (56.12%) were male and 72 (51.8%) belonged to the age group 30-64 years, and 67 (48.2%) were in the age group of 65-79 years. 57 (41%) had normal weight, followed by 33 (23.74%) who were overweight, and 49 (35.25%) patients were obese. Approximately 73 (52.52%) of prescriptions prescribed empagliflozin alone, whereas 76 (54.68%) of prescriptions prescribed the combination of empagliflozin and metformin. Among 202 co-prescribed anti-diabetic preparations other than empagliflozin (either monotherapy or combination therapy), 142 (70.30%) were oral hypoglycemic and 60 (29.70%) were insulin preparations. Apart from anti-diabetics, 396 medications were prescribed in this study, including anti-hypertensives (n=47;11.87%) and lipid-lowering drugs (n=43;10.86%). The number of protein pump inhibitors (PPIs) and nutritional supplements were 106 (26.77%) and 84 (21.21%) prescriptions respectively. Conclusion: Empagliflozin is one of the most often recommended anti-diabetic medications in Bangladesh to treat diabetes with or without cardiovascular and obesity-related complications. Other drug classes are prescribed as well, with no apparent contradictions.

A Study on prescribing pattern of drugs in orthopaedic in-patient department at a tertiary care hospital in Guntur region

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Anjani Teja Ch ◽  
Ramesh babu K ◽  
Leela subramanyam S ◽  
Janani Y ◽  
Eswar Sai Kiran K ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Essential Medicine ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Prescribing Indicators ◽  
Bed Days

The descriptive observational study was conducted over six months among inpatients of the orthopaedics department. The aim is to observe the prescribing pattern of drugs, to find out the percentage of analgesics given and most commonly prescribed analgesic, to compare the prescribed drugs whether they are in NLEM, WHO list and calculate DDD/100 Bed-days and to analyze the drugs for WHO prescribing drugs. A total of 250 patients were included in the study. Out of this, 168 were male, and 82 were female. Most of the patients were in the age group of 31-40[45 in number with 18%]. The most common condition was found to fracture [113 in number with 95.2%]. Commonly prescribed drugs were analgesics 447 with 26.76%. Among all the NSAID's, PCM was most commonly prescribed analgesic with 34.4%. The highest no, of drugs was found to be 4drugs/prescription with 24%. Monthly one analgesic was prescribed per prescription with 38.8%. Utilization of analgesics in term of DDD/100 Bed-days was 55.26; Drugs will be evaluated per prescription as per prescribing indicators of WHO was done, the average no. of drugs per prescription was found to be 0.45, percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was found to be 13.3%, percentage of encounters with antibiotics prescribed were found to be 94.4%, In ratio percentage of drugs prescribed from the national list of essential medicine was found to be 92.6%. This study would help to facilitate better health care delivery.

Ideal body image for the opposite sex and its association with body mass index

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
María Eugenia Ibáñez-Zamacona ◽  
Alaitz Poveda ◽  
Esther Rebato
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Ideal Body Image ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Abstract This research studied the preferences reported by women and men about their Ideal Body Image for the Opposite Sex (IBIOS), and its association with body mass index (BMI). It also analysed the preferences of each sex for a woman’s ideal body image (W-IBI) and a man’s ideal body image (M-IBI). A total of 450 participants aged 18–70 years with different weights were studied. Their IBIOS was assessed using standard figural stimuli. The sample was divided in four groups by sex and age (<45 years; ≥45 years). Sex and age differences in IBIOS, as well as sex differences in the preferences for a woman’s ideal body image (W-IBI) and a man’s ideal body image (M-IBI), were tested using a non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. The association between IBIOS and BMI was analysed using Spearman’s correlation. In all groups, the most chosen silhouette as IBIOS was number 4. In the under-45 years group, women chose bigger silhouettes for the opposite sex than men did (p<0.05). In this age group women chose as ideal smaller silhouettes for the female body than men did (p<0.01). In addition, women and men in the younger age group and with normal weight chose smaller silhouettes, while those who were overweight or obese selected larger silhouettes (p<0.001). Age was found to be a relevant factor in IBIOS preferences, and in the association between IBIOS and nutritional status as measured by BMI, which was only observed to be significant in the younger age group.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON PATTERN OF PRESCRIBING MEDICATIONS USED IN SECONDARY PREVENTION OF STROKE

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
Lakshmi R ◽  
Jithin Kc ◽  
Arya G ◽  
Lekshmi P Nair
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Data Collection Form ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Collection Form

ABSTRACTObjectives: The main objectives of this study were to estimate the demographic details of patients with the first incidence of stroke and to study thevarious risk factors for ischemic stroke.Methods: It was a retrospective, observational study carried out for 1 year at the Department of Stroke Medicine of a tertiary care teaching hospitalin Kerala, India. A total of 636 patients were admitted under stroke medicine during the period from July 1, 2014, to July 1, 2015, and who satisfiedthe inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. A standardized data collection form was prepared and necessary data were collectedfrom patient’s medical records.Results: The maximum number of patients was in the age group of 60-69 years. 65.1% patients were residing in the rural area. 60.7% patients weremale. Most of them had hypertension as common comorbidity (21.35%) and the highest number of patients had diabetes mellitus and hypertension(21.7%). Majority of the patients were prescribed with antiplatelets (94.91%), followed by statins (93.8%).Conclusion: A strict control on the comorbid conditions and sticking on to the medications can prevent the occurrence of future stroke.Keywords: Stroke, Secondary prevention, Drugs, Prescribing pattern.

scholarly journals Medications' Prescribing Pattern in the General Surgery Outpatient Department

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Nehad J. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
General Surgery ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Outpatient Surgery ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Drug Classes ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Surgery Department ◽  
Pharmacy Prescriptions

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the drugs’ prescribing pattern in general surgery department of a public hospital in Alkharj. Methodology: The present retrospective study included collecting data from the general surgery outpatient pharmacy prescriptions from a public hospital in Alkharj from 1st of June 2018 to 31th December 2018. Results: The total number of outpatients who received prescriptions from general surgery outpatient department was 319. Most of them were males (52.35%) and aged less than 50 years (79.31%). Most of the prescriptions were written by residents (47.02). The most prescribed medication was paracetamol (21.32%) followed by amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (12.85%), ciprofloxacin (12.85%), and metronidazole (6.27%). Conclusion: The study showed that antibiotics and analgesics were the most commonly prescribed drug classes in outpatient surgery department. Continuous monitoring for the prescribing of these drugs is essential to increase the wise use of these medications. More awareness workshops and educational programs for surgeons are needed for the prescribing of these drugs.

scholarly journals Prescribing pattern of antibiotics in pediatric department of a tertiary care teaching hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Nalini G. K. ◽  
Neelamma . ◽  
Prasanna Kumar D. G. ◽  
Deepak P. ◽  
Sahana G. N. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Pediatric Department ◽  
Prescription Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Prescription is an order from doctor for medicine. Rational use of medicines requires that "patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own individual requirements, for an adequate period of time, and at the lowest cost to them and their community". Irrational use of medicines is a major problem worldwide. This leads to serious morbidity and mortality also leads to reduction in the quality of treatment due to antibiotic resistance. Evaluation of prescribing pattern will help in minimizing adverse drug reactions, resistance among children. Also help to know the attitude of the physicians towards prescribing. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the prescription pattern of antibiotics in paediatric inpatients of Hassan institute of Medical Sciences.Methods: A prospective study, conducted among 110 patients below the age of 18 years and being treated with antibiotics were included in our study. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: Out of 110 patients, female (58) and male (52) are enrolled in the study from inpatient paediatrics department, majority of patients belonged to age group of 0-5 years (74%), respiratory tract infections 29 (35%) , gastrointestinal infections 26 (22%) and central nervous system in 9 (11%). Out of 227 antimicrobial agent, about 83.48% were cephalosporins, followed by ciprofloxicin (33.94%), amoxicillin (32.11%), and amikacin (6.42%).Conclusions: Cephalosporins (ceftriaxone) were most commonly used antibiotic, which covers gram positive, gram negative and anaerobic organism.

scholarly journals Psychopharmacological Treatment of Schizophrenia Over Time in 30 908 Inpatients: Data From the AMSP Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 560-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sermin Toto ◽  
Renate Grohmann ◽  
Stefan Bleich ◽  
Helge Frieling ◽  
Hannah B Maier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Prescription Data ◽  
Prescription Patterns ◽  
Drug Classes ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Inpatient Settings ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Psychotropic drugs are the cornerstone of schizophrenia treatment, often requiring lifelong treatment. Data on pharmacotherapy in inpatient settings are lacking. Methods Prescription data of schizophrenic inpatients within the time period 2000–2015 were obtained from the database of the Drug Safety Program in Psychiatry (AMSP). Data were collected at 2 index dates per year; the prescription patterns and changes over time were analyzed. Results Among 30 908 inpatients (mean age 41.6 years, 57.8% males), the drug classes administered most often were antipsychotics (94.8%), tranquilizers (32%), antidepressants (16.5%), antiparkinsonians (16%), anticonvulsants (14.1%), hypnotics (8.1%), and lithium (2.1%). The use of second-generation antipsychotics significantly increased from 62.8% in 2000 to 88.9% in 2015 (P < .001), whereas the prescription of first-generation antipsychotics decreased from 46.6% in 2000 to 24.7% in 2015 (P < .001). The administration of long-acting injectable antipsychotics decreased from 15.2% in 2000 to 11.7% in 2015 (P = .006). Clopazine was the most often used antipsychotic, having been used for 21.3% of all patients. Polypharmacy rates (≥5 drugs) increased from 19% in 2000 to 26.5% in 2015. Psychiatric polypharmacy (≥3 psychotropic drugs) was present in 44.7% of patients. Conclusions Combinations of antipsychotics and augmentation therapies with other drug classes are frequently prescribed for schizophrenic patients. Though treatment resistance and unsatisfactory functional outcomes reflect clinical necessity, further prospective studies are needed on real-world prescription patterns in schizophrenia to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this common practice.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency among 6–24-month-old underweight and normal-weight children living in an urban slum of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1718-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Shamsir Ahmed ◽  
Tahmeed Ahmed ◽  
Kurt Z Long ◽  
Ricardo J Soares Magalhaes ◽  
Md Iqbal Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Weight For Age

AbstractObjectiveWe quantified the prevalence of vitamin D status in 6–24-month-old underweight and normal-weight children and identified the socio-economic and dietary predictors for status.DesignCross-sectional, baseline data from a nutritional intervention study were analysed. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of being vitamin D deficient or insufficient with the reference being vitamin D sufficient.SettingUrban slum area of Mirpur field site, Dhaka, Bangladesh.SubjectsUnderweight (weight-for-age Z-score <−2·00) and normal-weight (weight-for-age Z-score ≥−1·00) children aged 6–24 months.ResultsAmong 468 underweight children, 23·1 % were sufficient, 42·3 % insufficient, 31·2 % deficient and 3·4 % severely vitamin D deficient. Among 445 normal-weight children, 14·8 % were sufficient, 39·6 % insufficient and 40·0 % deficient and 5·6 % severely deficient. With adjusted multinominal regression analysis, risk factors (OR (95 % CI)) for vitamin D deficiency in underweight children were: older age group (18–24 months old; 2·9 (1·5–5·7)); measurement of vitamin D status during winter (3·0 (1·4–6·4)) and spring (6·9 (3·0–16·1)); and maternal education (≥6 years of institutional education; 2·2 (1·0–4·9)). In normal-weight children, older age group (3·6 (1·2–10·6)) and living in the richest quintile (3·7 (1·1–12·5)) were found to be significantly associated with vitamin D insufficiency.ConclusionsThe study demonstrates a significant burden of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in both underweight and normal-weight children <2 years of age from an urban slum of Bangladesh. Identification of risk factors may help in mitigating the important burden in such children.

scholarly journals Dietary Modifications during Pregnancy through Decades

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. e43-e48
Author(s):  
Yamini Bhatt ◽  
Kalpana Kulshrestha
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Diet Recall ◽  
Dietary Modifications ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe present study aimed to explore the modifications in diet during pregnancy over three generations in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand. For the selection of the sample, the respondents were categorized in 3 age groups: 20 to 34 years; 35 to 55 years; and ≥ 56 years. Structured diet recall interviews were scheduled for the collection of data. The subjects were asked about their dietary habits during pregnancy and food items that they included and excluded during that period. Most food items mentioned included were milk, fruits, and nutritional supplements. The exclusion of fruits like banana and papaya, of rice, and of leafy green vegetables (LGVs) was mainly observed. Among the age group of ≥ 56 years, the respondents with no changes in their diet during pregnancy were more from rural areas (92%) than from urban areas (62.26%), while in the age group of 20 to 34 years, 25% of the respondents with no change in their diet lived in rural areas, and 8.06% lived in urban areas. There has been an increase in the population with dietary modifications through generations; however, the overall changes are still not satisfying. The present study shows that there is a high need for nutritional education during pregnancy, especially in rural areas.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document