scholarly journals Anti Ulceration Efficacy of Boiled Aqueous Leaf Extract of Morinda lucida on Ethanol Induced Gastric Ulceration Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 164-175
Author(s):  
Nkiruka Millicent Amadi ◽  
Peter Uwadiegwu Achukwu ◽  
S. O. Onwukwe ◽  
Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu ◽  
Nonyelum V. Anoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Gastric Ulceration ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

Stomach ulceration study was carried on 25 groups (5 rats each of the groups), groups (E, E1, E2, , E3 and EC, placed on 24 hours fasting before the single dose of intra peritoneal dose administration of 5ml/kg body weight of 99% ethanol and  after one hour, received daily extract of dilution doses of ((500, 1000, 1500) mg /kg) body weight and 100 mg /kg body weight cimentidine (standard drug) respectively for 7 days. Groups (EA1, EA2, , EA3 and EAC, ) were treated with the same extract doses and drug concentration for 7 days before the dose ethanol administration. Group Eand 0 served as a positive control and a negative control respectively. On day 9, target organs; stomach and intestines were harvested under anaesthetize weighed, gross macroscopically and histomorphological studied. Result of the study showed plant inhibition on ethanol induced gastric ulceration; the standard drug (cemetidine) and the mapped extract doses of ((500, 1000, 1500) mg /kg) body weight respectively showed normal organ architecture. Ulcer index study activities 70% indicating evidence of curative and preventive index range 35 to 43% showed some inhibition as seen on the gastric mucosa of the treated group. It was observed that the treatment and anti- ulceration effect of boiled aqueous leaf extract metabolites showed reduction on the histomorphological changes in the gastric mucosa and provided inhibition effectiveness of ethanol induced injury.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antimalarial Properties of Ficus platyphylla Del Leaf Extract in Mice

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
J. Omame ◽  
A. E. Amobonye ◽  
A. Y. Kabiru
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Crude Plant Extract ◽  
Different Doses

Aim: This study was aim at investigating the effect of crude petroleum ether leaf extract of Ficus platyphylla Del on Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out at the department of biochemistry, Federal university of technology minna, Niger state Nigeria in 2014. Methodology: The crude plant extract of F. platyphylla was administered 72 hours at different doses post and pre infection for both the curative and prophylactic study respectively against residual infection. Mice were divided into 5 groups of 5 mice each, 3 of the groups where administered crude plants extract of F. platyphaylla at different doses (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight) while the other two serve as negative and positive control group and were administered 0.5 ml and 50 mg/kg body weight respectively. Results: The extract at all doses produced significant (P<0.05) dose dependent chemo-suppressive activity with %  inhibition of 38%, 61%, 74% and 81.8% for curative studies and 36.0%, 38.5%, 49.5% and 63.4% for prophylactic studies against the parasites at doses of 200 mg/kgbw, 400 mg/kgbw, 600 mg/kgbw of the extract and 50 mg/kgbw of Artesunate. All doses of the extract increased the survival time of the infected mice compared to the negative control group that was administered 0.5 ml normal saline. The variation in the values of Packed Cell Volume (PCV) for treated group before and after extract administration was not significant at (P<0.05). The phytochemical screening of the plant extract showed the presence of tannin, saponin, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, anthroquinone and phenol. Conclusion: The result of this study shows that F. Platyphylla leaf extract exhibited some antiplasmodial activity that could be exploited for safe, effective and affordable antimalaria regimen.

Effects of Curcuma Zedoaria (Shoti) on Growth Performance and Hemato-Biochemical Parameters in Broiler

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-301
Author(s):  
TM Rahsin Kabir ◽  
Nahid Nawrin Sultana ◽  
Tangila Ferdausi ◽  
Muhammad Rakibul Hasan ◽  
Nayamul Bashar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Collect Blood Sample ◽  
Growth Performances

The experiment was conducted on “Cobb-500” broiler chicks to study the effects of Curcumazedoaria (shoti) on growth performances and haemato-biochemical parameters. A total of twentybroilers chicks (16 days old) were randomly divided into five equal groups (n=4). Three groups ofbroilers fed shoti powder at the rate of 10%; 20%; 30% (w/w) with other ingredients for 22 days.Broilers chicks fed on maize-soybean were considered as positive control while non-protein controlwas regarded as negative control. The results showed that body weight of broilers fed 10% and 20%shoti meal grew very close to those of control (maize-soybean) group. After having completed thefeeding trial, the birds were sacrificed to collect blood sample for and biochemical analysis .Weightsof different organs and length of intestine were also measured. Results showed that decreaseddressed weight, weight of skin and liver were found in 30% shoti treated group compared to proteincontrol group. Intestinal weight was highest in 30% shoti treated group but length was similar to theprotein control group. Total erythrocytes count, hemoglobin content and PCV value were founddecreased in shoti treated group compared to protein control group but ESR value was highest in10% shoti treated group. Total cholesterol was found to be decreased in the birds fed on shoticompared to protein control and significantly higher than non-protein control group. Triglyceride valuedecreased in 10% shoti treated group compared to protein and non-protein control group. IncreasedHDL value was found in 10% shoti treated group compared to control groups and 20 % and 30 %shoti treated groups. Result of this experiment showed that body weight of birds significantly (p<0.05)increased in all shoti treated groups. Further investigations are necessary by using differentpercentages of shoti and other shoti type feed to determine the effects of this feed supplement onanimal’s physiology. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(2): 293-301,  August 2020

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF QUERCUS ILEX LEAVES EXTRACT IN ETHANOL INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE IN WISTAR RATS

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
RENU MALIK ◽  
K. G. SINGHAL
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Quercus Ilex ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Drug

Objective: This study was undertaken to investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Quercus ilex leaves extract (QILE) on ethanol-induced toxicity in Wistar rats. Methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced by administering ethanol (40%) at a dose of 7.9 gm/kg/day; p. o. (1:1 of ethanol in olive oil) for 28 d. Silymarin 100 mg/kg/day; p. o. was used as a standard drug. The whole study was divided into a prophylactic and curative study. In the prophylactic study, the Silymarin and QILE (test drug) 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg Body Weight(BW) given orally one hour before administration of 40% ethanol administration for 28 d. In the curative study, 7 d of treatment of Silymarin and QILE 200 and 400 mg/kg BW was given orally after 28 d of ethanol administration to different groups. Results: Hepatoprotectivity was confirmed by the highly significantly (p<0.001) restoration of elevated biochemical parameters like SGPT, SGOT, ALP, TB, and highly significantly (p<0.001) depleted Albumin and Total protein levels by 200 mg/kg BW QILE in comparison to the positive control group. QILE 200 mg/kg highly significantly (p<0.001) raised the antioxidants by draining the elevated oxidative stress markers in comparison of positive control group. At dose levels QILE 200 mg/kg, significant (p<0.05) protection from loss in body weight and in liver weight was found when the comparison was done with the positive control group. Histopathology revealed that QILE 200 mg/kg reduced the markers of cell necrosis. Conclusion: Present study revealed that Quercus ilex leaves have antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity due to its chemical constituents.

scholarly journals Uji Efek Antidiabetik Ekstrak Daun Trembesi (Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr) Terhadap Mencit (Mus musculus L)

WARTA FARMASI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azdar Setiawan ◽  
Muhammad Syaiful Saehu ◽  
Kartini Kartini
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Reduce Blood Glucose ◽  
Albizia Saman

ABSTRAK Daun trembesi (Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr) adalah salah satu tanaman berkhasiat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dimana kandungan kimianya berpotensi menurunkan kadar glukosa darah antara lain flavonoid yang bekerja dengan cara menstimulasi sel- sel beta dari pulau langerhans, sehingga sekresi insulin ditingkatkan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek antidiabetes ekstrak daun trembesi (Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr) pada mencit (Mus musculus). Metode Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Eksperimen dimana sebanyak 20 ekor mencit dibuat diabetes dengan menggunakan Streptozotosin 150 mg/kgBB secara Intraperitonial. Kemudian dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu: Ekstrak dosis 25 mg/kgBB, 50 mg/kgBB, 100  mg/kgBB, sebagai kontrol positif Glibenclamid 5 mg dan kontrol negatif suspensi Na.CMC 0,5%. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji ANOVA. Hasil analisa statistik menunjukan pada konsentrasi ekstrak 100 mg/kgBB memberikan efek yang optimum dengan perlakuan kontrol positif Glibenklamid.  Kata Kunci  : Ekstrak Daun Trembesi, Antidiabetik.  ABSTRACT Trembesi leaf (Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr) is one of the efficacious plants to reduce blood glucose levels where the chemical content has the potential to reduce blood glucose levels, among others, flavonoids that work by stimulating beta cells of the island langerhans, so that insulin secretion is increased. It aims to determine the antidiabetic effect of trembesi leaf extract (Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr) in mice (Mus musculus). This research method is an experimental study in which as many as 20 mice were made diabetic using Streptozotosin 150 mg / kgBW intraperitonially. Then divided into 5 treatment groups, namely: Extract dose 25 mg / kg body weight, 50 mg / kg body weight, 100 mg / kg body weight, as positive control Glibenclamid 5 mg and negative control suspension Na.CMC 0.5%. The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA test. The results of statistical analysis showed that the extract concentration of 100 mg / kgBB gave the optimum effect with the positive control of Glibenclamide. Keywords: Trembesi Leaf Extract, Antidiabetic.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anticonvulsant Properties of Methanol Aerial Extract of Bryophyllum Pinnatum (Lam.) Oken (Crassulaceae) In Mice and Chicks

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
L.O. Bakare ◽  
S.M. Abdullahi ◽  
M. Sadam ◽  
A.A. Salaudeen ◽  
M.A. Ilyas
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Maximal Electroshock ◽  
Ptz Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bryophyllum Pinnatum

Background: Bryophyllum pinnatum is an environmental weed from the Crassulaceae family that is often used to treat convulsion, hypertension, diarrhea, insect bites, asthma and other ailments.Objectives: To evaluate the anticonvulsant potential of methanol aerial extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum plant in mice and chicks.Materials and Methods: The anticonvulsant potential was studied using Maximal electroshock Test (MEST) and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) test in one day old chicks and mice at 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight of the extract i.p respectively. Positive control drugs used were sodium valproate (200 mg/kg) and phenytoin (20 mg/kg) in PTZ and MEST respectively while distilled water (10 ml/kg) i.p was used as negative control in all experiments.Results: The intraperitoneal LD50 of the extract was found to be greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight with an indication that the extract is relatively safe. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) prolongation of the mean onset of seizures was recorded with the extract at 1000 mg/kg body weight compared with normal saline treated group in PTZ induced seizures. Bryopyllum pinnatum methanol aerial extract also significantly reduced the mean recovery time of seizures at doses 500 and 1000 mg/kg induced by MEST when compared with normal saline treated group. Conversely, a significant (p ≤ 0.05) delay in the mean onset of seizures was recorded with standard drugs, sodium valproate (200 mg/kg) and phenytoin (20 mg/kg) in PTZ and MEST respectively.Conclusion: Methanol extract of the aerial part of Bryophyllum pinnatum possesses anticonvulsant activities.

scholarly journals Antipyretic effect of key lime (Citrus aurantiifolium) leaf extract on white rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
AMELIA KARTIKA WIDOWATI ◽  
NUR HAFIDHA HIKMAYANI ◽  
ETI PONCORINI PAMUNGKASARI
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antipyretic Effect ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Key Lime ◽  
One Way Anova

Widowati AK, Hikmayani NH, Pamungkasari EP. 2012. Antipyretic effect of key lime (Citrus aurantifolia) leaf extract on white rats. Biofarmasi 10: 35-39. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antipyretic effect of key lime (Citrus aurantifolia L.) leaf extract on white rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced fever by using DPT vaccine. Thirty male white rats with the body weight of ±200 grams and the age of 2-3 months old were used in this study. Those rats were grouped equally into five groups, consisted of a negative control group (2 mL aquabidest), a positive control group (acetaminophen 6.3 mg/100 g of body weight), the first dose of key lime leaf extract (1.26 mg/100 g of body weight), the second dose (2.52 mg/100 g of body weight) and the third dose (5.04 mg/100 g of body weight). The measurement of rat temperature was conducted before and 2 hours after getting DPT vaccine, and every 30 minutes posttreatment until 120 minutes. Data at the 120th minute were analyzed by using One-Way Anova test. The results of One-Way Anova test showed that there were significant differences (p<0.05) among treatment groups. The results of post-hoc test analysis showed that the significant differences (p<0.05) were found between a negative control group and four other groups. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between a positive control group and three groups of key lime leaf extract. It concluded that the key lime leaf extract has an antipyretic effect on white male rats.

scholarly journals Expression of IL-10 in A.actinomycetemcomitans Induced Rat Treated by Purple Miana Leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 2099-2104
Author(s):  
Ummul Khairi Amsyah ◽  
Mochammad Hatta ◽  
Hasanuddin Tahir ◽  
Gemini Alam ◽  
Asmawati Asmawati
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Anterior Teeth

Periodontitis therapy originating from local natural resources is still lacking so it needs to be researched and developed, one of the natural resources from Soppeng Regency in South Sulawesi, Indonesia is the purple miana leaf. It has not been reported before about the effect of purple miana leaf extract on periodontitis related to IL-10 mRNA expression. This study aims to determine the effect of purple miana leaf extract on IL-10 mRNA expression in rat induced by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Rats were divided into three groups, purple miana leaf extract (PMLE), negative control (aquades), antibiotic (levofloxacin nine mg/kg body weight) as positive control. Rat blood was drawn before (H1) and after induction of 3x108 cfu/ml Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in the gingival sulcus of the mandibular anterior teeth/after periodontitis (H8) and seven days after intervention (H15). IL 10 mRNA expression was measured by Real-time PCR. The results obtained are processed using SPSS. There were no significant differences in H1-H8 in all groups. IL-10 mRNA expression on H8-H15 has a different pattern between PMLE, negative control and positive control. In the negative control, there was a decrease in IL-10 mRNA expression in H8-H15. In PMLE and positive control, an increase in IL-10 mRNA expression. The treatment of purple miana leaf extract in rat induced with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans significantly had the same effect as levofloxacin on IL-10 mRNA expression.

scholarly journals Antipyretic effect of ethanol extract of plant leaves of garden croton (Codiaeum variegatum) in male mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kanedi ◽  
Wawan Abdullah Setiawan ◽  
Kusuma Handayani ◽  
Nopiansyah ◽  
Vivi Febriyanti
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Codiaeum Variegatum ◽  
Ethanol Fraction

Codiaeum variegatum (L.) is known to contain bioactive compounds that have many pharmacological properties such as abortifacient, antiamoebic, antibacterial, anticancer, antifungal, and antioxidant. This study aims to reveal whether the ethanol fraction of leaf extract of this plant has antipyretic activity. The male mice (n=25) with a weigh range of 20 – 30 g were divided into five groups (5 mice each). To make pyrexia condition, the animals were induced with DPT-HB-HIB vaccine. The ingredients given to the animals were as follows: distilled water as the negative control; standard drug (paracetamol) as positive control; and three different dosage of croton leaves extract namely: 71.5, 143 and 286 mg/kg BW. The body temperature of the mice was measured using a digital thermometer through the rectal opening every 30 minutes for 180 minutes. The results showed that ethanol fraction of croton plant leaf extract at the dosage of 143 and 286 mg/kg BW statistically have the same effect as paracetamol in decreasing body temperature of mice. Therefore, it can be concluded that plant extract of garden croton is potential to be used as antipyretic remedy.

scholarly journals Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Jatropha tanjorensis on parasitaemia and haematological parameters in mice infected with Plasmodium ber ghei

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
L.N. Ebenyi ◽  
K.A. Yongabi ◽  
F.U. Ali ◽  
M.C. Ominyi ◽  
C.B. Anyanwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

Medicinal plants are proven sources of many useful drugs in our modern world. Jatropha tanjorensis, known as hospital too far, is consumed highly in Africa as herbal medicine. This research work was done to evaluate the effect of aqueous leaf extract of Jatropha tanjorensis on parasitaemia and haematological parameters in mice infected with Plasmodium ber ghei. The leaves of J. tanjorensis were extracted with distilled water and qualitative phytochemical analysis carried out. Acute toxicity studies were carried out using the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guideline. The curative activity of the extract was examined using Rane’s test. A total of forty (40) mice were used for the study and they were infected with Plasmodium berghei. The infected mice were subdivided into five groups of six mice each and treated with different doses of standard drug (artemether/lumefantrine 25mg/kg) and extract (200, 400 and 800mg/kg body weight) for 4 days. After treatment, blood was collected and used for percentage parasitaemia, packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration. The result of phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpe noids, cardiac glycosides and anthra quinones. The result of the acute toxicity showed the signs of neither neurological, behavioral nor mortality at concentrations of 2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg oral doses within the first 24 hours and during the 14 days study period. A dose- dependent increase was observed in Total haemoglobin (Hb) and Packed cell volume (PCV) levels which was collaborated with increase in weight as compared with negative control. The leaf extract of J. tanjorensis also revealed a significant (p<0.05) suppression activity and mean survival time at the doses of 400 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg when compared with the negative control. The extract of Jatropha tanjorensis showed reasonable levels of anti-anaemia and antimalarial activities with no signs of acute toxicity.  Therefore this study may support its use as an anti-prophylactic and blood tonic nutraceutical.

scholarly journals DIURETICS EFFECT OF AVOCADO LEAF (Persea americana Mill.) ETHANOL EXTRACT ON THE GASTRIC HISTOLOGY OF WISTAR MALE RATS (Rattus norvegicus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Dwi Erlinda ◽  
Mahriani Mahriani ◽  
Susantin Fajariyah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Diuretic Effect ◽  
Wistar Male Rats

Irregular urine output triggers kidney stone disease. One way to cure it is by using synthetic diuretic compounds. The use of synthetic diuretic drugs for a long time can cause side effects, namely gastric damage. Therefore, research is needed to determine the diuretic effect of ethanol extract of avocado leaves (Persea americana) and its effect on the histological structure of the gastric  of male rats. Avocado leaf extract is made by maceration method, using 70% ethanol and then evaporated. Wistar male rats were divided into 5 treatment groups namely negative control (aquadest), positive control (furosemide), avocado leaf extract dose of 50 mg / kg body weight, 100 mg / kg body weight, and 150 mg / kg body weight with oral administration for 15 days. The volume of urine  was measured for 24 hours, then the mice were sacrified on the 16th day. Gastric organs were taken for histological observation by the paraffin method and Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining. The results showed that the optimum avocado leaf ethanol extract was a dose of 100 mg/kg showed a diuretic effect but did not affect the histological structure of the gastric.

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