scholarly journals Evaluation and Comparison of Functional and Aesthetic Outcomes of McGregor and Stepped Lower Lip-Split Incisions for Extirpation of Primary Tumor in Cases of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Oral Cavity (SCCOC)

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Chetan Gupta ◽  
Nitin Bhola ◽  
Anendd Jadhav ◽  
Akhil Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oncologic Surgery ◽  
Postoperative Function ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Lip Movement ◽  
Group B ◽  
Operative Assessment

Background: Clear surgical margins are of utmost importance in surgical oncological procedures. Secondary consideration includes the functional and aesthetic outcomes of the patients after the procedure. The recognised surgical approach to the posteriorly located oral cavity and oropharyngeal tumors involves the splitting of the lower lip with or without mandibulectomy. In order to perk up postoperative function and aesthetics, quite a lot of modifications of the unique midline lower lip-splitting incision have been projected by various authors till date. A stepped ladder lower lip split incision (LLSI) helps in improved functional and aesthetic outcomes. Objectives: The prime accent of the study is to compare the McGregor LLSI and the stepped LLSI with respect to functional and aesthetic outcomes in tumors ablation for SCCOC. Methodology: The study population (n=22) is assigned randomly in two equal groups as a subject in the ratio of 1:1. Systemically healthy histologically diagnosed patients of SCCOC requiring LLSI for the tumours ablation will be included. In Group A- McGregor LLSI will be performed and in Group B- a Stepped LLSI would performed. Post-operative assessment of functional and aesthetic outcomes will be done. Expected Results: A stepped ladder LLSI used for tumours ablation will be effective in preserving post-operative lip movement, lip competency and cosmesis. Conclusion: Utility of a Stepped ladder LLSI for accessibility and ablation of posterior oral and oropharyngealtumors would be undoubtfully beneficial for improving post-operative functional and aesthetic outcomes and could be executed in routine oncologic surgery.

scholarly journals ABO groups can play a role in susceptibility and severity of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Samra ◽  
M. Habeb ◽  
R. Nafae
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Infection Group ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Seriously Ill

Abstract Background A few people infected by the coronavirus become seriously ill, while others show little to no signs of the symptoms, or are asymptomatic. Recent researches are pointing to the fact that the ABO blood group might play an important role in a person’s susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 infection. Aim of the study: try to understand the relationship between ABO groups and COVID-19 (susceptibility and severity). Results A total of (507) patients were included in this study. The study population was divided based on the ABO blood group into types A+, A−, B+, AB, O+, and O−. Blood group A was associated with high susceptibility of infection: group A, 381 (75.1%); and less common in group O, 97 (19.2%), group B, 18 (3.5%), and group AB, 11 (2.2%). The severity of COVID-19 infection was common in non-blood group O where (20 (7.1%), 4 (26.7%), 2 (11%), and 1 (9%) in type A+, A−, B+, and AB, respectively), while in type O 3.1%. And mechanically ventilated patients were 22 (5.9%), 2 (13.4%), 2 (11.1%), and 1 (1%). Mortality was high in blood groups A and B, 16 (4.37%) and 1 (5.5%), respectively, while in blood group O, it was 1%. Conclusion The incidence, severity, and mortality of COVID-19 were common in non-blood group O. While blood group O was protected against COVID-19.

scholarly journals Comparative study between two empirical antibiotic regime in the management of childhood malignancy with fever

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Helaly ◽  
Md Zakir Hossain Sarker ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
Md Tafazzal Hossain ◽  
Shafi Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Pediatric Hematology ◽  
Pediatric Cancer Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
Oncology Unit

Objective : The present prospective randomized clinical trial was carried out to assess whether combined cefepime and amikacin as empirical antibiotic therapy was more effective than combined ceftriaxone and gentamicin in the treatment of febrile neutropenic children with malignant diseases.Material & Methods : The study was conducted in the Pediatric Hematology and Oncology unit of BSMMU over a period of 2 years. (From January 2006 to December 2007) Hospitalised pediatric cancer patients who developed febrile neutropenia following chemotherapy or radiotherapy were the study population. A total 64 cases were consecutively included in the study and were randomly assigned to either cefepime & amikacin group (Group- A) or ceftriaxone & gentamicin group (Group-B). The Group-A received cefepime 1500 mg/m2/dose infused over 15 minutes in two divided doses intravenously(IV) while amikacin was administered as thrice daily dose of 200 mg/m2/dose. Patients of Group-B received ceftriaxone 1500 mg/m2/dose in two divided doses and gentamicin 60 mg/m2/dose thrice daily IV. The therapy was continued until absolute neutrophil counts reached >1000 neutrophils/mm3. The treatment outcome was considered successful if fever resolves within 4 days and does not recur within 7 days of completion of therapy. Of the 64 patients, 13 cases were excluded from the final analysis.Results : Bacteria were isolated from culture in only 16.7% of cases Group-A and 9.5% of group-B. Patients E. coli was the most common isolate found in blood specimen (37%). Following intervention, 90% of cefepime & amikacin group and 85.6% of ceftriaxone & gentamicin group improved absolute neutrophil count to >1000/mm3 of blood. Persistence of fever after start of study drug and duration of antibiotic therapy were significantly less in the former group than those in later group (p = 0.049 and p = 0.004 respectively). Only 1 patient of group B had recurrence of infection within 7 days of treatment completion. The mean duration of hospital stay was less in the former group (7.97 ± 2.61 days) than that in the latter group (11.00 ± 3.42 days) (p = 0.06). Evaluation of final outcome shows that majority (86.6%) of cefepime & amikacin group had successful outcome, while majority of ceftriaxone & gentamicin group (81%) failed to resolve infection with continuation of fever for > 4 days.Conclusion : The study concluded that combined cefepime and amikacin is a better option for empirical treatment of fever and neutropenia in children with malignancies than combined ceftriaxone and gentamicin (p<0.001).Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.5(2) 2014: 329-331

THERAPEUTICAL DOSES OF SALBUTAMOL INHIBIT THE SOMATOTROPIC RESPONSIVENESS TO GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE IN ASTHMATIC CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-263
Author(s):  
Hemalini Mehta ◽  
Robert F. Lemanske
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone ◽  
Assay Sensitivity ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group B

Purpose of the Study. To determine the effects of therapeutic β2 agonists (specifically salbutamol) on growth hormone (GH) response to growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) in children with asthma. Study Population. Fifteen prepubertal children with asthma, ages 6-11 (average age of 9) with normal or normal short stature were studied. Those with an endocrine abnormality, nutritional deficiency, psychological deprivation, or other systemic disease were excluded. Only those children with known bronchial asthma, who showed a 15% decrease of the 1-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1) with methacholine challenge were included. All patients were asymptomatic, and had not experienced an asthma exacerbation, respiratory infection or allergen exposure in the month preceding the study. No child was on medications. Methods. Subjects were divided into two groups. Both groups had baseline GH response to GHRH determined. After an overnight fast, GH levels were obtained the following morning at -60, 0, and then every 15 minutes until 120 minutes after GHRH administration. Two days following this, Group A received salbutamol (0.125 mg/kg) orally at -60 minutes and GH response to GHRH was remeasured. Group B received aerosolized salbutamol (2 mg over 15 minutes) (details of administration were not specified by the authors). All serum GH levels were measured in duplicate by immunoradiometric assay (sensitivity of 0.1 µg/L). Findings. Basal GH levels were similar in both groups. Orally administered salbutamol (Group A) markedly inhibited GH response to GHRH (peak of 3.7 ± 0.6 vs. 18.6 ± 4.7 g/L). Inhaled salbutamol (Group B), although blunting the GHRH-induced GH response, did so to a lesser extent (peak of 20.0 ± 7.5 vs. 35.8 ± 9.4 g/L, P &lt; .02).

FA08.02: ENHANCED RECOVERY AFTER ESOPHAGECTOMY AND RECONSTRUCTION FOR ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 15-15
Author(s):  
Shah-Hwa Chou ◽  
Yu-Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Patient Control Analgesia ◽  
Hospital Charges ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) was originally designed and used in colorectal surgery. Recently there were some related reports of its implementation on esophageal cancer surgery, mainly adenocarcinoma. This study is to determine if ERAS can be effectively and safely applied to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Asian population. Methods In early 2012, our perioperative management protocol was reinvented and has been implemented thereafter. So two groups of patients were set up and compared. Group A is the patients operated on before 2012, managed by the old protocol. Group B is the patients managed under the new protocol. Their demographics, complications, hospital stay and charges were reviewed and analysed. Results Group A 65 patients. Group B 61 patients. The ventilator days, ICU stay and postoperative stay were statistically shorter in group B. There was no hospital mortality in either groups. No increase of complications was noted in group B. The hospital charges in group B were lower although statistically insignificant. Conclusion The new protocol of perioperative care is safe and effectively enhanced the postoperative recovery after esophagectomy and reconstruction for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Table 1. Clinical protocol for group A and B POD, post-operative day; ICU, intensive care unit; TPN, total parenteral nutrition; J-P drain, Jackson-Pratt drain; N/S, normal saline; CVC, central venous catheter; NG, nasogastric tube; OR, operating room; NPO, nil per os; IV, intravenous; PCA, patient control analgesia. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

scholarly journals DMBA-Induced Oral Carcinoma in Syrian Hamster: Increased Carcinogenic Effect by Dexamethasone Coexposition

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana A. Martínez B. ◽  
Paola Andrea Barato Gómez ◽  
Carlos Arturo Iregui Castro ◽  
Jaiver E. Rosas Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Syrian Hamster ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Carcinogenic Effect ◽  
Group A ◽  
Immunomodulatory Action ◽  
Group B

Objectives. To investigate the effect of systemic administration of the immunosuppressant dexamethasone (DM) while inducing hamster buccal pouch DMBA carcinogenesis. Materials and Methods. Two different experiments were performed. In the first experiment, hamsters’ right buccal pouches in group A (n = 10) were painted three times per week with 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) 0.5%, while pouches of animals in group B (n = 4) were painted with mineral oil only. Two animals were sacrificed every three weeks to obtain histological samples and to evaluate pathological abnormalities. After 12 weeks of exposition and with no macroscopic evidence of neoplasms, dexamethasone DM (1 mg/kg) was administered daily for 7 days to the last two animals in the study. In the second experiment, DM was administered since DMBA exposition, following the same protocol as the first experiment. Results. The time of macroscopic neoplasm development was reduced when DM-DMBA coexposition was employed, finding tumors after 10–12 weeks of exposition. In addition, the frequency of histopathological lesions was higher. Conclusion. Immunomodulatory action of dexamethasone may reduce the time of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) induction and may increase the incidence of neoplasms developed.

scholarly journals Effect of atorvastatin on lipid and cardiovascular events in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Muhammed Arshad Ul Azim ◽  
Md Habibur Rahman ◽  
Abdus Salam ◽  
Sayed Mahtabul Islam ◽  
Shahryar Waheed
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
Lipid Abnormalities

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death in chronic kidney disease patient as well as in patients on hemodialysis. Dyslipidaemia is highly prevalent in patients on maintenance haemodialysis which increases the risk for cardiovascular mortality. This study was designed to evaluate the lipid abnormalities, effect of atorvastatin on lipid profile and cardiovascular events in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Methods: In this prospective clinical study, 55 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis participated voluntarily. The study population was divided randomly into group-A (atorvastatin was prescribed) and group-B (without atorvastatin). We compared the lipid status and cardiovascular events of both groups after 6 months. Results: The two groups of patients were well matched in respect to baseline characteristics, history of risk factors and dialysis duration and session. Mean age of study population was about 48 years. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was reduced by 18.79%, total cholesterol was reduced by 9.32% and triglyceride was reduced by 22% in group-A. In group-A, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was increased by 6% and it was reduced by 6% in group-B. In this study, myocardial ischemia/infarction on electrocardiogram (ECG) was present 22% in group-A and 14% in group-B at randomization. After 6 months, ischemia/infarction was found 33% in group-A and 25% in group-B. Statistically the ECG findings showed no significant changes after 6 months. In this study, mean ejection fraction (EF %) was 54% in group-A and 51% in group-B at 0 month, after 6 months atorvastatin group failed to show any significant change. In this study, after 6 months of statin therapy there was slight increase of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (16.13%) but that was not significant. Conclusion: In this study atorvastatin improved the lipid abnormalities significantly but a significant reduction of cardiovascular events was not achieved. Birdem Med J 2020; 10(1): 34-39

scholarly journals Acute Cholecystitis in Very Elderly Patients: Disease Management, Outcomes, and Risk Factors for Complications

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Alfredo Escartín ◽  
Marta González ◽  
Elena Cuello ◽  
Ana Pinillos ◽  
Pablo Muriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Acute Cholecystitis ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
Very Old Patients ◽  
Grade Iii ◽  
Severe Grade

Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics, management, and outcomes of acute cholecystitis in patients ≥80 years. Methods. This was a retrospective analysis of data from a prospective single-center patient registry. Results. The study population was composed of 348 patients, which were divided into two groups: those younger (Group A) and those older (Group B) than the median age (85.4 years). Although demographic and clinical characteristics of the two groups were similar, the disease management was clearly different, with older patients undergoing cholecystectomy less frequently (n=80 46.0% in Group A vs n=39 22.4% in Group B; p<0.001). The outcomes in both groups of age were similar, with 30-day mortality of 3.7%, morbidity of 17.2%, and readmissions of 4.2% and two-year AC recurrence in nonoperated patients of 22.5%. No differences were seen between operated and no operated patients. Severe (Grade III) AC was the only independent factor significantly associated with mortality (OR 86.05 (95% CI: 11–679); p<0.001). Conclusions. In elderly patients with AC, the choice of therapeutic options was not limited by the age per se, but rather by the disease severity (grade III AC) and/or poor physical status (ASA III-IV). In case of grade I-II AC, laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be safely performed and yield good results even in very old patients. Patients with grade III AC present high risk of morbidity and mortality, and the treatment should be individualized. ASA IV patients should avoid cholecystectomy, being antibiotic treatment and cholecystectomy the best option.

Results of a European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Early Clinical Studies Group Phase II Trial of First-Line Irinotecan in Patients With Advanced or Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3136-3142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Lhommé ◽  
Pierre Fumoleau ◽  
Pierre Fargeot ◽  
Yvan Krakowski ◽  
Véronique Dieras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Pelvic Irradiation ◽  
European Organization ◽  
Group A ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Group B

PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy and tolerability of irinotecan (CPT-11) in advanced or recurrent cervical carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eligible patients had histologically confirmed, inoperable, progressive, metastatic or recurrent squamous cell cervical carcinoma and had received no radiotherapy in the preceding 3 months and had never received chemotherapy. The initial irinotecan dosage of 350 mg/m2 every 3 weeks was modifiable according to toxicity. Treatment continued for six cycles after complete response, or until disease progression or excessive toxicity after partial response, or for three additional cycles in the case of stable disease. Patients were stratified into group A (≥ one measurable lesion in a previously unirradiated area, with or without progressive disease in irradiated fields) or group B (measurable new lesion[s] in an irradiated field). RESULTS: Fifty-one of 55 enrolled patients were eligible for inclusion (median age, 47 years; range, 30 to 71 years). The response rate was 15.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.0% to 28.6%) overall, 23.5% (95% CI, 10.7% to 41.2%) for group A (complete response, 2.9%), and zero for group B. The median time to progression and median survival were 4.0 and 8.2 months for group A and 2.5 and 4.2 months for group B, respectively. The major grade 3/4 toxicities for groups A and B were diarrhea (24.3% and 55.5%, respectively) and neutropenia (24.3% and 33.3%, respectively). There were four toxicity-related deaths, three in group B. Patients with no prior external pelvic irradiation experienced fewer grade 3 and 4 adverse events. CONCLUSION: Irinotecan is effective in treating cervical squamous cell carcinoma if disease is located in an unirradiated area. Because of toxicity, a reduced dose is advised for patients previously treated with external pelvic irradiation.

Extent of Practicing Creative Thinking Skills among Students of Educational Technology at the University of Ibb, Yemen, When Applying Innovative Educational technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
أ.د. داود عبدالملك يحي الحدابي ◽  
د. عيسى صالح
Keyword(s):  
Educational Technology ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Educational Technologies ◽  
Technology Innovations ◽  
Technology Students ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
The University

The research aimed to identify the extent of practicing creative thinking skills among students of educational technology at the University of Ibb, Yemen in applying innovative educational technologies. To achieve the objectives of the study and answer its questions, the researchers used the descriptive method. The study population was educational technology students at the University of Ibb. The research sample involved (50) students of the second level in the Department of Educational Technology in the academic year 2018/ 2019. A scale of creative thinking and an open-ended questionnaire were used to assess creative thinking skills and identify the obstacles of creative thinking among students. The results showed a clear decline in the students' ability to practice creative thinking skills with a general average of (34.90) for group A students, and an average of (35.15) for group B students. The study revealed a number of obstacles of developing students' creative thinking. The study concluded with a set of recommendations and suggestions. Keywords: creative thinking skills, educational technology innovations, students of educational technology.

Retrospective comparison of long-term outcomes in patients with stage II/III (UICC-TNM6th) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with 60 Gy or 50.4 Gy of definitive chemoradiotherapy with fluorouracil and platinum.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 109-109
Author(s):  
Hidekazu Hirano ◽  
Ken Kato ◽  
Shoko Nakamura ◽  
Yusuke Sasaki ◽  
Naoki Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Definitive Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Concurrent Radiotherapy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

109 Background: Definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) is one of the treatment options for stage II/III esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). RTOG9405 demonstrated that a higher dose of radiation (64.8 Gy) offered no additional survival benefit over the standard dose (50.4 Gy). We compared the long-term outcomes of dCRT with radiation doses of 60 Gy and 50.4 Gy for ESCC. Methods: Selection criteria included thoracic ESCC, stage II/III (non T4), performance status (PS) 0-2, age 20-75 years, adequate organ function and no other active malignancy. We retrospectively analyzed patients who received dCRT as a first-line therapy between Jan. 2000 and Nov. 2011 in our hospital. Group A (n = 180) received 2 cycles of cisplatin (C) (40 mg/m2 on day 1 and 8) with fluorouracil (F) infusion (400 mg/m2/day on day 1-5 and 8-12), or 2 cycles of C (70 mg/m2 on day 1) with F infusion (700 mg/m2/day on day 1-4) repeated every 4 weeks and concurrent radiotherapy at a dose of 60 Gy. Group B (n = 62) received 2 cycles of C (75 mg/m2 on day 1) with F infusion (1000 mg/m2/day on days 1–4) repeated every 4 weeks and concurrent radiotherapy at a dose of 50.4 Gy. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with log-rank test. The Cox regression model was used for multivariate analysis to assess the prognostic factors for OS. Results: Characteristics of both groups were as follows (Group A: Group B): median age, 64:62; male/female, 154/26:55/7; PS 0/1/2, 81/98/1:46/16/0; T1/2/3, 39/27/114:19/9/34; N0/1, 41/139:6/56. Median follow-up period was longer than 40 months for both groups. 5-year survival rates were 44.5% for Group A and 60.0% for Group B. Median PFS and median OS were 16.5 months and 36.2 months for Group A, 41.1 months and 98.3 months for Group B. By multivariate analysis, Group B (hazard ratio [HR] 0.617: 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.400-0.951, p = 0.029), T1/2([HR] 0.383: 95% [CI]: 0.260-0.566, p < 0.001) were significant prognostic factors for OS. Conclusions: CRT with 50.4 Gy showed better long-term survival than with 60 Gy.

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