scholarly journals Stress and Financial Burden Faced by Dentists Amidst COVID 19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 303-310
Author(s):  
Amruta Popatrao Patil ◽  
Dilip Magdum ◽  
Santosh Jadhav ◽  
Abhijeet Jadhav ◽  
Prakash Vhatkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Flow ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
Saliva Contamination ◽  
The Cost

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic, initiated in Wuhan, China, had devastating effects on the dental industry world-wide. The mode of transmission of SARS Cov-2, causative agent of Covid-19, was through aerosol and saliva contamination putting dentists at high risk of contracting Covid-19. The measures taken to contain the spread of virus had financial repercussion on the dental industry. The survey was conducted to understand the mental health of dentists amidst Covid-19 pandemic. Aim: To analyse the concerns and anxiety faced by dental surgeons regarding vaccination and the psychological and socio-economic impact Covid-19 pandemic had on dental setups. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 3 months. A sample size of 300 dentists belonging to age group of 25years to 45years was analysed. The dentists included in the sample practiced in Maharashtra, India. A questionnaire was formulated in Google forms and circulated through social media platform. The result was analysed and demonstrated in pie-charts. Results: The survey analysed that majority of dentists were apprehensive to carry out dental procedures. Along with the risk of contracting and being a source of transmission of Covid-19, dentists had huge financial burden of clinic rents, EMI loan pending bills, the cost of preventive kits and reduced patient flow. Conclusion: The survey was successful in analysing the monetary and safety concerns faced by dentists amidst Covid-19 pandemic. The survey also pointed out the mental stress dentists had to overcome to practice dental procedures.

scholarly journals The affordability of prescription medicines in Australia: are copayments and safety net thresholds too high?

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Searles ◽  
Evan Doran ◽  
Thomas A Faunce ◽  
David Henry
Keyword(s):  
Financial Burden ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Access To Medicines ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescription Medicines ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
The Cost

Objective. To create and report survey-based indicators of the affordability of prescription medicines for patients in Australia. Method. A cross-sectional study of 1502 randomly selected participants in the Hunter Region of NSW, were interviewed by telephone. Main outcome measure. The self-reported financial burden of obtaining prescription medicines. Results. Data collection was completed with a response rate of 59.0%. Participants who had received and filled at least one prescription medicine in the previous 3 months, and eligible for analysis (n=952), were asked to self-report the level of financial burden from obtaining these medicines. Extreme and heavy financial burdens were reported by 2.1% and 6.8% of participants, respectively. A moderate level of burden was experienced by a further 19.5%. Low burden was recorded for participants who said that their prescription medicines presented either a slight burden (29.0%) or were no burden at all (42.6%). Conclusion. A substantial minority of participants who had obtained prescription medicines in the 3 months prior to survey experienced a level of financial burden from the cost of these medicines that was reported as being moderate to extreme. What is known about the topic? The Australian National Medicines Policy aims to, amongst other things, facilitate access to medicines at a cost that is affordable to individuals and the community. Copayments combined with the safety net and brand price premium are the main determinants of the amount that patients pay for PBS listed prescription medicines. Previous surveys have reported on selected aspects of medicine affordability in Australia and have shown some groups in the population experience difficulty with the cost of their medicines. What does this paper add? This paper develops and reports on a set of indicators that can be used to periodically measure the level of self-reported financial burden experienced by Australians when obtaining prescription medicines. The analysis assesses affordability issues for both general patients and patients who are able to access prescription medicines using a concession card. What are the implications? Our research suggests that, as they stand, the copayment and safety net thresholds are not protecting nearly one-third of Australian patients from financial burden. Ongoing monitoring and evaluation is required to ensure the copayment and safety net thresholds do not jeopardise the National Medicines Policy’s principle of equitable and affordable access to medicines.

scholarly journals The Cost of Living with Inherited Ataxia in Ireland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Kelly ◽  
Petya Bogdanova-Mihaylova ◽  
Joshua Skeens ◽  
Sharon Moran ◽  
Sorcha Farrelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Of Illness ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Resource Utilisation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Resource Utilisation ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Cost

AbstractInherited ataxias are a heterogenous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterised by progressive impairment of balance and coordination, typically leading to permanent and progressive disability. Diagnosis and management of these disorders incurs a range of direct and indirect financial costs. The aim of this study was to collect individual ataxia-related healthcare resources in a large cohort of individuals with different subtypes of inherited ataxia and calculate the associated cost of illness in the Republic of Ireland. One hundred twenty-nine respondents completed a cross-sectional study on healthcare resource utilisation for progressive ataxia in Ireland. Costs were calculated using a prevalence-based approach and bottom-up methodology. The COI for inherited ataxia in 2016 was €59,993 per person per year. Results were similar between participants with Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA, n = 56), non-FRDA (n = 18) and those with undetermined ataxia (n = 55). Indirect costs, based on productivity losses by participants or caregivers, accounted for 52% of the cost of illness. Inherited ataxia is associated with significant health and social care costs. Further funding for inherited ataxia to ease the financial burden on patients, caregivers and healthcare system and improve standards of care compliance is warranted.

scholarly journals Interventional Study on Adherence to Pharmacotherapy and Drug Pattern in Elderly Patients at Civil Hospital of Badin, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shehnshah ◽  
Mudassar Iqbal Arain ◽  
Muhammad Ali Ghoto ◽  
Abdullah Dayo ◽  
Saira Shahnaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Civil Hospital ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
The Cost

Background: To assess the contributing factors to adherence of pharmacotherapy and perception of elderly patients. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient clinic of Civil Hospital Badin, Pakistan from January to June 2019. A total of 300 samples were selected to analyze the results. A self-designed proforma (prescribing indicator form) was used for collecting data including patient demographics, diagnosis, and the current medications prescribed for each patient. Results: Of the 300 selected participants, 221(73.7%) were male, while 79 (26.3%) were female. Majority of the subjects in the age group of 60–69 (52%) and 70–79 years (27%) followed by those aged >79 (21%). Antibiotics were prescribed to 17.2% and vitamins to 14.7%. Patients’ responses related to nonadherence factor were 92.7% for the cost, 32.7% for the long treatment duration, and 24% for the lack of knowledge. Out of the total patients, 28% were forgetful, 26.7% complained about complex therapy, 26.3% blamed financial problems, 19.7% patients had side effects, and 14.3% were negligent in taking the medication. Conclusion: Patient conformity can be enhanced by dropping polypharmacy and simplifying complex management, use of extended formulations, rate of medications, and by creating awareness among elderly patients. Keywords: elderly, polypharmacy, pharmacotherapy, adherence

scholarly journals The Expense of Insulin in Individuals with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes in Fars Province based on Prescribed Prescriptions including Insulin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz Amiri ◽  
Alireza Mirahmadizadeh ◽  
Saeed Seyfi
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
The Cost

Background: Diabetes is considered one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the world, and if it is not cured, it can have many side effects and expenses. The current study has been conducted to calculate the cost of insulin applied in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes who are younger than 19 years old in 2016 and 2017. Methods: The current study is a descriptive and cross-sectional study We investigated all registered prescriptions of social security and health insurance in this study. The price of each insulin was calculated through the official website of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Ultimately, the cost of insulin has been calculated based on gender, age group, and insurance types under the age of 19 in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes and those without insulin-dependent diabetes. Data has been analyzed using SPSS24. The frequency command is used to obtain the percentages. Results: In this study, 1135105 insured cases younger than 19 years old were investigated, which females consisted almost half of the insured cases (51 %), and most of them were in the age group of 2-7 years (34 %), and 50 % of the participants in this study were covered by social security insurance. The treatment of each patient with insulin-dependent diabetes included a cost of $ 1187 and $ 1309, respectively, in 2016 and 2017, and $ 1.4 and $ 1.7 respectively (1$ = 42,000 Rials), for each person under the age of 19 in the general population. Conclusion: The results achieved by the mentioned study explained that nearly remarkable cost is spent on preparing insulin for patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus every year. This amount is increasing, and it is essential to predict insulin needs for the future according to the insulin consumption changes.

Rapid detection of Rotavirus antigen in stool sample of acute diarrheic children

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Sushmita Roy ◽  
S.M. Shamsuzzaman ◽  
K.Z. Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Stool Sample ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stool Samples

Rotavirus is one of the leading causes of pediatric diarrhea globally. Accurate and rapid diagnosis of Rotavirus diarrhea should reduce unnecessary use of antibiotics and ultimately reduce drug resistance. Study was designed for rapid diagnosis of Rotavirus antigen in stool sample by ICT (Immunochromatographic test) as well as to observe the seasonal variation of rotavirus infection. This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Microbiology, Dhaka Medical College from January 2011 to December 2011. Eighty stool samples were collected from Dhaka Shishu Hospital and Dhaka Medical College Hospital. All samples were tested for rotavirus antigen by ICT. Among 80 patients, 42 (52.5%) samples were positive for rotavirus antigen. Among these 42 positive samples, 30 (71.43%) were from 0-12 months of age group, 10 (23.81%) from 13 to 24 months of age group and rest 2 (4.76%) from 25 to 36 months of age group. Rotavirus Ag was detected in stool samples from January to April and another peak episode from October to December. Considering the importance of Rotavirus associated diarrhea, rapid detection of Rotavirus infection in human is substantially needed and should be routinely practiced.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i1.19354 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2012; 06(01): 11-13

Suicidal Death Autopsy Analysis at Dhaka Medical College

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Hossain ◽  
Z Rahman ◽  
S Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Autopsy Report ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Suicidal Death

A cross sectional study was carried out at the department of Forensic Medicine in Dhaka Medical College during the period of January 2008 to December 2009. Data were collected from 3rd copy of the post mortem reports which were preserved in the department of Forensic Medicine with the verbal consent of the doctors who performed autopsy report. During this period total 5114 autopsies were conducted. Out of this 970 cases (19%) were suicidal in nature. It was noticed that all suicidal deaths occurred from 10 years to all age group respectively, but top amongst age group of suicidal deaths occurred in between 21 to 30 years of people. Suicidal deaths are more common in female than male. Suicidal deaths due to hanging is highest, next common causes of death due to organophosphorus compund poisoning. Suicidal deaths by hanging is more in female than male but in poisoning cases male are more lvictimised than female. Objectives of our study are to see the occurrence and methods of suicidal death. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v40i1.9957 BMJ 2011; 40(1): 18-21

End Organ Damage in Hypertensive Geriatric Age Group: A Cross Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Prakashkumar Kyada ◽  
Kunal Jadhav ◽  
T. K. Biswas ◽  
Varshil Mehta ◽  
Sojib Bin Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Isolated Systolic Hypertension ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
End Organ Damage ◽  
Common Risk Factors

Objective: Hypertension is one of the common risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases/disorders A developing country like India faces the double burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases; of the which, hypertension is the most important treatable cause of mortality and morbidity with loss of functional capacity and decline in the quality of life. Aim: To study the prevalence of end organ damage in the hypertensive geriatric age group. Method: The present study was a cross sectional study, conducted in 150 elderly patients admitted in MGM Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India with the diagnosis of stage I or II hypertension from 2011 to 2013. Results: Data analysis of the present study showed that 68% of elderly population aged between 60 to 69 years were suffering from hypertension. Compared to males, females had a higher rate of target organ damage. This study found that out of all patients with total end organ damage, 54.6 % had CVS complications, 15.7 % had hypertensive retinopathy, 25.9 % and 18.51 had raised creatinine and proteinuria respectively. 19.4 % had cerebrovascular accident (CVA) complications. Among Cardiovascular related complications Coronary artery disease (CAD) was found in 21 patients, out of them 7 had Congestive cardiac Failure (CCF). Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) was the most common complication and seen in 38 patients. 13.8 % patients had Regional Wall Motion Abnormality (RWMA) Conclusion: The present study concluded that Isolated Systolic Hypertension (ISH) is the commonest type of hypertension in geriatric age group. This study concluded that the most common risk factors of HTN in the elderly are sedentary life style, dyslipidemia and extra salt intake while the most common end organ damage was observed to be Left Ventricular Hypertrophy followed by renal dysfunction. Keywords:  Hypertension,  Isolated Systolic Hypertension, Dyslipidemia.

Health Status of Senior Citizens: A Cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Beniwal ◽  
Chandrakala Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Average Health

Aging is a series of processes that begin with life and continue throughout the lifecycle. It represents the closing period in the lifespan, a time when the individual looks back on life, lives on past accomplishments and begins to finish off his life course. It represents the accumulation of changes in person over time. The study aims to investigate the health status of senior citizens. The present study was carried out in Hisar and Sirsa district of Haryana state. A total of 400 elderly equally representing both males and females of age group 65-70 years were selected randomly for the study. Modified inventory developed by Khan and Lal (2011) was used to assess health status of senior citizens. The results of the study elucidated that health status of senior citizens depicted that 54.25 per cent of the total respondents had average health status followed by good (25.25%) and poor health status (20.50%). The most common health problems reported by the senior citizens were joint pains, back pains, blood pressure, and chest pain etc. Gender wise comparison of total sample further pointed out that females were poor in their health against males.

HIGH PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITON AND WORM INFECTION AMONG VAN KIEU AND PAKOH CHILDREN AGED 12-36 MONTHS IN DAKRONG DISTRICT, QUANG TRI PROVINCE

2012 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Thi Lan Tran ◽  
Thi Huong Le ◽  
Xuan Ninh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Group Recommendation ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Very High

Objectives: Assess the nutritional status, worm infection status and some related factors among children aged 12-36 months of Dakrong district, Quang Tri province. Subject and method: A cross sectional study was carried out in 2010, in 680 children aged 12-36 months in 4 communes of Dakrong district, Quang Tri province. Results: The malnutrition rate was 55.0% for underweight, 66.5% for stunting and 16.2% for wasting. The prevalence of malnutrition increases by age group. The prevalence of worm infection was 31.6%, the highest prevalence was belong to Ascaris infection (24.6%), followed by Hookworm and Trichuris (6.5% and 6.2%, respectively). The prevalence of worm infection among children under two is very high (27.0%). The prevalence of worm infection was distributed quite equally between the malnutrition children group and normal children group. Recommendation: Early deworming forchildren from 12 months should be considered as important strategy against the malnutrition of children in Dakrong district, Quang Tri province

Assessment of COVID-19 Related Misinformation among the Community in Basrah, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (CSI) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Ali Al-Rubaye ◽  
Dhurgham Abdulwahid ◽  
Aymen Albadran ◽  
Abbas Ejbary ◽  
Laith Alrubaiy
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
The Public ◽  
First Case ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Central District

Background: There has been a rapid rise in cases of COVID-19 infection and its mortality rate since the first case reported in February 2020. This led to the rampant dissemination of misinformation and rumors about the disease among the public. Objectives: To investigate the scale of public misinformation about COVID-19 in Basrah, Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on a 22-item questionnaire to assess public knowledge and understanding of information related to the COVID-19 infection. Results: A total of 483 individuals completed the questionnaire. The most frequent age group was 26–35 years (28.2%); there were 280 (58%) males and 203 (42%) females. Of the participants, 282 (58.4%) were with an education level below the Bachelor’s degree, 342 (70.8%) were married, and 311 (64%) were living in districts in Basra other than the central district. Overall, 50.8% (11.8/ 22 * 100%) of individuals had the correct information regarding COVID-19. There was a significant association between the level of COVID-19 related misinformation and participants’ educational levels and occupation (p <0.05). However, there was no significant difference found across sex, age group, marital state, and area of residence. Conclusions: Misinformation related to COVID-19 is widely spread and has to be addressed in order to control the pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19, misinformation, knowledge, Iraq

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