scholarly journals 'Silymarin' a Potential Treatment Targeting Hepatic Fibrosis of Schistosomiasis

2021 ◽  
pp. 237-255
Author(s):  
Maimonah Alghanmi ◽  
Aziza Alrafiah
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Level ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Initial Infection ◽  
Hepatocyte Regeneration ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Area Percentage ◽  
Alternative Drugs

Background: Despite all treatment and control efforts, schistosomiasis still thrives in humanity. It is endemic in 78 countries that are anchored by poverty and diseases. Until now, the broad-spectrum praziquantel (PZQ) drug is the only effective treatment of choice. However, reports documented some side effects for PZQ like haemorrhage in lung tissues, resistance, and inefficacy to treat fibrotic tissues. Therefore, alternative drugs that help in reducing the undesired effects of schistosomiasis are required. This study examined the efficacy of Silymarin in interfering with the fibrogenesis process using a mouse model. Silymarin is a herbal extract known to have flavonoids and polyphenols that help in reducing the inflammatory reaction, stimulating hepatocyte regeneration, and inhibiting the fibrogenesis process. Methods: A total of thirty adult tBALB/c male mice were divided into negative, chronically infected control and treated groups. All were killed after 18 weeks from the initial infection. Different histopathological investigations and liver function tests were carried out to detect the difference between the groups. Results: Administration of Silymarin exhibited a significant improvement in all associated histopathology with a considerable decline in the area percentage of collagen fibers. It restored the elevated level of serum ALT as well. Conclusion: Silymarin as a treatment for chronic hepatopathies will only be successful if started during the acute phase of the disease.

Analysis of the horizontal structure of a measurement and control geodetic network based on entropy

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Mrówczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Geodetic Network ◽  
The State ◽  
Observation System ◽  
Optimum Number ◽  
Optimum Structure ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control ◽  
Horizontal Displacements

Abstract The paper attempts to determine an optimum structure of a directional measurement and control network intended for investigating horizontal displacements. For this purpose it uses the notion of entropy as a logarithmical measure of probability of the state of a particular observation system. An optimum number of observations results from the difference of the entropy of the vector of parameters ΔHX̂ (x)corresponding to one extra observation. An increment of entropy interpreted as an increment of the amount of information about the state of the system determines the adoption or rejection of another extra observation to be carried out.

PENINGKATAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA SMP MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanti Jumaisyaroh Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Mathematic Teacher ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Regulated Learning ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Direct Learning ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Learning Data

The purposes of this research were to know: the difference of improvement in self-regulated learning of students that given problem-based learning with students that given  direct learning. The type of this research is a quasi-experimental research by taking samples from the existing population. The variable of this research consist of independent variable that is problem based learning model while the dependent variable isself regulated learning of student.The population of this research is all students of SMP Swasta Ar-rahman Percut and the sample of this research is grade eight with taken sample two classes (experiment and control)  with total 60 students. The instrument of this research were: scale of self-regulated learning. Data that have been collected then analyzed and performed hypothesis testing by using T-test. Based of the results analysis, it showed that: improvment  of the students’ self-regulated learning that given problem-based learning was higher than the students’ ability that given direct learning His then, suggested that problem-based learning be used as an alternative for mathematic teacher to improved students’ ability in mathematical critical thinking and self-regulated learning.

FINANCIAL CONTROLLING IN THE SYSTEM OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Petya Yordanova – Dinova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
And Control

This paper explores the comparative analysis of the financial controlling, who is a result from the common controlling concept and the financial management. In the specialized literature, financial controlling is seen as an innovative approach to financial management. It is often presented as the most promising instrument of financial diagnostics. Generally speaking, financial controlling is seen as a process of managing the company`s assets which are valued in monetary measures. The difference between the financial management and the financial controlling is that the second covers all functions of management, analysis and control of finances, aiming at maximizing their effective use and increasing the value of the enterprise. Financial controlling is often seen as a function of the common practice of financial management. Its objective is to preserve the financial stability and financial sustainability of enterprises operating in a highly aggressive business environment.

scholarly journals Effects of Clonostachys rosea f. catenula Inoculum on the Composting of Cabbage Wastes and the Endophytic Activities of the Composted Material on Tomatoes and Red Spider Mite Infestation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1184
Author(s):  
Nomfusi Ntsobi ◽  
Morris Fanadzo ◽  
Marilize Le Roes-Hill ◽  
Felix Nchu
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Fungal Treatment ◽  
Tomato Seed ◽  
Clonostachys Rosea ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Red Spider Mite ◽  
Phytotoxicity Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

Globally, fungal inocula are being explored as agents for the optimization of composting processes. This research primarily evaluates the effects of inoculating organic vegetable heaps with the entomopathogenic fungus Clonostachys rosea f. catenula (Hypocreales) on the biophysicochemical properties of the end-product of composting. Six heaps of fresh cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) waste were inoculated with C. rosea f. catenula conidia and another six were not exposed to the fungus. The composted materials from the fungus- and control-treated heaps were subsequently used as a medium to cultivate tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum). The biophysicochemical characteristics of the composted materials were also assessed after composting. In addition, the protective effect of the fungal inoculum against red spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) infestations in the tomatoes was evaluated through the determination of conidial colonization of the plant tissue and the number of plants infested by the insect. Furthermore, phytotoxicity tests were carried out post experiment. There were few significant variations (p < 0.05) in heap temperature or moisture level between treatments based on the weekly data. We found no significant differences in the levels of compost macronutrient and micronutrient constituents. Remarkably, the composted materials, when incorporated into a growth medium from fungus-treated heaps, induced a 100% endophytic tissue colonization in cultivated tomato plants. While fewer red spider mite infestations were observed in tomato plants grown in composted materials from fungus-treated heaps, the difference was not significant (χ2 = 0.96 and p = 0.32). The fungal treatment yielded composted materials that significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced tomato seed germination, and based on the phytotoxicity test, the composted samples from the heaps exposed to the C. rosea f. catenula inoculum were not toxic to tomato seeds and seedlings. In conclusion, this study showed that C. rosea f. catenula improved the quality of composted materials in terms of fungal endophytism and seed germination.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Impact of Floods on Housing Price Using a Spatial Matching Difference-In-Differences (SM-DID) Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 804
Author(s):  
Jean Dubé ◽  
Maha AbdelHalim ◽  
Nicolas Devaux
Keyword(s):  
Housing Price ◽  
Hedonic Pricing ◽  
Environmental Amenities ◽  
Sale Price ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Hedonic Pricing Model ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Many applications have relied on the hedonic pricing model (HPM) to measure the willingness-to-pay (WTP) for urban externalities and natural disasters. The classic HPM regresses housing price on a complete list of attributes/characteristics that include spatial or environmental amenities (or disamenities), such as floods, to retrieve the gradients of the market (marginal) WTP for such externalities. The aim of this paper is to propose an innovative methodological framework that extends the causal relations based on a spatial matching difference-in-differences (SM-DID) estimator, and which attempts to calculate the difference between sale price for similar goods within “treated” and “control” groups. To demonstrate the potential of the proposed spatial matching method, the researchers present an empirical investigation based on the case of a flood event recorded in the city of Laval (Québec, Canada) in 1998, using information on transactions occurring between 1995 and 2001. The research results show that the impact of flooding brings a negative premium on the housing price of about 20,000$ Canadian (CAN).

scholarly journals The impact of a ‘milking the COW’ campaign in a regional hospital in Singapore

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surinder Kaur M. S. Pada ◽  
Poh Lishi ◽  
Kim Sim Ng ◽  
Sarathamani Rethenam ◽  
Lilibeth Silagan Alenton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Mixed Model Analysis ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Skin Flora ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Computerisation of various processes in hospitals and reliance on electronic devices raises the concern of contamination of these devices from the patient environment. We undertook this study to determine if an attached hand hygiene device that unlocks the screen of a computer on wheels (COW) on usage can be effective in decreasing the microbiological burden on computer keyboards. Methods An electronic hand sanitizer was integrated onto the COW. A prospective cohort study with a crossover design involving 2 control and 2 intervention wards was used. The study end point was the number of colony forming units found on the keyboards. Bacteria were classified into 4 main groups; pathogenic, skin flora, from the environment or those thought to be commensals in healthy individuals. We then used a mixed effects model for the statistical analysis to determine if there were any differences before and after the intervention. Results Thirty-nine keyboards were swabbed at baseline, day 7 and 14, with 234 keyboards cultured, colony forming units (CFUs) counted and organisms isolated. By mixed model analysis, the difference of mean bacteria count between intervention and control for week 1 was 32.74 (− 32.74, CI − 94.29 to 28.75, p = 0.29), for week 2 by 155.86 (− 155.86, CI − 227.45 to − 83.53, p < 0.0001), and after the 2-week period by 157.04 (− 157.04, CI − 231.53 to − 82.67, p < 0.0001). In the sub-analysis, there were significant differences of pathogenic bacteria counts for the Intervention as compared to the Control in contrast with commensal counts. Conclusion A hand hygiene device attached to a COW may be effective in decreasing the microbiological burden on computer keyboards.

scholarly journals Entanglement and the Modern Australian Rhythm Method: Lantana’s Lessons in Policing Sexuality and Gender

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty Duncanson ◽  
Catriona Elder ◽  
Murray Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Dance Teacher ◽  
Know How ◽  
Good People ◽  
Cultural Medium ◽  
Sexuality And Gender ◽  
Australian Community ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Protection And Control ◽  
And Control

Film in Australia, as with many other nations, is often seen as an important cultural medium where national stories about belonging and identity can be (re)produced in pleasurable and, at times, complicated ways. One such film is Ray Lawrence’s Lantana. Although striking a chord in Australia as a good film about ‘ basically good people’, people that rang ‘brilliantly’ true (Lantana DVD 2002), this paper argues that, at the same time as it produces a fantasy of a ‘good’ Australia, the film also conducts a regulation of what constitutes Australianness. In many ways the imaginary of Australia offered in this film, to its contemporary, urban, professional and intellectual elite audience, still draws on and (re)produces a vision of an Australian community that uses the same narrative frameworks of protection and control as the cruder discourses of ‘white Australia’ offered to an earlier generation of cinema-goers. This film’s central motif of the lantana bush, the out of control weed, that is known as both foreign and local is here emblematic of tensions about belonging, place and otherness. Yet while, within the film’s knowingly reflexive purview any remaining potential for racism is understood and itself under control – we know how to be good mutliculturalists –it is the trope of sexuality in Lantana that provides the real sense of edginess and anxiety about belonging. It is in this arena that the film sets up an idea of danger and –less self-consciously, and in the end more aggressively – marks out who is and who is not part of the community. In this context the motif of lantana signals an ambivalence about difference and the exotic. Lantana is both desirable because of the difference in its attractive Latin looks and repulsive or feared because of other qualities inherent within its difference: a refusal to behave and a propensity to get out-of control, spread and potentially take over. The film here explores desire for a taste of the other (a gay man, a newly separated woman, a Latin dance teacher). However, these fantasies are in the end emphatically shut down as the film ends by producing a vision of subtly normalised hetero, mono, familial (though not necessarily happy) forms of desiring, loving and reproducing in contemporary Australia.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Difference between Virtual and Paper-Based Clinical Cases in Family Medicine Undergraduate Education

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zalika Klemenc-Ketis ◽  
Branka Cagran ◽  
Dejan Dinevski
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Virtual Patient ◽  
Educational Outcome ◽  
Factual Knowledge ◽  
Virtual Patients ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Clinical Cases

Introduction. A “virtual patient” is defined as a computer program which simulates real patients’ cases. The aim of this study was to determine whether the inclusion of virtual patients affects the level of factual knowledge of family medicine students at the undergraduate level. Methods. This was a case-controlled prospective study. The students were randomly divided into experimental (EG: N=51) and control (CG: N=48) groups. The students in the EG were asked to practice diagnosis using virtual patients instead of the paper-based clinical cases which were solved by the students in the CG. The main observed variable in the study was knowledge of family medicine, determined by 50 multiple choice questions (MCQs) about knowledge of family medicine. Results. There were no statistically significant differences in the groups’ initial knowledge. At the final assessment of knowledge, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups, but there was a statistically significant difference between their initial and final knowledge. Conclusions. The study showed that adding virtual patient cases to the curriculum, instead of paper clinical cases, did not affect the level of factual knowledge about family medicine. Virtual patients can be used, but a significant educational outcome is not expected.

Implementation of Wide-Area and Interconnected FPGA of Embedded Devices

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 3102-3105
Author(s):  
Qin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Functional Module ◽  
Logic Device ◽  
Industrial Control ◽  
Embedded Internet ◽  
Programmable Device ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Development Tendency ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control

Integration with Internet is the development tendency of industrial control network, and embedded Internet technique is the key of implementation. By analyzing field bus Technology and combining actual demand, the paper proposes dial-up high-density programmable logic device solution of remote embedded measurement and control equipment. For the purpose of implementing reuse of design modules and upgrading requirement, the paper systematically expounds top-down hierarchy design method for implementing functional module division. According to the difference of implementation complexity because of the difference of functions, the paper finally analyzes the characteristics and applications of programmable device, and proposes the improvement direction.

Abstract 28: Omeprazole Administration To Women With Preterm Preeclampsia: Effects On Circulating Soluble Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase-1, Placental Growth Factor And Endothelin-1 Secretion.

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rugina I Neuman ◽  
Willy Visser ◽  
Jan H Danser
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Placental Growth Factor ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Longitudinal Course ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Circulating Levels

Low soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFlt-1) has been reported in women with suspected or confirmed preeclampsia (PE) coincidentally using proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), suggesting a role for these agents as potential treatment for PE. Here, we examined whether administration of omeprazole to women with PE could acutely reduce their circulating levels of sFlt-1 or enhance their placental growth factor (PlGF) concentrations. We performed a randomized controlled trial in which women (≥ 18 years) with confirmed preeclampsia and a gestational age between 20 +0 and 34 +6 weeks were allocated to receive 40mg omeprazole once daily or no omeprazole. Blood was collected at baseline and days 1,2,4,8 followed by twice-weekly until delivery. Primary outcome was specified as the difference in sFlt-1 or PlGF 4 days after omeprazole initiation compared to the non-omeprazole group. Secondary outcomes were defined as between-group differences in longitudinal course of sFlt-1 and PlGF and pregnancy outcomes. Between Dec 2018 and June 2021, 50 women with PE were randomized, of which 40 women remained pregnant after 4 days. Mean maternal age was 30 years, and median gestational age was 31 weeks. Baseline sFlt-1 levels did not differ between non-omeprazole (n=20) and omeprazole group (n=20) (10743 vs. 7110pg/mL, p=0.11), neither did the levels of PlGF (p=0.14). After 4 days, sFlt-1 levels remained similar in women receiving omeprazole compared to women not receiving omeprazole (8364 vs. 13017pg/mL, p=0.14), and the same was true for PlGF (90 vs. 55pg/mL, p=0.14). Using linear mixed models, no difference in longitudinal course of sFlt-1 or PlGF could be attributed to the treatment group, when adjusted for baseline values and GA at enrollment (p=0.47). Women receiving omeprazole had a similar length of pregnancy compared with those not receiving this drug (median 15 vs. 14 days, p=0.70). Except for a higher neonatal intubation rate in the non-omeprazole group (31% vs 4%, p=0.02) there were no differences in maternal/perinatal complications between the two groups. Our findings suggest that daily administration of 40mg in women with PE do not alter their circulating levels of sFlt-1 and PlGF, arguing against a role for this drug as a potential treatment for this syndrome.

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