scholarly journals Oxidative Effects in Streptozotocin-induced Male and Female Mice: The Effect of Garlic Oil and Melatonin

2021 ◽  
pp. 336-343
Author(s):  
Abeer Al-Rashedi ◽  
Banan Al-Johari ◽  
Rahaf Al-Abbasi ◽  
Raghdh Sindi ◽  
Rawan Bin Hameed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Garlic Oil ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Oxidative Effects

Background: Recent studies have revealed that a hyperglycemia-induced overproduction of superoxide can be the first event in the activation of all pathways involved in the pathogenesis of complications of diabetes. Supplementation of garlic was found to decrease diabetes-induced oxidative stress complications. Studies shown also that melatonin attenuates diabetes‐induced oxidative stress in diabetic induced rabbits and rats. Objective: In this present study, oxidative stress in diabetic model and the effect of garlic oil or melatonin treatment were examined in both genders' male and females' mice. Methods: 96 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups including control (C), diabetic (D), melatonin 10 mg/kg (D+M), garlic extract 100 mg/kg (D+G) and combined melatonin and garlic (D+M+G). All treatments were given orally daily for 16 weeks after induction of hyperglycemia by streptozocin (STZ). Fasting blood glucose and antioxidant levels were estimated. Results: Streptozotocin induced diabetic mice, showed a significant increase of plasma glucose, lipid peroxide and uric acid. Accordingly, significant decreases in the levels of antioxidants ceruloplasmin were found in the plasma of diabetic mice. Treatment of diabetic mice with garlic oil or melatonin for 16 weeks significantly increased plasma levels of ceruloplasmin activities. Lipid peroxides, uric acid, blood glucose was decreased significantly after treatment with garlic oil or melatonin. Conclusion: The results suggest that garlic oil or melatonin may effectively normalize the impaired antioxidants status in streptozotocin induced diabetes in both males and females mice.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic and antioxidative activities of ethanol seed extract of Hunteria umbellate (Hallier F.) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olubanke O. Ogunlana ◽  
Babatunde O. Adetuyi ◽  
Miracle Rotimi ◽  
lohor Esalomi ◽  
Alaba Adeyemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Group 5

Abstract Background Diabetes, a global cause of mortality in developing countries is a chronic disorder affecting the metabolism of macromolecules and has been attributed to the defective production and action of insulin characterized by persistent hyperglycemic properties. This global disorder harms organs of the body such as the liver, kidney and spleen. Medicinal plants such as Hunteria umbellate have been shown to possess hypoglycemic, antioxidative and anti-diabetic properties owing to the high concentration of active phytochemical constituents like flavonoids and alkaloids. The present study seeks to evaluate the hypoglycemic activities of ethanolic seed extract of Hunteria umbellate on streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats. Methods Thirty (30) female experimental rats were randomly divided into five groups with six rats per group and were administered streptozotocin (STZ) and Hunteria umbellate as follows. Group 1 served as control and was given only distilled water, group 2 rats were administered 60 mg/kg STZ; Group 3 was administered 60 mg/kg STZ and 100 mg/kg metformin; group 4 rats were administered 60 mg/kg STZ and 800 mg/kg Hunteria umbellate, group 5 rats 60 mg/kg STZ and 400 mg/kg Hunteria umbellate. The fasting blood glucose level of each rat was measured before sacrifice. Rats were then sacrificed 24 h after the last dose of treatment. Results The results showed that Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced increase in fasting blood glucose and increase in body and organs weight of rats. Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced decrease in antioxidant enzyme in liver, kidney and spleen of rats. Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced increase in oxidative stress markers in liver, kidney and spleen of rats. Conclusion Collectively, our results provide convincing information that inhibition of oxidative stress and regulation of blood glucose level are major mechanisms through which Hunteria umbellate protects against streptozotocin-induced diabketes rats.

scholarly journals Lack of Associations between Elevated Serum Uric Acid and Components of Metabolic Syndrome Such as Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, and T2DM in Overweight and Obese Chinese Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Qifa Song ◽  
Xi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Chinese Adults

The overweight and obese population experiences a higher occurrence of both hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome. The present study was to explore the relationship between serum uric acid and metabolic syndrome-related risk factors among 409 obese Chinese adults (254 women and 155 men) with >24 kg/m2 BMI. Based on sex-specific reference ranges, 233 (57%) patients showed elevated serum uric acid. A total of 15 attributes were selected to assess the associations between elevated serum uric acid and components of metabolic syndrome, including serum uric acid, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglyceride, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, HOMA-IR, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, urine microalbumin, muscle mass amount, BMI, and age. Among the participants stratified into three groups of grade I, grade II, and grade III obesity, as well as among the participants stratified into male and female groups, univariate correlation analysis identified a negative association (P<0.01) for age, positive associations (P<0.01) for BMI, muscle mass, alanine aminotransferase, and creatinine. The stepwise multivariate logistic regression proved similar associations for age, BMI, creatinine, and alanine aminotransferase. No significant associations were testified between serum uric acid levels and cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, HOMA-IR, and urine microalbumin. Factor analysis illustrated that 15 attributes could be grouped into two common factors and five individual factors. A common underlying factor was identified among uric acid, muscle mass, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, and BMI. The results indicate that serum uric acid has no apparent association with metabolic syndromes that are commonly characterized by hypertension, dyslipidemia, and T2DM.

scholarly journals The Protective Role of Hydrogen Sulfide Against Obesity-Associated Cellular Stress in Blood Glucose Regulation

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1038
Author(s):  
Ania Mezouari ◽  
Radhika Nangia ◽  
Jeffrey Gagnon
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
L Cells ◽  
L Cell

Circulating palmitic acid (PA) is increased in obesity and causes metabolic stress, leading to diabetes. This includes the impairment of the glucoregulatory hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secreted from intestinal L-cells. Recently, the anti-inflammatory gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been implicated in the enhancement of GLP-1 secretion. We hypothesized that H2S can reduce the oxidative stress caused by palmitate and play a protective role in L-cell function. This study was conducted on both human and mouse L-cells and a mouse model of Western diet (WD)-induced obesity. PA-induced L-cell stress was assessed using DCF-DA. H2S was delivered using the donor GYY4137. C57BL/6 mice were fed either chow diet or PA-enriched WD for 20 weeks with ongoing measurements of glycemia and GLP-1 secretion. In both L-cell models, we demonstrated that PA caused an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). This ROS induction was partially blocked by the H2S administration. In mice, the WD elevated body weight in both sexes and elevated fasting blood glucose and lipid peroxidation in males. Additionally, a single GYY4137 injection improved oral glucose tolerance in WD-fed male mice and also enhanced glucose-stimulated GLP-1 release. To conclude, H2S reduces oxidative stress in GLP-1 cells and can improve glucose clearance in mice.

Inhibitory Effect of Astraxanthin Combined with Flavangenol® on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Streptozotocin-Iduced Diabetic Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (45) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masako Nakano ◽  
Natsumi Orimo ◽  
Nakako Katagiri ◽  
Masahito Tsubata ◽  
Jiro Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cataract Formation ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

In this study, the effect of dietary antioxidants, such as astaxanthin and Flavangenol®, and a combination of both, in counteracting oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetes was investigated. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were divided into four groups: control, astaxanthin, Flavangenol, and combined astaxanthin and Flavangenol (mix group). Each group other than the control group was fed with an astaxanthin diet (0.1 g/kg), Flavangenol diet (2.0 g/kg), or an astaxanthin (0.1 g/kg)-Flavangenol (2.0 g/kg) mixture diet, respectively. After 12 weeks of feeding, the results showed that the lipid peroxide levels of plasma and lens and the plasma triglyceride (TG) level in the mix group were significantly decreased by 44%, 20%, and 20%, respectively, compared with the control group. In the mix group, lipid peroxidation was also significantly reduced by 70% in the liver and 20% in the kidney compared with the control group. Furthermore, the level of urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the mix group was significantly lower, 36%, than the control group. The α-tocopherol concentrations in the plasma, liver, and kidney in the astaxanthin and mix groups were significantly higher, 3-9 times, than in the control group. The degree of cataract formation in the Flavangenol and mix groups tended to be lower than the control group. These results indicate that the combination of astaxanthin with Flvangenol has an improved protective effect on oxidative stress associated with streptozotocin-induced diabetes than either agent used alone. Thus, this combination may be beneficial in preventing the progression of diabetic complications.

scholarly journals Vascular Remodeling, Oxidative Stress, and Disrupted PPARγExpression in Rats of Long-Term Hyperhomocysteinemia with Metabolic Disturbance

PPAR Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajing Huo ◽  
Xuqing Wu ◽  
Jing Ding ◽  
Yang Geng ◽  
Weiwei Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Endothelium Dysfunction ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Hyperhomocysteinemia, a risk factor for vascular disease, is associated with metabolic syndrome. Our study was aimed at exploring the effect of long-term hyperhomocysteinemia with metabolic disturbances on vascular remodeling. We also studied oxidative stress and expression of PPARγin the coronary arteriole as a possible mechanism underlying vascular remodeling. Rats were treated with standard rodent chow (Control) or diet enriched in methionine (Met) for 48 weeks. Plasma homocysteine, blood glucose, serum lipids, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured. Coronary arteriolar and carotid arterial remodeling was assessed by histomorphometric techniques and the expression of PPARγin vessel wall was investigated. In Met group, an increase in the level of fasting blood glucose, serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, MDA, and NO, a decline in the serum SOD level, and increased collagen deposition in coronary and carotid arteries were found. Moreover, we detected decreased expression of PPARγin the coronary arterioles in Met group. In summary, our study revealed metabolic disturbances in this model of long-term hyperhomocysteinemia together with vascular remodeling and suggested that impaired oxidative stress, endothelium dysfunction, and decreased PPARγexpression in the vessel wall could be underlying mechanisms.

scholarly journals Effects of menopause and tibolone on antioxidants in postmenopausal women

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perin Vural ◽  
Cemil Akgül ◽  
Mukaddes Canbaz
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Thiol Groups ◽  
Plasma Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Total Thiol ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of ageing and menopause, and can arise through the increased production of lipid peroxides and/or a deficiency of antioxidant defence. Aim: To investigate the effects of the menopause and tibolone treatment (2.5 mg/day for six months) on plasma antioxidants and lipid peroxidation. Methods: Plasma concentrations of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, total thiol groups, caeruloplasmin, erythrocyte glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in 24 postmenopausal and 24 premenopausal healthy women. Results: Data analysis indicates a significant decrease in plasma ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, total thiol groups, caeruloplasmin, erythrocyte GSH and a significant increase in lipid peroxides (expressed as MDA concentrations) in postmenopausal women. There was no significant difference between control and study groups in the mean plasma caeruloplasmin concentrations. It was found that there is a significant increase in α-tocopherol and significant decrease in lipid peroxide concentrations in postmenopausal after tibolone treatment. Conclusions: The menopause is associated with an increase in oxidative stress and a decrease of some antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, total thiols and erythrocyte GSH. Tibolone treatment leads to a decrease in concentrations of plasma lipid peroxide, probably by stimulating direct and indirect mechanisms of tocopherol regeneration and increasing plasma concentrations of vitamin E. However, due to the relatively small numbers involved this study can be regarded as a pilot. Further studies performed on a larger scale are necessary to establish the exact mechanisms of tibolone in inhibiting oxidative stress in postmenopausal women.

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