THE ECONOMIC VALUE OP A NEW BREAKWATER ARMOUR UNIT 'DOLOS'

The Dolos, a new type of armour unit which closely resembles a normal ship's anchor, was developed and tried out under field conditions on the main breakwater of East London harbour. Since these full-scale Dolosse proved very successful, tests were made in a wave channel to compare the stability of Dolosse with other known types of armour blocks. The test results showed that the Dolos is outstandingly stable, and since manufacture and random placing of Dolosse offers no particular difficulties it is concluded that in many cases the use of Dolosse in armour layers may lead to more economical solutions for rubble mound breakwater and shore protection works.

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A SIMPLE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF WAVE MOTION ON A RUBBLE MOUND BREAKWATER SLOPE

Coastal Engineering Proceedings ◽

10.9753/icce.v8.26 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (8) ◽

pp. 26

Author(s):

Anton Brandtzaeg

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Wave Motion ◽

Point Of View ◽

Glass Panel ◽

Wave Channel ◽

First Approximation ◽

Rubble Mound ◽

The Stability ◽

Rubble Mound Breakwaters ◽

Made In

In the improvement of design criteria for the layer of cover blocks on rubble mound breakwaters important advance has been made in recent years (l), (2), (3). Still, some points seem to require further study, among them the effect of the specific weights of block material and fluid on the stability of the cover. In this respect the magnitude of the fluid accelerations involved, of which little information is available may be of some importance. For evaluation of the acceleratic as well as for other purposes, a roughly approximate mathematic description of the motion of the water rushing up and down the breakwater front may be of some use. This motion certainly is neither steady nor uniform. Visual and photographic observation through the glass panel a wave channel seems to indicate, however, that unsteadiness the more important characteristic of the motion during the up and downrush proper. It seems reasonable, therefore, to att€ a first approximation to a description of the motion by neglecting, to a certain extent, its non-uniformity. Necessarily, the same time also the requirement of continuity must be partly disregarded. In the following a mathematical model based on this point of view is presented for consideration. It is believed that by means of this model values of displacements, velocity and accelerations can be calculated, which may reasonably be considered as useful, although quite rough, approximations t< the actual values. For a few particular cases, experimental evidence is reported. The model has reference only to the up- and downrush proper, that is, to the motion of the water above some limit level, at or somewhat below the Still Water Line (referred t< hereafter as the StflL). The motion below this level, where tl downrush meets the oncoming next wave, could hardly be conee of as being uniform.

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Alternative Ways To Study The Impact Of Ground Vibrations From Explosions On The Stability Of Buildings And Structures

The American Journal of Interdisciplinary Innovations and Research ◽

10.37547/tajiir/volume02issue11-23 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 02 (11) ◽

pp. 133-141

Author(s):

Rasul Jumabayevich Tojiyev ◽

◽

Elmurad Muhammadyakubovich Yunusaliev ◽

Ibrohim Numanovich Abdullayev ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Full Scale ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Ground Vibrations ◽

Gas Detonation ◽

Scale Field ◽

Seismic Vibrations ◽

Detonation Method ◽

The Stability ◽

The Impact ◽

Design Construction

The existing basic methods of studying the propagation of seismic-explosive waves in various mining-geological and morphological conditions to assess the impact of explosions on buildings and structures are briefly outlined. The results of studying the effect of the influence of the terrain on seismic vibrations during the passage of seismic explosive waves in them are presented. The issues of organizing experiments in full-scale field conditions, the time of which entirely depends on the time of drilling and blasting operations, are highlighted, which significantly slows down the stages of design, construction and operation of buildings and structures. Along with various explosions, as well as existing expensive installations and stands that create artificial vibrations for buildings and structures, it is offered detonation method for creating vibrations in the ground, both in design and construction, so and in the operation of buildings and structures. The detonation method proposed by the authors for creating artificial ground vibrations using a gas detonation unit makes it possible to simplify and accelerate the experiments and reduces labour and material costs.

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STABILITY OF RUBBLE MOUND BREAKWATERS WITH A BERM

Coastal Engineering Proceedings ◽

10.9753/icce.v33.structures.10 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (33) ◽

pp. 10

Author(s):

Marcel Van Gent ◽

Gregory M. Smith ◽

Ivo Van der Werf

Keyword(s):

Rock Slope ◽

Slope Angle ◽

Rock Slope Stability ◽

Rock Slopes ◽

Test Results ◽

Physical Model Tests ◽

Rubble Mound ◽

The Stability ◽

Rubble Mound Breakwaters ◽

Rock Size

The stability of rock slopes with a horizontal berm has been studied by means of physical model tests. This paper is focussed on the rock slope stability of the slopes above and below the berm. By applying a berm the rock size can be reduced compared to the required rock size for a straight slope without a berm. This reduction can be significant for the slope above the berm. The influence of the slope angle (1:2 and 1:4), the width of the berm, the level of the berm, and the wave steepness have been investigated. Based on the test results prediction formulae have been derived to quantify the required rock size for rubble mound breakwaters with a berm.

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The use of model objects in evaluating the effectiveness of DEET-based repellent agents for individual protection against blood-sucking arthropods

Disinfection affairs ◽

10.35411/2076-457x-2021-2-22-29 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 22-29

Author(s):

Olga Mikhaylovna Germant ◽

◽

Natalya Igorevna Shashina ◽

Keyword(s):

Laboratory Experiments ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Scientific Research ◽

Full Scale ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Standard Laboratory ◽

Model Object ◽

Blood Sucking ◽

Individual Protection ◽

Made In

With the aim of unifying and simplifying the assessment of categories of the effectiveness of the repellents funds audited 473 studies 245 samples of repellent remedies on the basis of DEET in various formulations, made in 1995–2019 employees of the Scientific Research Disinfесtology Institute in laboratory and in field conditions. The experiments were conducted in parallel with the standards of the corresponding or expected categories of effectiveness of repellent remedies. The concordance of the results of standard laboratory experiments on a model object Ae. aegypti mosquitoes and the results obtained from testing repellent agents against natural populations of flying blood-sucking insects and taiga ticks is proved. The effectiveness of repellent remedies based on other repellent substances, as well as the effectiveness against other species, should continue to be investigated in full-scale conditions for individuals of natural populations. These remedies should be included in the system of categories of effectiveness of repellent products.

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STABILITY EFFECTS OF CUBE ARMOR UNIT PLACEMENT CONFIGURATIONS IN THE BERM OF A BREAKWATER

Coastal Engineering Proceedings ◽

10.9753/icce.v36.papers.39 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 39

Author(s):

Yalcin YÃ¼ksel ◽

Esin Ã‡evik ◽

Marcel Van Gent ◽

C. Sahin ◽

MÃ¼ge GÃ¼lver GÃ¼ltekin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Test Results ◽

Rubble Mound ◽

The Stability ◽

Rubble Mound Breakwaters ◽

Lower Slope ◽

Upper Slope

For the sake of overtopping, stability and economy, rubble mound breakwaters have been built with a berm in the seaward slope. Here, a breakwater model with cube armour units in the lower slope and a horizontal berm, and rock in the upper slope was tested experimentally. The purpose of the study was to investigate the stability of berms for two different configurations of the transition of armor units from the lower slope to the berm. Based on the test results, an effective configuration of cube units at the transition has been obtained.

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THE STABILITY OF RUBBLE MOUND BREAKWATERS AGAINST IRREGULAR WAVES

Coastal Engineering Proceedings ◽

10.9753/icce.v10.54 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 1 (10) ◽

pp. 54 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Torkild Carstens ◽

Alf Torum ◽

Anton Tratteberg

Keyword(s):

Wave Spectrum ◽

Model Tests ◽

Irregular Waves ◽

Regular Waves ◽

Destructive Effect ◽

Wave Channel ◽

Stability Data ◽

Rubble Mound ◽

The Stability ◽

Rubble Mound Breakwaters

Through extensive model tests with rubble mound breakwaters conducted in many laboratories in recent years design criteria and stability data have been collected. To our knowledge such data have been based on tests with regular waves only. It has been more or less accepted that the destructive effect of a train of regular waves corresponds to a confused sea with a significant wave height equal to the height of the regular waves. At the Rxver and Harbour Research Laboratory at the Technical University of Norway a new wave channel has been equipped with a programmed wave generator which can produce irregular waves wxth any wanted wave spectrum. This paper deals with model tests of the stability of rubble mound breakwaters against irregular waves as compared with regular waves.

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Experimental study of the strength and durability of metal-composite high-pressure tanks

Industrial laboratory Diagnostics of materials ◽

10.26896/1028-6861-2019-85-1-i-49-56 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 85 (1(I)) ◽

pp. 49-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. M. Lepikhin ◽

V. V. Moskvichev ◽

A. E. Burov ◽

E. V. Aniskovich ◽

A. P. Cherniaev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Strain State ◽

Full Scale ◽

Fracture Mechanisms ◽

Metal Composite ◽

Test Results ◽

Stress Strain ◽

Pneumatic Pressure ◽

Stress Strain State ◽

Composite Tank

The results of unique experimental studies of the strength and service life of a metal-composite high-pressure tank are presented. The goal of the study is to analyze the fracture mechanisms and evaluate the strength characteristics of the structure. The methodology included tests of full-scale samples of the tank for durability under short-term static, long-term static and cyclic loading with internal pneumatic pressure. Generalized test results and data of visual measurements, instrumental and acoustic-emission control of deformation processes, accumulation of damages and destruction of full-scale tank samples are presented. Analysis of the strength and stiffness of the structure exposed to internal pneumatic pressure is presented. The types of limiting states of the tanks have been established experimentally. Change in the stress-strain state of the tank under cyclic and prolonged static loading is considered. Specific features of the mechanisms of destruction of a metal-composite tank are determined taking into account the role of strain of the metal liner. The calculated and experimental estimates of the energy potential of destruction and the size of the area affected upon destruction of the tank are presented. Analysis of test results showed that the tank has high strength and resource characteristics that meet the requirements of the design documentation. The results of the experiments are in good agreement with the results of numerical calculations and analysis of the stress-strain state and mechanisms of destruction of the metal-composite tank.

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Reuse of Sludge from Pulp and Paper Industry Pilot and Full Scale Applications

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1993.0069 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 17-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

V. Eroǧlu ◽

A. M. Saatçi

Keyword(s):

Economic Analysis ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Full Scale ◽

Primary Sludge ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Made In

Recent advances made in the reuse of pulp and paper industry sludges in hardboard production are explained. Data obtained from pilot and full-scale plants using primary sludge of a pulp and paper industry as an additive in the production of hardboard is presented. An economic analysis of the reuse of pulp and paper primary sludge in hardboard manufacturing is given. The quality of the hardboard produced is tested and compared with the qualities of the hardboard produced by the same plant before the addition of primary sludge. The hardboard with primary sludge additive has been used in Turkey for about a year in the manufacturing of office and home furniture. The results are very satisfactory when the primary sludge is used at 1/4 ratio.

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ЦИФРОВОЙ ИЗОЛЯТОР В СПЕЦИАЛИЗИРОВАННОМ КОРПУСЕ, ВЫПОЛНЕННОМ ПО ТЕХНОЛОГИИ LTCC

Nanoindustry Russia ◽

10.22184/1993-8578.2020.13.3s.392.395 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 96 (3s) ◽

pp. 392-395

Author(s):

В.А. Бутузов ◽

А.Е. Назаренко ◽

Н.Ю. Дмитриев ◽

В.А. Трофимов ◽

В.А. Косевский ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Data Rate ◽

Test Results ◽

Made In

Представлены результаты разработки цифрового изолятора на основе интегрального микротрансформатора в специализированном корпусе, выполненном по технологии низкотемпературной совместно обжигаемой керамики (LTCC). Согласно результатам измерений тестовых образцов максимальная скорость передачи данных разработанного цифрового изолятора - не менее 30 Мбит/с. The paper presents the results of the development of a digital insulator based on an integral microtransformer in a specialized package made in technology of low-temperature co-fired ceramics. The isolator is a microassembly consisting of a transceiver chip and an integrated transformer. According to the test results, the maximum data rate speed of the developed digital insulator is not less than 30 Mbit/s.

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