scholarly journals Growth of Brachiaria brizantha planted at different densities and seasons in Santa Fé system with a culture of soybean

2017 ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Eduardo A L Erasmo ◽  
Rogério C Gonçalves ◽  
Jhansley F Da Mata ◽  
Vinícius A Oliveira ◽  
Luíz P F Benício
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Leaf Dry Mass

This study aims to evaluate the density and planting period of the grass Brachiaria brizantha in consortium with the soybean. The study was conducted under field conditions at the experimental station of University of Tocantins. The experimental design used was a randomized block design, in factorial scheme of (2 x 5) + 4, with four repetitions, including both sowing of Brachiaria brizantha (20 and 30 days after the emergence – DAE, of soybeans), five Brachiaria seeding densities (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12kg of seed ha-1) and Brachiaria grown individually in the four densities tested, constituting itself as witness reference. To assess the growth of the Brachiaria, the plants contained in an area of ​​(0.33 x 0.40m) to 140 DAP of soy were collected in each plot, determining the number of tillers per plant; height and dry weight of shoots; leaf dry mass and dry mass stalk. Data were submitted to regression analysis. The cultivation of Brachiaria intercropped with soybean provoked a decrease in all parameters evaluated. The increase in the density of sowing promoted a reduction in the tillering and an increase in dry matter production and height of the plant.

scholarly journals Nitrogen and potassium supply and the morphogenic and productive characteristics of marandu palisadegrass

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1666-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Mahmoud Megda ◽  
Francisco Antonio Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
System Development ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Root System Development ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Specific Length

The objective of this work was to study morphogenic characteristics, and dry matter production of roots and shoots of marandu palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) submitted to combinations of nitrogen and potassium, in a nutritive solution, employing silica as substrate. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse during the summer. It was used a 5² fractionated factorial scheme with 13 combinations of nitrogen and potassium, which were distributed in a randomized block design, with four replications. The nitrogen × potassium interaction was significant for the number of tillers and leaves, for leaf area, for shoots and root section dry mass, for total length and surface and specific length and surface in the roots. Production of aerial part dry mass positively correlated with the number of tillers and leaves and grass leaf area. Nitrogen rates modulated the root system development, and the root specific length and surface decreased when high rates of nitrogen and potassium were supllied. Nitrogen and potassium influence Marandu palisadegrass morphogenic characteristics, which are determinant for grass dry matter production.

scholarly journals DIFFERENT STABILITY METHODS FOR CULTIVAR RECOMMENDATION IN ELEPHANT-GRASS FOR ENERGY PURPOSES IN BRAZIL

CERNE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Brito da Silva ◽  
Rogerio Figueiredo Daher ◽  
Bruna Rafaela da Silva Menezes ◽  
Maria Lorraine Fonseca Oliveira ◽  
Maria do Socorro Bezerra Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Non Parametric

ABSTRACT The elephant-grass undergoes successive cutting and periodical evaluations that it possible to identify clones with high stability for dry matter production, which can be used for energy production. The present study was carried out to evaluate stability dry matter yield for different parametric and non-parametric methods in elephant grass genotypes for biomass production undergoes successive cutting in the agroclimatic conditions of the Norte Fluminense (RJ, Brazil). The variable measured in the 40 genotypes was dry matter yield (DMY) at 2009, 2010 and 2011 in a field study designed as randomized block design with two replicates. Each sample was grown in different environment condition. The stability methods tested were the Yates and Cochran’s, Plaisted and Peterson’s, Wricke’s ecovalence, Annicchiarico’s, Lin and Binns’ and Kang and Phan’s. Results indicated that cutting (E) and genotypes (G) influenced significantly on the performance of dry matter yield. The non-parametric stability methods were effective for the evaluation of stability in dry matter yield. Genotypes Mercker, Pinda-México, Mercker 86-México, Guaçu/IZ, Mercker Pinda, P-241-Piracicaba and Cubano Pinda were stable stability dry matter yield. Hence, there are genotypes may be exploited in future breeding programmes in order to improve productivity of upland elephant grass over environment.

scholarly journals Drought-induced alterations in the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the relation with drought tolerance in sugar cane

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Ramos da Silva ◽  
Jairo Osvaldo Cazetta ◽  
Samira Domingues Carlin ◽  
Bruna Robiati Telles
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Transpiration ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Prolonged Drought ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACT Although there are evidences that the proper supply of mineral nutrients to plants relieves water stress, little is known on the approach of how the drought affects the absorption and accumulation of nutrients by distinct sugar cane genotypes, or in different parts of a same plant. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the content and accumulation of N, P and K in the aerial part of plant from three genotypes of sugar cane, submitted to three water potentials in the soil, and check the relationship of these variables with the tolerance of plants to prolonged drought. In order to access this objective, an experiment under greenhouse conditions, comprised by a fatorial 3 × 3, in a randomized block design, and four replicates was carried out. After 90 days from treatment imposition, the plant transpiration rate, plant dry mass, concentration of N, P and K were determined in leaves and culms, as well as in total plant shoot were measured. It was found that tolerance to drought in sugar cane is related to higher levels of N and K in the leaves and stems, and larger accumulations of K and P in the plant shoot. There is high positive correlations among accumulation of N, P and K in the plant shoot and dry matter production by plants submitted to drought. There are intermediate correlations among plant transpiration and nutrient uptake by plants under drought. Plants of the genotype SP81-3250 are more tolerante to prolonged drought, than the RB855453 and IACSP95-5000 plants.

scholarly journals Influence of glyphosate underdoses on the suppression of Panicum maximum cultivars

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzete Fernandes Lima ◽  
Leandro Spíndola Pereira ◽  
Gustavo Dorneles Sousa ◽  
Simonny Araújo Vasconcelo ◽  
Adriano Jakelaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Forage Species

ABSTRACT: The use of herbicide underdoses allows minimizing the competition of grasses on annual crops, enabling simultaneous cultivation. In this context, the objective of this study was to investigate glyphosate underdoses on the suppression of the initial growth of three Panicum maximum cultivars aiming at the integrated cultivation, in addition to the effects of forage species on the incidence and development of weeds. Three field experiments were conducted. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications and eight treatments consisting of increasing glyphosate doses (0, 54, 108, 270, 378, 540, 756, and 1,080 g a.e. ha−1). An atrazine dose of 1,200 g a.i. ha−1 was added to each treatment. Plant phytotoxicity assessments were performed at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after application. At 80 and 125 days after sowing, the assessments of total dry matter production, leaf dry matter, stem dry matter, and leaf to stem ratio were carried out, in addition to density and dry matter production of weed community. Glyphosate underdoses below 215, 65, and 90 g a.e. ha-1 have a potential to be investigated aiming at the management of P. maximum cv. Atlas, P. maximum cv. Mombasa, and P. maximum cv. Tanzania under intercropping. The three forage species are effective in suppressing weeds.

scholarly journals Dry matter production and nutrient accumulation after successive crops of lettuce, tomato, rice, and andropogongrass in a substrate with zeolite

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto C. de Campos Bernardi ◽  
Marisa Bezerra de Mello Monte ◽  
Paulo Renato Perdigão Paiva ◽  
Carlos Guarino Werneck ◽  
Patrick Gesualdi Haim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Nutrient Source ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Four Levels

Zeolites are hydrated crystalline aluminosilicate minerals of natural occurrence, structured in rigid third dimension net that can be used as slow release plant-nutrient source. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of plant growth substrate under zeolite application, enriched with N, P and K, on dry matter yield and on nutrient contents in consecutive crops of lettuce, tomato, rice, and andropogon grass. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, with 3 kg pots with an inert substrate, evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications. Treatments consisted of four types of enrichment of concentrated natural zeolite: concentrated zeolite (Z) only, zeolite + KNO3 (ZNK), zeolite + K2HPO4 (ZPK) and zeolite + H3PO4 + apatite (ZP), and a control grown in substrate fertilized with a zeolite-free nutrient solution. Four levels of enriched zeolite were tested: 20, 40, 80, and 160 g/pot. Four successive crops were grown on the same substrate in each pot: lettuce, tomato, rice, and andropogon grass. Results indicated that N, P and K enriched zeolite was an adequate slow-release nutrient source for plants. The total dry matter production of above-ground biomass of four successive crops followed a descending order: ZP > ZPK > ZNK > Z.

scholarly journals Produtividade e valor nutritivo de gramíneas tropicais em monocultivo e em consórcio com milho na segunda safra

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 2517
Author(s):  
Armindo Neivo Kichel ◽  
Luis Carlos Ferreira de Souza ◽  
Roberto Giolo de Almeida ◽  
José Alexandre Agiova da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Randomized Block Design

This study aimed to assess productivity and nutritional value of the tropical grasses Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã, Xaraés, and Marandu, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, and B. ruziziensis cv. Kennedy in the interseason of an integrated crop-livestock (ICL) system since alternatives are needed for forage production for animal grazing in Autumn and Winter. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a split-split plot scheme with four replications. The treatments of plots consisted of five grasses, subplots consisted of three cropping systems (monoculture, intercropping with corn and unsuppressed grass, and intercropped with corn and suppressed grass), and sub-subplots consisted of four cutting intervals of grasses (50, 90, 125, and 195 days after emergence - DAE). The experiment was carried out from February to September 2014. Dry matter (DM) productivity, obtained at 195 DAE for the three cropping systems (monoculture grass, unsuppressed and suppressed grass in intercropping), were 18.45, 7.15, and 3.05 t ha?1, respectively, and average crude protein contents of leaf blades of grasses decreased linearly between the cutting intervals of 50 to 195 DAE from 19.95 to 9.70%, respectively. Under integrated systems, the studied grasses showed better yields and nutritional quality when compared to traditional grazing systems. Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés and Piatã had the highest leaf and crude protein yields when compared to Brachiaria ruziziensis cv. Kennedy and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu. In terms of nutritional value, Brachiaria ruziziensis cv. Kennedy was superior to Mombaça and Xaraés grasses but had lower total dry matter yield. Finally, Xaraés, Piatã and Mombaça grasses are recommended choices ICL systems when fodder grass production is the goal.

scholarly journals 7. Productivity And Chemical Composition Of Several Mulberry Species (Morus spp) Agains Spacing Plant, and Cutting Age

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Rijanto Hutasoit ◽  
Simon Ginting ◽  
Juniar Sirait ◽  
Andi Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Morus Spp

The cultivation of mulberry as forages is scarce in Indonesian feeding system for ruminant production, although many studies have indicated  its nutritional potential as animal feed especially ruminants. This study was aimed to investigate the effects spacing of plant and cutting age on productivity and chemical composition of some species mulberry plants. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with factorial treatments. The factors species were (M. indica cv kanva, M. nigra, M. cathyana, and M. Multicaulis), the spacing of plants (1 x 0.5 m, 1 x 1 m and 1 x 1.5 m) and cutting ages (210, 240, and 270 days after planting). The results showed that species, M. multicaulis and M. cathyana are the highest growth, using a spacing of 1 x 0.5 m with cutting age 270 days after planting. Dry matter production highest (P < 0,05) in M. Cathyana at spacing of 1 x 0.5 with cutting age 270 days after planting. The ratio of leaves and stems of plants are affected by age, the highest proportions of leaf  is obtained at the cutting age of 210 days. Chemical composition were highest in M.multicaulis at the age of 270 days. The highest content of  organic matter (OM) were found in M.Kanva and not different with M. Nigra at the age of 270 day after planting. In treatment of cutting ages have no effect (P < 0.05) on the Crude protein (CP), ADF, NDF, lignin and tannin content. The average content of CP obtained gained 20.69%, 32.38% ADF, NDF 33.99%, 12.45% lignin and tannin 0.3%. Concluded that mulberry plants with a plant spacing of plant 1 x 0.5 and 270 days after plant have more advantages for use as animal feed.

scholarly journals Produksi Jerami Arbila (Phaseolus Lunatus L) Pascapanen Akibat Penambahan Level Bokashi Feses Sapi dan Chromolaena yang Berbeda

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Bernadete Barek Koten ◽  
Yukendi A Sufmera ◽  
Agustinus Semang ◽  
Redempta Wea ◽  
Melkianus Dedimus Same Randu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRAKArbila merupakan legume pakan yang jeraminya merupakan pakan hijauan yang berkualitas bagi ruminansia, dan produksi jeraminya ditentukan oleh kualitas tanah. Level bokashi yang ditambahkan mempengaruhi kualitas tanah, yang tentu berdampak pada produksi jerami arbila. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi produksi jerami arbila pasca panen akibat pemberian level bokashi yang berbeda. Penelitian tersebut telah dilaksanakan selama 5 bulan di Desa Noelbaki. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, terdiri atas P0 = tanpa bokashi (kontrol), P10 = penambahan bokashi 10 ton/ha, P20 = bokashi 20 ton/ha, P30 = bokashi 30 ton/ha, P40 = bokashi 40 ton/ha. Variabel yang diamati adalah  produksi bahan segar jerami (PBSJ) (ton/ha), produksi bahan kering jerami (PBKJ), produksi bahan organik jerami  (PBOJ) arbila. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis varians dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil analisis varians menunjukkan bahwa level pemberian pupuk bokashi berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap PBSJ arbila serta berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap PBKJ dan PBOJ arbila. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui rataan PBSJ arbila berkisar 0,46-2,52 ton/ha, PBKJ arbila berkisar 0,07-0,18 ton/ha, dan PBOJ arbila berkisar 0,04-0,16 ton/ha. Hasil uji Duncan menunjukkan bahwa nilai PBSJ, PBKJ dan PBOJ arbila tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan P40. Disimpulkan bahwa semakin meningkatnya level bokashi Chromolaena dan feses sapi, produksi jerami arbila semakin tinggi. Level bokashi feses sapi dan Chromolaena terbaik adalah 40 ton/ha.Kata kunci: arbila, bokashi, jerami, hijauan ABSTRACTArbila’s straw is a quality feed for ruminants. Production of these straw is determined by soil quality. The level of bokashi added influences the quality of the soil and therefore influences the straw production. This research aimed to evaluate arbila’s straw production post-harvest in different levels of bokashi. This research was carried out for 5 months at Noelbaki. The experimental design used was a randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications consisting of P0 = without bokashi (control), P10 = addition of 10 tons of bokashi / ha, P20 = 20 tons of bokashi / ha, P30 = 30 tons of bokashi / ha, P40 = bokashi 40 tons / ha. The observed variables were the straw fresh weight production (SFW) (tons/ha), straw dry matter production (SDM) (tons/ha), straw organik matter production (SOM) (tons/ha). Data were analyzed for variance and continued with Duncan test. Analysis of variance showed that the level of bokashi fertilizer had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on SFW and significantly affected (P <0.05) SDM and SOM. The average SFW in this study ranged from 0.46 to 2.52 tons/ha, HDM ranges from 0.07 to 0.18 tons/ha, and SOM ranges from 0.04 to 0.16 tons/ha. Duncan's test shows that the highest SFW, SDM and SOM are found in P40. It was concluded that arbila’s straw production increases with the level of Chromolaena and cattle manure bokashi added. Highest production was shown in group with 40 ton/ha bokashi.Keywords: bokashi, forage, Phaseolus lunatus L, straw

scholarly journals Iron doses in the production of potted rosebushes

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Antônio Zanão Júnior ◽  
Maristela Pereira Carvalho-Zanão ◽  
Natália Pereira ◽  
José Antônio Saraiva Grossi ◽  
Reginaldo Ferreira Santos
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Floral Longevity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Number Of Leaves

ABSTRACT: The production and quality of roses are influenced by fertilization management. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of doses of iron (Fe) in the production of potted rose bushes ( Rosa hybrida ). Treatments were based on five doses of Fe (0, 1, 3, 5 and 15mg kg-1) applied on the substrate, in a randomized block design with four replications. Seedlings presented two pairs of leaves and were individually transplanted into plastic pots (0.8dm3) containing commercial substrate. Each experimental plot consisted of a vase with a plant with two flower stalks. The following parameters were evaluated: number of leaves and flowers per flower stalk; dry matter production of roots, leaves and flowers; plant height and diameter and floral longevity. In addition, foliar levels of total chlorophyll and Fe were determined. Fertilization with Fe increases the production and quality of flowers of the rosebush cv. 'Shiny Terrazza' (r). Dose of Fe to be added to the substrate used in this study for maximum economic efficiency for this cultivar is 3.6mg kg-1.

scholarly journals Waste management of pseudostem to increase the growth of banana seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Domingues Lima ◽  
Natália de Souza Bravo ◽  
Danilo Eduardo Rozane ◽  
Edson Suigueaki Nomura ◽  
Silvia Helena Modenese Gorla da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
State University ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Water Nutrients

Pseudostem is an abundant residue after harvesting of the banana bunch, serving as a source of water, nutrients and organic substances.  The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of pseudostem waste on ‘Nanica’ banana (Musa spp. AAA) cultivar in greenhouse under contrasting environmental conditions.  For this, an experiment was carried out in in the São Paulo State University -UNESP in a randomized block design in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme (presence or absence of waste and two seasons), consisting of four replicates of three experimental plots with two pots per plant.  One season was early November/2018 (Summer) and the other half of May/2019 (Winter).  A 40 cm portion of the pseudostem collected from of a freshly harvested plant was sectioned into 10 cm portions and placed under the substrate of the seedling-containing pot at both times.  Periodically, height, pseudostem diameter and leaf emission were evaluated.  After the release of leachate by the residue, plants were taken to the laboratory, and the area of leaves and roots, their respective masses, and the leaf nutrient content were determined.  The nutritional composition of the residue was evaluated before being applied for both seasons.  In summer, accumulated dry matter in the different organs, leaf area and root area was higher in the presence of the residue, while in winter, only root dry mass was higher (P < 0.01).  The application of residue had a consistent effect on root growth, which can be exploited in the field.

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