scholarly journals Frequently Updated Maps and their Public Display

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Peterson ◽  
Paul Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Public Display ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Setting ◽  
Computer Monitors

The display of maps on computer monitors in a public setting can be used to emphasize their value in conveying spatial patterns. For thematic maps, by removing the possibility for interaction, more attention can be focused on the mapped distributions. Maps that lend themselves best for public display are those that are frequently updated, such as weather maps. Other types of frequently updated maps (FUMs) include those of earthquakes, air pollution, and health conditions, such as the spread of a virus. These types of maps are increasingly provided through the internet in an interactive format, making the resultant maps less suited for public display. Described here are available maps that could be displayed in a public setting, and a method to make maps for quick display based on available data. A series of these maps can then be assembled and shown in a continuous loop. The display of maps for the public can be implemented using the low-cost, Raspberry Pi computer. Maps that are suitable for public display, instructions for implementation and the required code are available at: maps.unomaha.community/FUMPD/About.html.

scholarly journals Elastic Computing in the Fog on Internet of Things to Improve the Performance of Low Cost Nodes

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Fayos-Jordan ◽  
Santiago Felici-Castell ◽  
Jaume Segura-Garcia ◽  
Adolfo Pastor-Aparicio ◽  
Jesus Lopez-Ballester
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Mesh Network ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Computing Paradigm ◽  
Elastic Computing

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network widely used with the purpose of connecting almost everything, everywhere to the Internet. To cope with this goal, low cost nodes are being used; otherwise, it would be very expensive to expand so fast. These networks are set up with small distributed devices (nodes) that have a power supply, processing unit, memory, sensors, and wireless communications. In the market, we can find different alternatives for these devices, such as small board computers (SBCs), e.g., Raspberry Pi (RPi)), with different features. Usually these devices run a coarse version of a Linux operating system. Nevertheless, there are many scenarios that require enhanced computational power that these nodes alone are unable to provide. In this context, we need to introduce a kind of collaboration among the devices to overcome their constraints. We based our solution in a combination of clustering techniques (building a mesh network using their wireless capabilities); at the same time we try to orchestrate the resources in order to improve their processing capabilities in an elastic computing fashion. This paradigm is called fog computing on IoT. We propose in this paper the use of cloud computing technologies, such as Linux containers, based on Docker, and a container orchestration platform (COP) to run on the top of a cluster of these nodes, but adapted to the fog computing paradigm. Notice that these technologies are open source and developed for Linux operating system. As an example, in our results we show an IoT application for soundscape monitoring as a proof of concept that it will allow us to compare different alternatives in its design and implementation; in particular, with regard to the COP selection, between Docker Swarm and Kubernetes. We conclude that using and combining these techniques, we can improve the overall computation capabilities of these IoT nodes within a fog computing paradigm.

scholarly journals Portable RF-Sensor System for the Monitoring of Air Pollution and Water Contamination

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Joonhee Kang ◽  
Jin Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Air Pollution Monitoring ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quality Of Living ◽  
Air Pollution Forecast

Monitoring air pollution including the contents of VOC, O3, NO2, and dusts has attracted a lot of interest in addition to the monitoring of water contamination because it affects directly to the quality of living conditions. Most of the current air pollution monitoring stations use the expensive and bulky instruments and are only installed in the very limited area. To bring the information of the air and water quality to the public in real time, it is important to construct portable monitoring systems and distribute them close to our everyday living places. In this work, we have constructed a low-cost portable RF sensor system by using 400 MHz transceiver to achieve this goal. Accuracy of the measurement was comparable to the ones used in the expensive and bulky commercial air pollution forecast systems.

scholarly journals Design and Fabrication of Two-Wheeler Silencer Using Catalytic Convertor

2019 ◽  
pp. 223-228
Author(s):  
M. Ganesh ◽  
A. Sriramarvind ◽  
P. K. Saran Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Catalytic Converter ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
The Public ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbon ◽  
The World ◽  
Two Wheeler

Air pollution is the biggest cause of environmental degradation in the world and it also cause health problems. The major source for these pollutions are industries & automobiles. In automobile pollutants can be reduced by using a catalytic converter the main aim of our project is fabricate the low cost catalytic converter for two wheeler. The emission contents namely NOx and HC are 90% reduced. From the public health point of view the is most important is Air pollution , because every individual person breathes approximately 22000 times a day, inhaling about 15 to 22 Kg of air daily. Polluted air causes physical ill effects and undesirable aesthetic and physiological effects. The main pollutants are contributed by automobiles which include carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and Lead. So it is imperative that serious attempts should be made to conserve earth’s environment from degradation

What Could or Should Replace Existing Monetary Arrangements?

2022 ◽  
pp. 47-73
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Government Control ◽  
The Public ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
Use Of The Internet

In this chapter, three main approaches to creating a new, more stable monetary system, which is under wide discussion today, are considered in turn. First, the feasibility of reviving the use of gold as backing for currencies is a never-ending controversy, kept very much alive by those who argue that “In a crisis, there is nothing else.” Second, the rapidly growing use of the internet for decentralised finance or “DeFi” services is offering the public a growing range of new, reliable, low-cost financial services. Among these is the use of “crypto-currencies,” which are growing rapidly but which still suffer severe instability and uncertainty. Third, the world's central banks are developing their own internet-based currencies, known as central bank digital currencies (CBDC). However, these are unlike private crypto-currencies since their use would give government control over all transactions – a degree of power which would risk enabling tyranny.

scholarly journals Development and construction of a didactic module of electrical circuits for remote experimentation through a web application and IoT resources

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e98391110664
Author(s):  
Mateus Henrique Rodrigues Ribeiro ◽  
Lucas de Oliveira Estevam ◽  
Lúcio Rogério Júnior ◽  
Guilherme Henrique Alves ◽  
Fabíola Eugênio Arrabaca Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
The Internet ◽  
School Students ◽  
Electrical Circuits ◽  
Practical Experiences

This article presents the development and construction of a didactic kit of practical experiences of electrical circuits, remotely controllable through the internet, from low cost resources and devices, and easy to implement. Developed with open source technologies, the practice module was built from a Raspberry Pi, and subdivided into four parts: a web application (developed in Html, Css, Javascript, PHP and MySQL) and a local application coded in Python and runs on the Raspberry; two electronic boards, one for controlling the resistors of a circuit and the other as a variable power supply for the circuit; a cabinet designed and built in MDF to accommodate all the physical components of the equipment; and a mixed electrical circuit for experiments, consisting of 9 resistors, 10 voltmeters and 3 ammeters. To access remotely, a Login system was built, generating greater security and a button interface that, when triggered, make requests to a server, recording the status of the button pressed in an SQL Database (Structured Query Language). Tests were carried out to check the integrity of the hardware and software devices of the didactic kit, considering that they did not present any flaws, allowing the equipment to be installed in a physics laboratory, connected to the internet and made available intermittently for use by high school students.

scholarly journals Key Concerns and Drivers of Low-Cost Air Quality Sensor Use

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 584
Author(s):  
Priyanka Nadia deSouza
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Data Visualization ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
User Reviews ◽  
Air Pollution Monitoring ◽  
The Public

Low-cost sensors are revolutionizing air pollution monitoring by providing real-time, highly localized air quality information. The relatively low-cost nature of these devices has made them accessible to the broader public. Although there have been several fitness-of-purpose appraisals of the various sensors on the market, little is known about what drives sensor usage and how the public interpret the data from their sensors. This article attempts to answer these questions by analyzing the key themes discussed in the user reviews of low-cost sensors on Amazon. The themes and use cases identified have the potential to spur interventions to support communities of sensor users and inform the development of actionable data-visualization strategies with the measurements from such instruments, as well as drive appropriate ‘fitness-of-purpose’ appraisals of such devices.

scholarly journals Cyber Forensics on Internet of Things: Slicing and Dicing Raspberry Pi

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Shuyuan Mary Ho ◽  
Mike Burmester
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Cyber Forensics ◽  
Cloud Environments ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Any device can now connect to the Internet, and Raspberry Pi is one of the more popular applications, enabling single-board computers to make robotics, devices, and appliances part of the Internet of Things (IoT). The low cost and customizability of Raspberry Pi makes it easily adopted and widespread. Unfortunately, the unprotected Raspberry Pi device—when connected to the Internet—also paves the way for cyber-attacks. Our ability to investigate, collect, and validate digital forensic evidence with confidence using Raspberry Pi has become important. This article discusses and presents techniques and methodologies for the investigation of timestamp variations between different Raspberry Pi ext4 filesystems (Raspbian vs. UbuntuMATE), comparing forensic evidence with that of other ext4 filesystems (i.e., Ubuntu), based on interactions within a private cloud, as well as a public cloud. Sixteen observational principles of file operations were documented to assist in our understanding of Raspberry Pi’s behavior in the cloud environments. This study contributes to IoT forensics for law enforcement in cybercrime investigations.

scholarly journals Implementasi Rumah Pintar dengan Penggabungan Jalur Analog Digital Menggunakan Raspberry Pi

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Pendi Ventri Hendika ◽  
M Suyanto ◽  
Emha Taufiq Luthfi
Keyword(s):  
Smart Home ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Analog Switch ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
People Today ◽  
Internet Network

Teknologi internet of things menawarkan berbagai kemudahan bagi manuasia merupakan terobosan baru yang sangat bermafaat untuk kehidupan. Kesibukan pekerjaan yang begitu padat seringkali memaksa untuk banyak meninggalkan rumah dalam keadaan kosong. Tidak jarang rumah yang ditinggalkan dalam keadaan kosong menjadi sasaran pencuri ataupun bahaya kebakaran. Kasus kebakaran saat yang terjadi saat ini sebagian besar dipicu akibat kebocoran gas konsleting listrik dan pemilik rumah lupa mematikan alat listrik saat meninggalkan rumah. Tetapi masyarakat juga masih ragu jika sistem digital mengalami kendala yang harus dilakukan. Sebagai solusi dari keadaan tersebut maka diperlukan alat yang bisa mengontrol rumah dari jarak jauh menggunakan jaringan internet. Hal ini diharapkan dapat mencegah terjadinya hal yang tidak diinginkan. Untuk mewujudkannya, penulis melakukan riset untuk membangun sebuah sistem rumah pintar yang nantinya semua peralatan listrik dan elektronik dapat dikontrol menggunakan smartphone menggunakan jaringan internet yang menggunakan fungsi switch analog digital. Tujuan lainnya adalah membuat sebuah produk smart home yang cocok di aplikasikan di Indonesia yang nantinya smart home tersebut tidak meniggalkan saklar konvensional yang sudah terpasang dirumah. Penelitian ini berhasil merancang sebuah sistem rumah pintar yang dapat di bypass menjadi sistem listrik analog. Hal ini untuk mengantisipasi ketika terjadi error pada sistem digital sehingga kelistrikan rumah masih dapat berjalan seperti biasa. Kata Kunci— rumah pintar, pengontrol listrik, analog, digital.AbstractInternet technology about things that offer various conveniences for people today is a new breakthrough that is very useful for human life. The bustle of work is so crowded while waiting to go home. There is no damaged house there. Very important for homeowners. The current fire cases are mostly triggered by a gas leak and the homeowner forgets to turn off the electricity when leaving the house. However, the public is still in doubt if a digital system is being done which must be done. As a solution to this situation, we need a tool that can control the house remotely using the internet network. This is expected to be avoided. Unwanted things. To realize this, the authors conducted research to build a smart home system that allows all electrical and electronic equipment to be controlled using a smartphone that uses the internet network provided by a digital analog switch. Not only that, smart home makers that are suitable to be applied in Indonesia while smart homes do not leave conventional diversions installed at home. This research successfully completed a smart home system that can cut bypass into an analog electrical system. This is to correct errors that occur in digital systems so that electricity can still run as usual. Keywords—Smart home, electric controller, analog, digital.

scholarly journals The Use of Public Data from Low-Cost Sensors for the Geospatial Analysis of Air Pollution from Solid Fuel Heating during the COVID-19 Pandemic Spring Period in Krakow, Poland

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5208
Author(s):  
Tomasz Danek ◽  
Mateusz Zaręba
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
The Public ◽  
Geostatistical Methods ◽  
Background Pollution ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10

In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of the public data provided by low-cost sensors (LCS), which were used for spatial and temporal studies of air quality in Krakow. A PM (particulate matter) dataset was obtained in spring in 2021, during which a fairly strict lockdown was in force as a result of COVID-19. Therefore, we were able to separate the effect of solid fuel heating from other sources of background pollution, mainly caused by urban transport. Moreover, we analyzed the historical data of PM2.5 from 2010 to 2019 to show the effect of grassroots efforts and pro-clean-air legislation changes in Krakow. We designed a unique workflow with a time–spatial analysis of PM1, PM2.5, and PM10, and temperature data from Airly(c) sensors located in Krakow and its surroundings. Using geostatistical methods, we showed that Krakow’s neighboring cities are the main sources of air pollution from solid fuel heating in the city. Additionally, we showed that the changes in the law in Krakow significantly reduced the PM concentration as compared to neighboring municipalities without a fossil fuel prohibition law. Moreover, our research demonstrates that informative campaigns and education are important initiating factors in order to bring about cleaner air in the future.

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