Reduction of Communication Uncertainty for COVID-19 Community Service Program Students Universitas Sebelas Maret

The COVID-19 pandemic that has hit the world since the beginning of 2020 has certainly had a major impact on human interaction. The world of education is one of those affected by restrictions on the learning process and also other policies, including community service activities carried out by students, namely Kuliah Kerja Nyata(KKN). Universitas Sebelas Maret is a state university which at the beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic was a pioneer in holding the COVID-19 community service program. Student KKN in its work program holds activities related to preventing the transmission of COVID-19 in the community as well as food and economic security. What is different from KKN is usually the COVID-19 KKN, students have to go out on their own in the community without being in groups. They hold KKN work programs in their respective neighborhoods while maintaining health protocols. This study will review the reduction of communication uncertainty that occurs to students of the COVID-19 Community service program at Universitas Sebelas Maret where they have to build relationships independently with the surrounding community where they feel that they have left their homes for a long time while studying in Solo. There is a sense of communication uncertainty that occurs in students when they have to interact and build communication with the community, therefore, this study uses the Uncertainty Reduction Theory (URT) perspective which was pioneered by Charler Berger and Richard Calabrese. This research is a qualitative research using a descriptive type of research and with the conclusion of an active, passive, and interactive description of the strategy for reducing communication uncertainty for COVID-19 students.

Alternative learning media post-covid-19: uncertainty reduction theory perspective

This study aims to determine how users respond to the use of social media during online learning after the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of uncertainty reduction theory. This study uses a phenomenological research method, where data collection is carried out by means of Focus Group Discussion (FGD), which was conducted twice on 15 users of online learning applications. Through this research, it is known that the user's response from the compulsion in using the online learning model is that the subject tends to feel mostly bored, difficult to discipline, tendency to be lazy, and has the proclivity to be dishonest. In addition, in terms of emotional connection, teachers and students do not have a good bond, which is far different when using the offline learning modality. The majority of users prefer to utilize the offline learning system when the pandemic ends. One person prefers to use a hybrid system which is a combination of online and offline learning method.

Uncertainty and risk phenomena in the context of intercultural communication

Риск и неопределённость онтологически присутствуют в жизненном цикле людей, и поэтому эти проблемы всегда актуальны, особенно в современном социуме постмодерна. Информационное постиндустриальное общество характеризуется большим объёмом разнообразной информации, легко доступной для всех членов социума. С одной стороны, доступ к информации и её количество представляют собой благо, с другой стороны, люди не могут адекватно выбрать, интерпретировать и оценить новые сведения. Возникающая в этом случае неопределённость дезориентирует людей, нарушая стабильность их социокультурных коммуникативных связей. Неопределённость амбивалентна по своей природе - она субъективна как проекция личностного восприятия социальной реальности; она объективна как актуализация слома/смены социальных смыслов и институтов. Исследование о природе неопределённости и рисков едины в том, что высокий уровень неопределённости современности обусловлен такими факторами, как глобализация, информатизация и цифровизация. «Текучая современность» как социальная реальность характеризует сегодняшнюю жизнь людей в ракурсе основных концептов жизнедеятельности: свободы, индивидуальности, времени и пространства, работы и сообществ. Концепция рисков как продуктов неопределённости варьируется - от сравнения рисков с аварией на Чернобыльской АЭС до оценки рисков как мобилизующих сил. Социокультурные риски, межкультурные в частности, приобретают особую значимость в эпоху постмодерна. Выделенные 6 универсальных категорий культуры определяют межкультурную интеракцию в ракурсе учёта культурных характеристик, детерминирующих успех межкультурного взаимодействия. Теория сокращения неопределённости предлагает пути установления успешной межкультурной коммуникации. Обозначены стратегии смягчения неопределённости (пассивные, активные и интерактивные), и факторы её успеха обусловлены уровнем межкультурной компетенции коммуникантов. Следование принципам Кооперации и Вежливости способствует снижению межкультурной неопределённости и рисков как видов коммуникативного дискомфорта. Risk and uncertainty are ontologically linked with the life cycle of people, and therefore these problems are always relevant, especially in the contemporary postmodern society. The informational postindustrial society is characterized by a large amount of diverse information that is easily accessible to all members of society. On the one hand, access to information and its amount is a real value, on the other hand, people cannot adequately select, interpret and evaluate new information. The uncertainty arising in this case disorients people, disrupting the stability of their socio-cultural communicative ties. Uncertainty is ambivalent in nature - it is subjective as a projection of personal perception of social reality; it is objective as an actualization of the breakdown/change of social meanings and institutions. The study on the nature of uncertainty and risks is unanimous in the fact that the high level of uncertainty of our time is due to such factors as globalization, informatization and digitalization. “Fluid modernity” as a social reality characterizes everyday life of people from the perspective of the main concepts of life: freedom, individuality, time and space, work and communities. The concept of risks as products of uncertainty ranges from comparing risks with the Chernobyl accident to assessing risks as mobilizing forces. Socio-cultural risks, intercultural in particular, acquire special significance in the postmodern era. The identified 6 universal categories of culture define intercultural interaction from the perspective of taking into account cultural characteristics that determine the success of intercultural interaction. Uncertainty reduction theory offers ways to establish successful intercultural communication. The identified strategies for reducing uncertainty (passive, active and interactive) and the factors of its success are determined by the level of intercultural competence of the communicants. In addition, adherence to the principles of Cooperation and Politeness helps to reduce intercultural uncertainty and risks as types of communicative discomfort.

Teori Reduksi Ketidakpastian dalam Cyber Romantic Relationship

The rapid development of technology and information in the digital era has an impact on the increasing use of social media which has brought significant changes to society. Social media has now been used by the community for various purposes, one of which is as a means of finding a partner or what we are familiar with as the phenomenon of online dating or cyber romantic relationships. The absence of a physical presence in cyber romantic relationships can lead to increased uncertainty. By using a qualitative descriptive approach method by collecting various previous studies, this writing was done to find out how the implementation of the uncertainty reduction theory of the cyber romantic relationship phenomenon in Indonesia. The results of this paper reveal that the relationships that exist in cyber romantic relationships tend to take place quickly from the introduction process to the commitment stage. Also, individuals communicate to reduce uncertainty. Passive and interactive strategy are always used in cyber romantic relationships.

Perkembangan Penerapan Uncertainty Reduction Theory dalam Interaksi Tatap Muka dan Interaksi dalam Jaringan (Online)

Uncertainty reduction theory (URT) merupakan teori yang menjelaskan bagaimana hubungan awal tatap muka antara dua individu yang baru mengenal. Seiring dengan berkembangnya waktu URT tidak hanya dimanfaatkan dalam situasi tatap muka saja, tetapi dalam situasi online atau dalam jaringan. Strategi pencarian informasi untuk mengurangi ketidakpastian yang dilakukan oleh dua individu yang baru saling bertemu, juga dapat disesuaikan konteksnya dengan kasus-kasus kontemporer melalui situasi berbasis jaringan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perkembangan penerapan uncertainty reduction theory dalam interkasi tatap muka dan daring. Metode penelitian yang digunakan bersifat kualitatif. Peneliti mengkaji tiga jurnal yang mewakili penerapan URT sebagai teori untuk mengidentifikasi pengurangan ketidakpastian dalam interaksi tatap muka dan mengidentifikasi bagaimana URT digunakan dalam kasus interaksi online. Hasil yang ditemukan bahwa URT dalam hal ini juga dapat dikaitkan dengan kasus kontemporer untuk diterapkan dalam situasi berbasis jaringan atau online. Meskipun demikian, URT tetap tidak kehilangan hakikatnya dalam kehidupan interaksi tatap muka karena pemanfaatan teori ini sebagai acuan pengurangan ketidakpastian untuk interaksi langsung masih digunakan

Perceived Environmental Dynamism Promotes Entrepreneurial Team Member’s Innovation: Explanations Based on the Uncertainty Reduction Theory

This study aims to examine the effect of perceived environmental dynamism on entrepreneurial team member’s innovation. Based on the uncertainty reduction theory, this study constructs a multilevel moderated mediation model of the relationship between perceived environmental dynamism and entrepreneurial team member’s innovation. By collecting questionnaires from 117 entrepreneurial team leaders and 479 team members in China, this research found that perceived environmental dynamism could stimulate entrepreneurial team members’ innovation via triggering their information exchange behavior. In addition, entrepreneurial team members’ intolerance for uncertainty and team cooperative climate can moderate the indirect positive relationship between perceived environmental dynamism and individual innovation. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of entrepreneurial team members’ responses to dynamic environment and their innovation behavior.

Improving the effectiveness of social media-based crowdsourcing innovations: roles of assurance mechanism and innovator's behaviour

PurposeWith the development of social media and Internet technology, many firms have started to use various crowdsourcing innovation platforms to operate their open innovation business modes. The purpose of this study is to explore how such platforms' assurance mechanisms enhance the effectiveness of crowdsourcing innovations and how to apply assurance mechanisms to handle different innovation tasks, thereby motivating more seekers to use crowdsourcing innovations.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a Python-based technology to collect the research data comprising 2,302 solvers and 8,390 trade records from zbj.com and apply statistical methods to test the postulated hypotheses.FindingsThe effectiveness of assurance mechanism is confirmed by its positive relationship with solver's behaviour, thereby improving seeker's retention behaviour. However, task complexity, task novelty and task professionalization have different moderating effects on the relationships among assurance mechanism, solver's (innovator's) behaviour and seeker's behaviour.Research limitations/implicationsThis study enriches the literature on crowdsourcing innovations and extends the application of uncertainty reduction theory to innovation research. It also makes the theoretical contribution that the assurance mechanism adopted by the platform has different impacts on user's behaviour depending on the task characteristics.Practical implicationsThe findings provide guidance to the platform operator on how to design the assurance mechanism to match the innovation task and innovator's behaviour to reduce seeker's uncertainty, thereby facilitating the seeker's decision-making.Originality/valueA particular value of this study lies in exploring the impact of the platform assurance mechanism of social media-based crowdsourcing innovations on innovator's behaviour, which may further improve seeker's behaviour, based on uncertainty reduction theory.

Adapting Uncertainty Reduction Theory for Crisis Communication: Guidelines for Technical Communicators

The central components of an interpersonal communication framework such as uncertainty reduction theory can be adapted to design and evaluate crisis communication addressing uncertainty between citizens needing access to services and organizations attempting to manage risk and ensure continuity of operations. Through a content analysis of organizational crisis communication during the COVID-19 pandemic, this article adapts uncertainty reduction theory as an applied, user-centered framework that can guide technical communicators in managing uncertainty during unprecedented crises.

Successful restaurant crowdfunding: the role of linguistic style

Purpose Crowdfunding can be an effective fundraising vehicle to independent restaurants to overcome fundraising limitations due to its small-size and high risk. A few studies have identified contents of communication for successful crowdfunding, yet missing is on how to say. The purpose of this paper is to investigate linguistics styles that are effective in pitches in restaurant crowdfunding. Design/methodology/approach The study analyzed 500 restaurant crowdfunding projects listed on Kickstarter.com that is one of the most popular crowdfunding platforms with sizable restaurant projects. By text analysis, this study identifies four linguistic categories – concrete, precise, interactive and language with low psychological distancing – from the project descriptions. A binominal linear regression analysis identified effective language styles that increases success of restaurant crowdfunding. Findings Drawing on the language expectancy theory and uncertainty reduction theory, this study found that project descriptions that are concrete and delivering stories with fewer usage of first person pronouns are likely to succeed in restaurant fundraising. Interactive style was counter-effective while preciseness of language did not affect funding success significantly. Findings further reveal the roles of non-linguistic attributes shown in the project pitches. Research limitations/implications Despite the increasing practice of restaurant crowdfunding and good matches with small- and medium-sized restaurants’ needs, scant research has been conducted. Notably absent from the research is work on linguistic styles that are effective in restaurant crowdfunding. This study extends the prior literature by investigating how restaurant entrepreneurs should communicate with potential crowdfunders to make crowdfunding successful in the restaurant context. Simply knowing what are important does not provide holistic help to restaurant entrepreneurs; they also should know how to communicate well. Practical implications The findings of this study are important for restaurant entrepreneurs who need to present their projects and communicate effectively with potential investors online. Based on the study’s findings, crowdfunding platforms could enhance their project posting systems by developing algorithm that automatically measures language cues embedded in a project description and providing suggestions to improve persuasiveness of languages to maximize funding success for restaurant projects. Originality/value Scant research has been conducted in the restaurant crowdfunding; prior crowdfunding literature has focused on the projects other than restaurants such as technology, design and film. This study is the first that uncovers the role of the linguistic styles for the specific context of restaurant crowdfunding. This study sheds the light on the critical communication strategies used by small-sized restaurant entrepreneurs on crowdfunding platform.