The problem of student youth economic socialization: gender perspective

The article deals with the topical issue of personal and professional presentation of young women and men as subjects of their economic socialization. The analysis of the empirical research results of social and psychological determinants of young women and men economic self-presentation, as well as the results of a gender audit is done. A conceptual model of economic behavior of young people in the context of patriarchal / traditional and egalitarian / democratic coordinates is presented. The ambivalence of professional self-realization of young people, in particular, the orientation of girls to economic self-affirmation in the microeconomic environment, and boys - in the macro-society, as well as the commitment of both sexes to traditional gender stereotypes is revealed. The low level of material demands of women, including professional ones, is motivated by the socialized attitude to the financial supremacy of men. In psychological portraits of young men and women who present their professional potential, and hence the economic future, more similarities than differences are observed. Young women show a higher level of subjective general and personal locus of control in professional activities and psychological efforts to defend their beliefs. The social roles of men and women are still largely mediated by gender stereotypes, which guide the differentiation of their economic self-expression, predetermining the life scenarios declared by the student youth and vision of material commitments. However, the realities of the economic functioning of the genders have shaped the greater personal potential of women in the development of the traditionally masculine economic space, the trigger mechanism for which will dominate the patriarchal egalitarian ideas of personal professional self-presentation. A number of socio-psychological differences between the genders as a consequence of differentiation of their gender socialization should be taken into account in the process of education of economic culture and psychocorrection of professional skills, namely: young women do not concede to men in social, varieties of communicative competence and assertiveness in achieving professional goals. The development of a market economy aims to increase the inclusion of young people, especially women, in professional entrepreneurship, using the potential of positive psychology. Conducting gender audit as a practical tool in the implementation of quality monitoring of gender sensitivity-insensitivity of economic socialization allows to develop and implement innovative, egalitarian and educational technologies in higher education.

Autonomy of psychological space as a factor in school students' economic socialization

Introduction. Economic socialization of the individual during adolescence takes place in the form of their spontaneous inclusion in predominantly consumer relations, with adolescentsʼ stable economic behavior patterns being developed through their communication in peer groups (by means of exchange of personal belongings and services and spontaneous buying and selling). This is greatly influenced by the individual's ability to preserve the integrity and autonomy of their psychological space.Aim: to determine the impact of school students' psychological space organization on the development of their economic and psychological qualities.Methods: Retrospective Questionnaire of Monetary Mental Sets (M. Semenov), the semantic differential method to study students' attitudes to personal property and the ways of appropriating personal goods (N. Dembitska), Attitude to Money questionnaire (M. Semenov), Social Adaptability questionnaire (O. Posipanov), GET2test (modified by N. Dembitska), and S. Nartova-Bochaver Autonomy of Psychological Space questionnaire. The study involved 634 students aged 11 to 16 years.Results. Adolescents experienced the growing impact of moral factors on their methods of appropriation. As the autonomy of adolescents' psychological space increased, their tendency to self-knowledge and positive attitudes to their own ideas and knowledge strengthened, too. High school students were shown to be inclined for direct, and sometimes aggressive, assertion of their right to privacy in the space of their own things, values, and tastes.Conclusions. There are ontogenetic factors in school students’ economic socialization, with the latter having relationships with some aspects of school students’ psychological space autonomy.

Vocational Education in Ensuring Successful Economic Socialization of High School Students in U. S. Secondary Schools

The article examines the importance of studying the role of vocational education in solving the problem of economic socialization of high school students and its possible adaptation in domestic pedagogical practice. The article provides a comparative analysis of the content of the work of secondary schools in the United States in order to identify the role of vocational education in ensuring the process of successful economic socialization of high school students. The authors reveal the most effective methods, tools and strategies implemented in the studied US schools to ensure the successful economic socialization of high school students. The research was carried out on the basis of: analysis of scientific and methodological literature on the problem of economic socialization of high school students; content analysis of regulatory and software documentation; comparative analysis of initiatives and innovative projects implemented in the studied US schools.

Global development of innovative financial services. Does family economic socialization influence investor behavior in real estate crowdfunding?

Research background: Globalization, digitalization and growth of technological innovations trigger development of new financial services, such as real estate crowdfunding. Seeking better return opportunities individual investors often disregard neoclassical decision-making criteria, while behavioral factors, such as social influence, emotions, cognitive abilities are gaining importance. This paper addresses the role of family economics socialization as a complex process by which individuals acquire social skills, knowledge, behavior patterns needed to make investment decision by purposively or spontaneously interacting with their family members. Purpose of the article is to assess if and how family economic socialization impacts on investor behavior in real estate crowdfunding. Methods: Research data was collected through an online survey of Lithuanian real estate crowdfunding investors. Then structural equation modeling technique was employed to investigate the impact of family economic socialization on behavior of real estate crowdfunding investors. Findings & Value added: Findings revealed that majority of real estate crowdfunding investors make bounded rationality investment decisions. Family, as one of the main agents of the economic socialization, does not ensure rationality of the crowdfunding decision-making process. Purposive family economic socialization has no impact on the behavior of investors with bounded rationality, yet it has a significant impact on behavior of rational family members. Spontaneous family economic socialization proved to have a positive and significant impact on the behavior of investors with bounded rationality. Taking into consideration rapid global development of innovative financial services market, such results might be a troubling signal for the product developers and market regulators.

A set of instruments to study women's personal and professional behavioral styles as factors in their attitudes towards money

Introduction. In order to study the impact of women's personal and professional behavioral styles on their attitudes towards money, which is an important problem in the context of women's economic socialization and inclusion in social and professional life, researchers need, in particular, special research methods and instruments. Aim. To develop a set of instruments to study women's personal and professional behavioral styles as factors in their attitudes towards money. Results. The author has developed a set of instruments, which includes (a) instruments to study monetary attitudes of a person, (b) instruments to study women's personal and professional behavioral styles, and (c) instruments to study gender, socio-demographic, organizational-professional and socio-economic factors behind women's attitudes towards money and personal and professional behavioral styles. Conclusions. The proposed set of instruments can be used for assessing women's personal and professional behavioral styles as factors in their attitudes to money.

Development of cooperation in the energy sphere of organizational and economic socialization of entrepreneurial management in the rural area

The purpose of the article is by theoretically and methodically, with empirical estimates, to characterize the foundations of the cooperation of development of organizational and economic socialization of entrepreneurial management in the rural energy sector. Research methods. Among the methods used: abstract-logical - to determine the nature and principles of organizational and economic socialization of entrepreneurial management, taking into account the factor of coordination in the agricultural sector; comparative analysis - to determine the organizational structure of business entities in the study area; prognostic - to assess the prospects for the development of energy cooperation in achieving energy well-being in rural development. Research results. Theoretical and methodological principles of organizational and economic socialization of entrepreneurial management in the rural areas are substantiated. The role of energy cooperatives in shaping the energy well-being of rural communities has been established. Scientific novelty. The methodical connection of organizational and economic socialization of entrepreneurship with cooperation as factors of balancing economic and social interests in the system of rural development is determined; priorities for improving relations in the system of social services; organizational conditions for intensifying the use of renewable energy sources in the formation of energy well-being in rural areas. Practical significance. The practical conditions and features of the development of cooperation in the energy sphere of organizational and economic socialization of entrepreneurial management in the rural areas are determined. Theoretical and methodological characteristics of the connection of energy cooperation with the formation of energy-efficient rural development, which practically involves the active participation of rural residents in the organization of self-sufficiency of energy resources through mechanisms of participation in creating and ensuring the functioning of energy cooperatives. It is proved that cooperation is an important structural mechanism for achieving energy efficiency. Tabl.: 1. Refs.: 24.

Identidad profesional y socialización de género: un estudio desde la manualística escolar en la España democrática

The construction of professional identity is a concept that holds interest for a variety of disciplines such as Anthropology, Psychology or Pedagogy. From the perspective of social constructivism, it has a narrative, dynamic character and is shaped by the interaction of the subject with current socio-historical discourses and their interiorization. During the decade of the nineteen seventies, the labor market in Spain experienced a massive incorporation of women, brought about by social and legislative advances in education and employment. The years of Spanish democracy are essential in the configuration and renewal of female identity in the economic field. This article focuses on the influence of the school textbook - the main didactic resource used in formal education - in this configuration. It presents models and stereotypes linked to gender, with a potential influence on the transmission and configuration of a biased socio-labor culture. In order to study this influence, our research examines a total of 20 elementary education textbooks in the areas of Language and Social Sciences in two periods of democratic Spain —the so-called Transition period and the current moment—, to explore the professional identity of women linked to the economic socialization as this is conveyed through this educational tool. Our results reveal a minimal inclusion of women as economic subjects in the textbooks; the underrepresentation of females performing paid activities, as well the lack of professional diversity serve to highlight a substantial inequality in the socialization processes between men and women, contrary to the goals of coeducational teaching values.