Modeling effect of selenium on broiler chickens’ body

In recent years, based on new scientific data, many countries worldwide have been revising the existing standards for introducing trace elements in mixed feed for highly productive broiler chicken crosses. This also applies to selenium, which is recognized as an indispensable biotic ultramicroelement with a wide range of biological action according to modern classification. However, some aspects of the selenium effects on poultry have not been elucidated yet. We have conducted comprehensive research to deepen and expand modern ideas about the biological role of selenium, its impact on the interior and productive qualities of broiler chickens in the post-embryonic period of ontogenesis. One of the tasks was to study the causal relationship between the level of selenium consumption by broiler chickens and the studied indicators. The research was conducted on broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 cross. During the rearing period, the feeding of broiler chickens of all groups was carried out with dry full-fledged mixed feeds following the existing norms. The poultry of the first control group did not receive selenium supplementation. The poultry of the second experimental group was additionally injected with Selenium at the rate of 0.2 mg/kg, the third of 0.3, and the fourth of 0.4 mg/kg. When conducting a correlation analysis of the obtained experimental data, it was found that there are different levels and directions of relationship between internal and economically valuable features included in the study, which may vary depending on the selenium content in mixed feed for broiler chickens. A scheme of modeling the effect of selenium on broiler chickens’ bodies is proposed.

Special compound feeds and an immunostimulator to increase the live weight gain of suckling piglets

Sow milk is usually enough to meet the need for nutrients of three weeks age piglets. However from the beginning of life they need supplemental nutrients in the form of creep feeding. The objective of this study was to survey the usefulness of special mixed feeds (super starter, pre-starter, starter feeds) given as creep feeding and feeding to suckling pigs, as well as the use of immunostimulant for their health, better growth and development. The study showed that suckling pig fed with special super starter, pre-starter and starter mixed feed depending on age, as well as young animals additionally treated with intramuscular injected immunostimulant better by growth rate. The highest indicators for the live weight of piglets at the age of 60 days (weaning) and for the milk content of sows were in the experimental group, which was intramuscularly injected with an immunostimulator The highest live weight of (weaning) piglets aged 60 days was in treated groups.

Silicon-based natural zeolites in feeding store pigs

To realize the genetic potential of pig productivity and balance diets, it is perhaps to use various additives, including silicon-containing zeolite trepel. The novelty of the work - the use of zeolite in feeding as a preventive and therapeutic additive allows you to increase productivity and reduce the cost of feed and feed costs compared to similar additives. For the experiment, 4 recipes of mixed feeds were developed: one without the content of zeolite trepel and 3 with 3, 4, 5% of this additive. It is proved that the best dose of this drug is 3% of the mass of feed. It was found that the body weight gain in II group increased by 13.5%, in III group by 7.2%, and in IV group decreased by 4.41% compared to the control group. The addition of silicon-containing zeolite in the II and III experimental groups did not affect the consumption of mixed feed, and in the IV experimental group, a decrease in the consumption of mixed feed was observed. Feed consumption in the I, III and IV experimental groups decreased by 12.1%, 6.7% and 0.3%.

MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS QUAIL’S EGGS WHEN FEEDING ORGANIC CONCENTRATE

One of the main factors that ensure the growth of profitability of poultry farming is the partial replacement of grain crops with non-traditional feed with low cost, which, for example, can be considered processed dry bird droppings (SPP). The aim of the research was to study the effect of organic concentrate based on SPP on the morphological parameters of quail eggs. For the study, 5 experimental groups of quails were selected using the method of analog pairs. The birds of the control group received factory-made feed DC-52-100 %, the quails of the experimental groups (I, II, III and IV) were replaced by 10, 15, 20 and 25% by weight, respectively, with an organic protein concentrate based on SPP. In studies, it was found that the introduction of an organic concentrate based on SPP in the amount of 10, 15, 20, 25 % instead of a similar amount of mixed feed contributed to an increase in the relative weight of the yolk by 1,55; 4,51 (P≤ 0.05); 0,64 and 1,87 %, a decrease in the protein/yolk ratio by 2,07; 6,74 (P≤ 0.05); 0,52 and 3,13%, respectively, relative to similar indicators of eggs of the control group. The addition of organic concentrate based on SPP to the composition of mixed feeds contributed to the improvement of the morphological parameters of food eggs and the quality of the shell. The weight of eggs practically did not change when replacing 10,0% of the complete feed with a similar amount of organic concentrate, while the picture was ambiguous when increasing the dose of the test feed.

Economy coefficient and costs of raw milk production depending on the price of animal feed

Food costs are the highest costs in milk production so they need to be minimized. In large dairy farms, the total share of food in the cost structure ranges from 50-60%, while in small farms it is above 60%. By producing one's own voluminous food, the sustainable needs of animals and lower milk production can be met, while higher milk production requires the use of concentrated nutrients produced on one's own farm (corn, cereals). The purchase of ready-mixed feeds should be avoided because it is economically unjustified. Poorer quality and inadequate quantities (more or less than technological needs) in the diet of dairy cows have a direct effect on the amount of milk produced, and thus on income. The production of own fodder and its use greatly reduces the cost of milk because the internal factors of the farm's business determine the success of the business more than the selling price. The cost of food in the total cost of milk production participates from 44.50% in small farms that have a grazing system in the feeding, to 56.71% in Holstein cows in 2021. The share of concentrate in the total cost of feeding is from 55.80% in Holstein cows in 2020 to 71.23% in small farms with a grazing system in the feeding. The costs of production of corn silage in the feeding ratio in 2020. yaer amounted 0.0514 BAM / kg, and in the feeding ratio in 2021. Year 0.0433 BAM / kg. The price of concentrate in the feeding ratio in 2020. Year was 0.55 BAM / kg, and in 2021. Year 0.72 BAM / kg (1 BAM = 0,511 €) (1 BAM = 0, 59 $) The coefficient of economy is from 1.4920 in farms with up to 10 Simmental cows, to 1.8214 in larger Holstein cow farms.

Using binders for feed producing needed for aquaculture

The article is dedicated to binders, which are used as components of aquaculture feeds. It includes generalization results of modern scientific-applied stuff, mostly obtained by foreign researches, since this kind of information presented at domestic specialized journals in extremely small volume. An information about functional purpose for main feed components — protein- and oil-containing, antioxidants and some others — was presented. Binders impaction on aquatic feed attraction and it’s nutritional value was shown, general functional purposes for binding agents also explained. A small analytical description for Russian binder market presented, a modern classification for binders also was shown as well as main segments in feed market where these binders can be used. Differences in rheological characteristics of various binders and it’s interaction mechanism with feed components within granules are described. Significant differences between Russian and foreign methodologies, used for researching of structurally-mechanical characteristics of feed pellets, are indicated and needs in domestic and foreign analytical techniques harmonization was justified. This article includes results of foreign investigations, dedicated of binders applied using (such as starches, obtained from various raw sources, carrageenan, CMC, pectin, agar, gelatin and so on) while pelleted and extruded feeds production was summarized. Crayfishes, shrimps, sea urchins and fishes (gibel carp, olive flounder) were used for researching and were fed by feeds with these binders. The best kinds of binders and it’s most effective concentrations for feeds, used for various species was defined, impaction on fish farming efficiency also was studied for some of these binders. Needs for further researching works with binders for using in feed production industry was justified. English version of the article is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/use-of-binding-substances-in-the-production-of-mixed-feeds-for-aquaculture/74633.html

Growing sterlet fingerlings (Asirepseg ruthenus L.) and their albinos in a closed-loop water supply system using feed of different nutritional values

When growing fish in conditions of intensive technologies for normal growth and development, the main task is to provide them with a balanced full-fledged food. Currently, the most widely used in industrial fish farming are granulated mixed feeds of various formulations that fully meet the needs of the farmed fish. The objects of the study were the same-age sterlet fingerlings of ordinary color with an initial weight of 112–132 g and albino sterlet fingerlings weighing 99–105 g. We used mixed feeds from two manufacturers Aquarex (Russia) and Le Gouessant, which differ in fat content. Manual feeding. The temperature range is 21–23 °C. When feeding young sterlets of the usual color with the Aquarex compound feed, the average daily increase was 1.93 g, and when feeding with the Le Gouessant compound feed — 2.76 g, which is 43.0 % more. Albinos, on the contrary, had higher rates when fed with Aquarex compound feed — the average daily increase was 2.77 g, and on Le Gouessant compound feed — 2.13 g, which is 30.0 % lower. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that the highest fish-breeding and biological indicators were achieved by sterlet fingerlings of the usual color when feeding them with Le Gouessant compound feed, and albino sterlets-when using Aquarex feed with a higher fat content. This indicates that for the successful cultivation of albino sterlets, mixed feeds with a fat:protein ratio of 1:2.5 should be used, and sterlets of ordinary color — 1:4.3, which should be taken into account when selecting mixed feeds, or making a diet.