CHINA AND NEW SILK ROAD

China crept to the top of the global system based on a thoughtful plan initiated by communist party. The aim is to make China a supreme force competing the United States of America as declared by some Chinese leaders who agreed that at the beginning of 2030 China will be in the first place globally. These statements have pushed the United States to adopt the policy of strategic competing in an attempt to halt China progression. In the middle of this political and economic conflict, global changes become clear on the international stage and clearer on the Middle East stage. The study seeks to shed light on the effect of Silk Road on global domination and rising forces in different continents. In addition, to shed light on significant reflections of the global system especially economic system in the light of technologic and economic competition and the effect of this competing on Arab region and its surroundings. The most important is to show the role of the American- Chinses relations in the global system, stability and its effect on some commercial systems and global trade in general.

Best done differently? Couples’ money pooling and the association with economic conflicts

Economic conflicts are likely to affect couples’ relationship, and different strategies of handling money may be important for how common such conflicts are. This study investigates whether couples’ choice of pooling money is associated with the occurrence of economic conflicts and whether different degree of pooling matters differently in different situations in life. The study focuses on whether the respondents experience economic hardship, their age (or cohort), and duration of union. We use the GGS 2012/2013 for Sweden including cohabiting and married respondents aged 20–80. Results from regression models suggest that couples who pool all money have lowest propensity for economic conflicts. Furthermore, to have difficulties making ends meet is associated with economic conflicts, older couples (or of earlier cohorts) are less likely to experience economic conflicts and likewise relationships of long duration less often experience economic conflict. It seems that pooling money is associated with less economic conflicts especially among the couples with economic hardships, among older couples, and couples of longer duration. Thus, pooling of money has a moderating importance for some situations.

What Influences on Stock Prices Have Occurred Due to the U.S.- China Trade Dispute?

The U.S.-China trade dispute occurred in 2008. It was an economic conflict lasting about two years. This study examined the stock prices not only the U.S. and China but also other economies. There results indicate that impacts of the trade dispute on stock markets including the U.S. are significantly positive, however, since China is one party of the trade dispute, there is some possibility that its stock markets faced a decline along with other stock markets. When the tensions on international trade from statements made by the U.S. or China increase, their measures carried over to other economies

Deliberative structures and their impact on voting under economic conflict

We conduct a laboratory experiment to investigate how different deliberative structures of varying inclusiveness affect collective decisions in the presence of economic conflict. An electorate consists of two groups, one informed and one uninformed about an uncertain state of the economy. This state affects payoffs differently for the two groups. We study three deliberative structures that vary in how the uninformed are included in pre-vote communication. Compared with a setting without any communication, we find that communication in all three deliberation treatments leads to more frequent votes for the efficient policies. The most inclusive deliberative structure motivates more truthfulness, more trust, more cooperativeness (i.e. refraining from protest votes), and more votes for the efficient policies, than the least inclusive structure. However, comparison among the deliberation treatments reveals that the most inclusive deliberative structure is not the one that generates the highest degree of truthfulness. The dynamics of communication lead to a general deterioration of truth-telling and cooperativeness, reinforced by the use of disrespectful and uncooperative language.

TRANSFORMASI NOVEL SERENDIPITY KE DALAM FILM SERENDIPITY KARYA ERISCA FEBRIANI: KAJIAN SASTRA BANDINGAN

This comparative analysis descriptive study aims to (1) describe the transformation of the novel Serendipity into the film Serendipity, and (2) describe the social conflicts contained in the novel Serendipity by Erisca Febriani. The data sources for this research are the film and novel Serendipity by Erisca Febriani. The data of this research are in the form of sentences contained in the Serendipity Novel and Serendipity Film by Erisca Febriani with a sociological approach to literature. This research data collection by watching the film Serendipity and literature study. This study uses a sociology of literature approach with the following steps: (1) determining the subject and object of research, (2) research work (data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions). The results of this study indicate that (1) the transformation of the novel into the film Serendipity shows several changes when it is adapted into a film, and (2) the social conflict in the novel Serendipity by Erisca Febriani is built by one conflict, namely socio-economic conflict.

The Salience of Perceived Societal Conflict in Europe: A 27 Country Study on the Development of a Measure for Generalized Conflict Thinking

Over the last two decades, European countries have struggled with several crises (e.g., the Great Recession, the refugee crisis) which had a tremendous impact on (some) societies. Typically, these crises were accompanied by divisive public discourses that rely heavily on a sharp and moralistic us-them distinction. Especially extreme right- and left-wing parties have adopted such conflict discourses and have gained much electoral support. Against this background, this paper has two objectives. First, data from the European Quality of Life Survey from 2003 to 2016 in 27 countries are used to provide a comprehensive overview of the salience of perceived societal conflicts between seven pairs of groups between countries and across time. We find substantial differences between countries and longitudinal trend variation in the salience of perceived societal conflict. For example, in Eastern European countries more economic conflict is perceived, while in Western European countries people perceive more cultural conflict between different ethnic and religious groups. Second, multigroup confirmatory factor analyses reveal that specific perceptions of conflict are structured by an underlying general orientation, generalized conflict thinking: people’s tendency to perceive society through the lens of conflict regardless of the specificity of these groups. The measure for generalized conflict thinking is metric equivalent across a large sample of countries. This demonstrates that generalized conflict thinking can be used as a social indicator for comparative research. In the conclusion we elaborate on the implications of our findings and develop a research agenda regarding generalized conflict thinking.

SOCIAL AND LABOR CONFLICT MANAGEMENT: UKRAINIAN AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

The subject of study in the article is the process of socio-economic conflict management. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the theoretical provisions and methodological approaches in the management of labor conflicts as a form of social and labor relations based on Ukrainian and foreign experience. The following tasks are solved in the article: to investigate the essence and place of social and labor conflict in the system of social contradictions; provide a classification of conflicts in the social and labor sphere; to study the forms and methods of resolving social and labor conflicts: to analyze the success of conflict prevention in Ukrainian and foreign practice. The following methods are used: method of analysis and synthesis, classification-analytical method, abstract-logical method, historical-retrospective analysis and generalization. The following results were obtained: the concept of socio-economic conflict is clarified. The classification of conflicts is carried out, which gives an understanding of the nature and essence of conflict relations on the following grounds: the method of conflict resolution (antagonistic and compromise conflicts); spheres of conflict (political, social, economic, organizational conflicts); direction of impact (vertical and horizontal conflicts); degree of conflict confrontation (hidden and open conflicts); the number of participants in conflict interaction (intrapersonal, interpersonal, intergroup); needs (cognitive and interest conflicts). Structural and interpersonal methods for resolving conflict situations are defined. An analysis of the current state of resolution and prevention of labor conflicts in 2020 was conducted according to the National Service for Mediation and Reconciliation. Foreign experience in resolving labor disputes has proved the feasibility of developing the following ways to resolve labor disputes in Ukraine: with the help of special courts on labor and social security (sectoral justice); through civil proceedings in general courts; through conciliation and arbitration procedures. Conclusions: The analysis allowed to determine the essence of social and labor conflict as a form of social and labor relations at the micro, meso, and macro levels, which is manifested in the opposition of the subjects of the socio-economic sphere. Applying the gained world experience it is possible to reduce social tensions and to strengthen social and economic safety of the state. Keywords: brand; definition; branding; brand book; rebranding; stages.

A Comparative Country Analysis of Legal and Management Bases of Regulation of Migration Processes

Changes in the types of economic, political and legal behavior, social interests and forms of their protection in the modern world are connected, among other things, with migration processes. With economic, labour and demographic potential, migration carries social, political and other risks that are perceived with concern by the titular population and can lead to threats to public stability and national interests if the State does not take appropriate regulatory measures. Migration risks can be seen as a factor in the emergence of tension in the host society, as well as ethnic, religious, socio-economic conflict situations. On the other hand, migration processes have an impact on the social development of recipient states, reflected in the legal frameworks and management mechanisms of regulation of migration, labour market, employment, social sphere. «The Global Compact for Safe has been an important goal of the social adaptation of foreign nationals into the host society while creating favorable conditions for social harmony and promoting the integration of migrants. The article conducted a country comparative analysis of the legal and management frameworks for regulating migration processes in the main recipient states.

Az erdélyi püspökség és székeskáptalan Kán László vajdasága alatt

The episcopacy played an important role at the end of the Arpad Age, and the fate of certain dioceses were sealed by the relationships between the bishops and the oligarchs. Thus, at the end of the 13th and at the beginning of the 14th century, both the history of the Chapter and of the Diocese of Transylvania was heavily influenced by the relation between Bishop Peter Monoszló and Ladislaus Kán, Voivode of Transylvania. In my article, I aim to survey the relationship of the Diocese and the Chapter of Transylvania, beginning with Bishop Peter Monoszló, with the later Voivode of Transylvania, Ladislaus Kán, elaborately presenting the signs which may imply a harmonic relation between the bishop and the voivode, the economic conflict with the chapter, and the difficulties the chapter had to face following the death of Peter Monoszló: the difficult election and confirmation of his successor, Bishop Benedict, and the lawsuits against the Transylvanian Saxons.