Произведена экспериментальная оценка развития пожаров в объеме чердачных помещений в зависимости от типа кровельного покрытия. По результатам исследования отмечается, что применение кровли из горючих материалов способствует более быстрому образованию сквозных прогаров и выходу пламени за пределы помещения, в то время как в случае использования сплошных настилов из негорючих материалов горение в течение длительного времени развивается в объеме, а после появления общей вспышки быстро распространяется от очага в объеме. Представлены рекомендации по осуществлению мероприятий в области обеспечения требований Федерального закона в части ограничений последствий пожара.
The article presents the results of an experimental assessment of fire development dynamics in the volume of attics, depending on the type of roofing. According to the results of the study, it is noted that the use of a roof made of combustible materials contributes to the faster formation of through burnouts and the exit of the flame outside the room, when solid decking made of non-combustible materials is used, fire develops for a long time in the volume, and after the formation of a general flash it quickly spreads from the hearth all over the volume. Open fire time over a roof made of combustible materials is more than twice less than when testing a roof with a solid flooring made of non-combustible materials and makes 5.5 minutes, compared to 13.5 minutes. In a real fire with a large amount of fire load in the volume of the attic the temporary gap may be sufficient to ensure that the fire, in the absence or failure of the fire detection system, covers the entire construction volume before it is detected by random witnesses and information about it is received by the fire department. When using a roof system made of combustible materials, it is noted that despite the high rate of initial fire development, the dynamics of subsequent fire propagation in the roof volume is lower, even in the absence of fire-resistant treatment of wooden structures. Based on the results of the study there are presented recommendations for the implementation of measures to meet the requirements of the Federal Law No. 123-FZ dated 22.07.2008 “Technical Regulations on Fire safety requirements” in terms of limiting the fire consequences.