scholarly journals REMOVAL OF POLLUTANTS FROM SEWAGE WITH GRINDED SHELLS OF APRICOT KERNELS

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Il'dar Gil'manovich Shaikhiev ◽  
Karina Il'darovna Shaikhieva ◽  
Svetlana Vasil'yevna Sverguzova ◽  
Yuriy Alekseyevich Vinogradenko
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
Apricot Kernels ◽  
Biomass Components ◽  
Number Of Publications

A review of the literature data on the use of biomass components of apricot trees (Prunusarmeniaca) as a sorption material for the extraction of various pollutants from waste and natural waters is carried out. The parameters of the sorption interaction at which the highest degree of removal of pollutants is achieved are given. It has been shown that it is possible to increase the sorption capacity of apricot biomass components by modifying it with various chemical reagents. It has been determined that the most studied sorption material is the shell of apricot kernels. It is determined that the largest number of publications is devoted to the use of the latter as raw materials for the production of activated carbons. It was revealed that the surface area and the total pore volume of activated carbons from the kernels of apricot fruits depend on the modes of carbonization and activation of raw materials. It is shown that activated carbons are effective sorbents for removing various pollutants (metal ions, dyes, oil and oil products) from aqueous media. It was found that the adsorption isotherms of pollutants are most adequately described in most cases by the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the kinetics of the process is most often described by the pseudo-second order model.

scholarly journals Fish Scales as a Biosorbent of Pollutants from Wastewaters and Natural Waters (a Literature Review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 6893-6905 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Fish Scales ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Sorption Material

We have reviewed literature data on the use of various fish scales as a sorption material for extracting various pollutants (heavy metal ions, dyes, antibiotics) from waste and natural waters. The parameters of sorption interaction that ensure the greatest degree of pollutant removal are given in this paper. It is shown that the sorption capacity of fish scales can be increased by modifying various chemical reagents. The isotherms of pollutant adsorption with fish scales were found to be, in most cases, most adequately described by the Langmuir model, less often by the Freundlich model, and the pseudo-second second-order model most often describes the process kinetics.

scholarly journals USING OF BIOMASS AND WASTES OF BEANS (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS) AND PEAS (PISUM SATIVUM) PRO-CESSING AS SORPTION MATERIAL FROM POLLUTANTS REMOVING FROM WATER ENVIRONMENTS (LIT-ERATURE REVIEW)

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
Karina Il'darovna Shaykhiyeva ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Fridland ◽  
Svetlana Vasil'yevna Sverguzova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Plant Structure ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Biomass Components ◽  
Heavy Metals Ions

Was reported literature findings of domestic and foreign articles about using of biomass components (leaves, straw, pods, seeds) and wastes of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and peas (Pisum sativum) pods shells processing as sorption material for pollutants (metals ions, colorants) removing from water environments. Concise literature findings about Pisum sativum and Phaseolus vulgaris plant structure, cultivation value, and chemical composition of some biomass components are described. Was revealed that composition of beans and peas pods has big amount of proteins, that can provide removing of metals ions such as (Cd(II), Co(II), Cr(III) и Cr(VI), Cu(II), Fe(III), Mo(VI), Ni(II), Pb(II), Sb(III) и Sb(V), Zn(II)) from water environments. Was showed  the possibility of sorption characteristics increase for pollutants by Phaseolus vulgaris and Pisum sativum biomass treatment with different chemical reagents. Was revealed that pollutants sorption isotherms of wastes and biomass of considered legumes are described mostly by Langmuir model than by Freundlich model. The kinetic of process mostly match to pseudo-second order model. It is shown that using of seeds and pods shells of legumes is prospectively for removing of heavy metals ions and suspended particles from water. Was proposed to use charcoal, which was gotten by peas pods carbonization for removing of heavy metals ions from water environments. Concluded, that using of legumes pods extracts is more effective for clearing water environments from heavy metals ions.

scholarly journals Nut Shells as Adsorbents of Pollutants: Research and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria I. Papadaki ◽  
Didilia Ileana Mendoza-Castillo ◽  
Hilda Elizabeth Reynel-Avila ◽  
Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet ◽  
Stavros Georgopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Acid Blue

Shells, kernels, and other wastes have been investigated by researchers as potential adsorbents for a number of pollutants like methylene blue (MB), Remazol Rot RB, acid blue 80, acid blue 324, or as raw materials for the production of activated carbons and biochars to serve the same objective. Activated carbons formed by such wastes have been found to remove different heavy metals like uranium, arsenic, and cadmium while their biochars removed others like lead and copper. Furthermore, the production of these adsorbents can be combined with additional ways of valorization of this type of waste like bio-oil or bio-gas generation or even added-value materials extraction. In this work, conducted research on the ability of pistachio, pecan, cashew nut, and castor seed shells to selectively adsorb and thus remove pollutants from synthetic wastewaters is being shown. This type of research needs to be expanded in order to incorporate competitive adsorption, adsorbents regeneration, and recovery of adsorbates and to evaluate their performance with real wastewaters, before they find their way to large scale applications for the removal of the respective compounds from natural waters and wastewaters. An appropriate life cycle assessment is also necessary for the evaluation of the environmental benefits arising from their use.

scholarly journals Use of Garlic Processing By-Products to Remove Pollutants from Aqueous Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 4518-4528
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Sorption Parameters ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
By Products ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

The paper summarized the literature data on using ground peels, outer leaves, and garlic roots (Allium sativum L.) as sorption materials to remove various metal ions, dyes, and antibiotics from aqueous media. This paper provides brief information on the amount of waste generated from processing garlic, its chemical composition, and ways of reuse. It gives the adsorption processes parameters and the values of sorption parameters for the studied pollutants. It was shown that garlic residue sorption characteristics for various pollutants could be increased by chemical modification with various chemical reagents. It was determined that the Langmuir model more accurately describes the pollutant’s adsorption isotherms in most cases, and the kinetics of the process more accurately describes the pseudo-second-order model. It was shown that garlic peels and steam are good precursors for activated carbons production.

The Use of Biomass of Apricot Kernels as a Material for the Extraction of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Media

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
S.V. Sverguzova ◽  
Yu.A. Vinogradenko ◽  
I.G. Shaikhiev ◽  
R.Z. Galimova ◽  
E.S. Antyufeeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
Sorption Energy ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Apricot Kernels ◽  
Kernel Cca

The possibility of using a sorption material based on apricot kernels for the extraction of methylene blue (MG) dye from aqueous media is considered. The maximum sorption capacity of the material was established – 0.58 mmol/g (185.6 mg/g). The obtained isotherm was processed within the framework of monomolecular and polymolecular adsorption models. The equations that most accurately describe the isotherm are determined, and the correlation coefficients are calculated. It has been shown that the sorption isotherm of the MG dye by the crushed apricot kernel (CCA) is best described by the Langmuir (R2 = 0.9724) and Dubinin-Radushkevich (R2 = 0.9818) models. However, when comparing the plots of the function A = f(Ce) of the sorption processes of the dye by the CCA sorbent according to the models under study with the experimental dependence, it was found that the sorption process is most accurately described by the sorption models of Dubinin-Radushkevich and Temkin. Using the equations of the Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich models, the thermodynamic parameters of the process were calculated: the sorption energy (E = 8.066 kJ/ mol) and the Gibbs energy (∆Go = -8.597 kJ/mol).

scholarly journals Onion (Allium Cepa) Processing Waste as a Sorption Material for Removing Pollutants from Aqueous Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3173-3185
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
Onion Skin ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The paper summarizes the literature data on the use of onion (Allium cepa) processing waste as sorption materials to remove various pollutants (metal ions, dyes, antibiotics) from aqueous media. It provides brief literature data on the structure, volume of cultivation, and chemical composition of some components of onion biomass. It was found that onions contain many amino acids, vitamins, polyphenolic compounds, and other biologically active compounds that have various functional groups in their composition. This contributes to the removal of various metal ions (Ca2+, Cd2+, Cr(VI), Cu2+, Hg2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Zn2+) from aqueous media with native and modified onion processing waste (onion skin). The work shows the possibility of increasing the sorption characteristics of pollutants by treating the Allium cepa biomass with various chemical reagents. It was found that the pollutant adsorption isotherms on onion skin are most often more accurately described by the Langmuir and Freundlich models, less often by other models. The kinetics of the process predominantly corresponds to the pseudo-second-order model. It was shown that the use of onion skin extracts modified with various chemical compounds is promising for removing heavy metal ions. The work also shows the possibility of using onion skin modified by plasma and microwave radiation to remove the Methylene blue dye from simulated solutions.

scholarly journals Review of Almond (Prunus Dulcis) Shell Use to Remove Pollutants from Aquatic Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 14866-14880
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Sorption Parameters ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

We summarized the literature data on using ground almond (Prunus dulcis) green hull and shell as sorption materials to remove various metal ions, dyes, and some organic compounds from aqueous media. This paper provides brief information on the amount of waste generated from processing almonds, their chemical composition, and ways of reuse. It gives the adsorption processes parameters and the values of sorption parameters for the studied pollutants. It was shown that almond shells’ sorption characteristics for various pollutants could be increased by chemical modification with various chemical reagents. It was determined that the Langmuir model more accurately describes the pollutants adsorption isotherms in most cases, and the kinetics of the process in all cases follows the pseudo-second-order model. It was shown that almond hulls and shells are a good precursor for activated carbons production.

scholarly journals Nitrile Synthesis with Aldoxime Dehydratases: A Biocatalytic Platform with Applications in Asymmetric Synthesis, Bulk Chemicals, and Biorefineries

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4466
Author(s):  
Pablo Domínguez de María
Keyword(s):  
Asymmetric Synthesis ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Polymer Chemistry ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Bulk Chemicals ◽  
Recent Developments

Nitriles comprise a broad group of chemicals that are currently being industrially produced and used in fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals, as well as in bulk applications, polymer chemistry, solvents, etc. Aldoxime dehydratases catalyze the cyanide-free synthesis of nitriles starting from aldoximes under mild conditions, holding potential to become sustainable alternatives for industrial processes. Different aldoxime dehydratases accept a broad range of aldoximes with impressive high substrate loadings of up to >1 Kg L−1 and can efficiently catalyze the reaction in aqueous media as well as in non-aqueous systems, such as organic solvents and solvent-free (neat substrates). This paper provides an overview of the recent developments in this field with emphasis on strategies that may be of relevance for industry and sustainability. When possible, potential links to biorefineries and to the use of biogenic raw materials are discussed.

scholarly journals Adhesion abilities and biosorption of Cd and Mg by microorganisms - first step for eco-friendly beneficiation of phosphate ore

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakim Rabia ◽  
Malek Ould Hamou ◽  
Katarzyna Kasperkiewicz ◽  
Jolanta Brożek ◽  
Maria Augustyniak
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rhodococcus Erythropolis ◽  
Phosphate Ore ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Natural Mixture ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Unique Composition ◽  
Apatite Surface

Abstract Chemical reagents used in traditional mineral processing can be toxic and hazardous for the environment. Therefore, the use of biotechnological methods is becoming increasingly important. Great hopes are being placed in the use of microorganisms for bio-beneficiation of raw materials. However, assessment of adhesion abilities of bacteria onto minerals surface as well as biosorption of metals are essential steps before designing final process of each ore beneficiation. The main aim of this work was an investigation of biosorption of Cd and Mg, as well as adhesion abilities of five microorganism species with minerals included in the natural mixture of phosphate ore form Djebel Onk, Algeria. The ore, due to its unique composition, created conditions for adhesion of all five tested microbial strains onto apatite surface during incubation at pH 3. Moreover, Rhodococcus erythropolis CD 130, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Escherichia coli adhered distinctly onto apatite surface during incubation at pH 7. Incubation lasting 20 min at pH 4-6 created the most favorable conditions for biosorption of metals by B. subtilis and adhesion of cells. In case of C. albicans, biosorption of metals as well as adhesion of cells onto the mineral surface were more effective after longer time and in a wider pH range.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF THE SORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF ACTIVATED CARBONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (446) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
A.E. Ilyassov ◽  
A.О. Baikonurova ◽  
B.N. Surimbayev
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Heap Leaching ◽  
Gold Content ◽  
Coking Coal ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Coconut Shells ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

The article presents the results of a comparison of the sorption characteristics for gold of crushed activated carbon of the foreign Haycarb brand, obtained from expensive raw materials - coconut shells, and crushed activated carbon of the domestic Shubarkol brand, obtained from relatively cheap raw materials - low-ash coking coal. The activated carbon Shubarkol crushed to a class of -3.6+1.0 mm, was produced in Kazakhstan from coking coal by Shubarkolkomir JSC. To test the crushed coal Shubarkol, industrial crushed coal Haycarb, made from coconut shells, was used as a reference sample. This coal is widely used in gold mining enterprises for the sorption of dissolved gold from cyanide solutions and pulps. For research, a productive solution of the process of heap leaching of gold from oxidized ore of one of the deposits of Kazakhstan was used with the composition, mg/L: gold 0.82; silver 0.44; copper 8.34; pH 11.05. Determination of the sorption characteristics of coals was carried out by the method of saturation with gold when changing solutions. The results of changes in the gold content in the mother solution, its extraction and saturation of coals with precious metal after each sorption cycle from the productive heap leaching solution using crushed coals of the Shubarkol and Haycarb brands are presented. It follows from the obtained data that Shubarkol activated carbon has similar sorption characteristics compared to Haycarb activated carbon. The working capacity for gold of Shubarkol coal was 2.28 kg/ton of sorbent, and of Haycarb coal - 2.57 kg/ton. Thus, crushed coal Shubarkol, obtained from relatively cheap raw materials, can be successfully used at industrial facilities instead of foreign sorbent.

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