Threat Hunting Early Experiment through Event Correlation and Memory Forensic

The cyber threat landscapes nowadays are dynamically evolving over time, the cyber security practitioner in corporations need to adapt with more sophisticated way with the latest cyber threat attacks are launched. Cyber Threat Intelligence is one of the tools that can be utilized as a cyber threat detection. Generally, CTI operates by integrating its directory with events collected from Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) to correlates all of the appliances logs within corporation and providing summarized and meaningful information that can be reviewed to identify legitimate malicious cyber threat activity. However, relying only CTI subscription that only contains blacklist domain and ip addresses integrated with SIEM will only provide passive detection for known cyber threats. The needs for proactive cyber threat detection is required to compete with the modern threat landscape. This research work will try to explore the possibility of detecting unknown or undetected cyber threats using network event correlation and memory forensic to validate its existence. Throughout this research time span, we’re able to discover malicious network pattern that is proven to be undetected within internal organization endpoint protection. Therefore, this research will provide baseline for threat hunting activity based on network behavioural pattern.

Eco-cinegetic Management in Romania’s Maramureș Forest District

Hunting has been one of the first major concerns of humans since their appearance on this earth for many thousands of years. For the civilized world, however, the hunting activity made huge leaps of content, manifestation, and attitude, eventually reaching to be defined as a cultural, educational, recreational, sports, and even art activity. The present paper has as a subject the national hunting fund, having as a case study, the hunting fund of Maramureș county, specifically, the Vișeu district. We presented the national situation regarding the hunting fund, and only later, after reviewing the definition and characteristics of hunting, we started to present the data for Vișeu district hunting fund, noting that it has a significant hunting potential supported by sustainable management that may still involve adjustment, improvements, and assignment of methodologies, strategies and good environmental practices.

Is Hay for the Birds? Investigating Landowner Willingness to Time Hay Harvests for Grassland Bird Conservation

Birds in agricultural environments have exhibited steep global population declines in recent decades, and effective conservation strategies targeting their populations are urgently needed. In grasslands used for hay production, breeding birds’ nest success improves substantially if hay harvests are delayed until after mid-July. However, few studies have investigated private hay producers’ willingness to alter their harvesting practices, which is a critical factor for bird conservation where most land is privately owned, such as in the North American Great Plains. We surveyed Nebraska hay producers to examine whether livestock production, wildlife knowledge, and hunting activity affects their willingness to alter haying practices for bird conservation. The majority (60%) of respondents expressed willingness to delay harvesting hay to allow birds time to nest successfully. Livestock producers and those more knowledgeable about wildlife were more willing to delay hay harvests, whereas active hunters were less willing to do so. Our findings suggest that a majority of private producers show a high potential for engaging in grassland bird conservation activities. Landowners’ willingness to participate in bird conservation programs and actions could be further encouraged through extension and education efforts connecting hay producers with information, support, and funding for bird conservation.

Using crime script analysis to understand wildlife poaching in Vietnam

Poaching can contribute to the failure of biodiversity conservation efforts and inflict diverse harms on human livelihoods. We applied crime script analysis to the case of snare poaching—an illegal hunting activity—in three Vietnamese protected areas. Our goal was to enhance the understanding about the opportunity structure underlying snare poaching to advance the suite of community-based crime prevention activities. We analyzed crime scripts for three types of poachers across nine stages of the poaching process using expert-based elicitation with 13 workshop participants in Vinh, Vietnam, 2018. Five stages were similar, clustered toward the early stages, and two were different, clustered around middle crime stages. Analysis produced systematic crime-specific insight about the procedural aspects and requirements for poaching from preparation to hunt to selling one’s catch. Stages identify multiple entry points to apply prevention techniques and match techniques with different types of snare poaching or poachers. Although this research focused on protected areas, the interdisciplinary approach applied herein may be adapted to other conservation contexts.

Subsistence Hunting During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of the White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Rural Communities of Calakmul, Campeche, Mexico

Subsistence hunting for obtaining wild meat is a common practice in rural neotropical communities. Like other peasant practices disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, subsistence hunting could exacerbate pressure on wild mammals whose greater size contributes to feeding the hunter and his family. Thus, in the context of the pandemic, we assessed the subsistence hunting of the white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus), one of the main traditional game species in the Calakmul region, Campeche, Mexico, and compared this activity with its pre-pandemic levels of such vertebrate species. Based on ethnographic information and hunting records from three rural communities, we found that in one trimester (July-September 2020) of the rainy season, a total of 26 white-tailed deer (923 kg of game biomass) were obtained by local peasant-hunters carrying out hunting mostly alone. Most peasant-hunters interviewed (36 of 51) stated that they hunted daily, and only a few hunted once a week or once a month (8 and 3%, respectively). This hunting activity and modalities were carried out at night (68%) versus day, stalking (21%) and opportunist (11%) near their community. The game biomass and hunting frequency in the studied communities were twice as high during the pandemic, compared to similar pre-pandemic periods in the region. Our survey highlights the need to expand monitoring and evaluation (during and after the pandemic) of subsistence hunting on key species, such as white-tailed deer, in order to ensure conservation and sustainable use of wildlife in this important Mesoamerican region.

Retrospective Study on the Occurrence of Antibodies against Coxiella burnetii in Dogs from Central Italy

Coxiella burnetii, a cause of infection in humans and several animal species, is transmitted through inhalations and oral route but also tick bites. Its spreading in ruminants has been largely investigated, whereas data about the occurrence of this infection in canine population are scanty. In this retrospective study, blood serum samples of 516 dogs were tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay to detect antibodies against C. burnetii; 42 (8.13%) were positive with titers ranging from 1:64 to 1:512. The highest seroprevalences were detected in dogs aged > 5 years, employed in hunting activity and living in a peri-urban/rural environment. Diagnosis for C. burnetii infection should be always carried out in bitches with reproductive disorders. Moreover, in view of the zoonotic impact of this infection, asymptomatic dogs exposed to ticks’ bites and/or to contact with infected farm animals should be checked, too.

Heat wave effects on the behavior and life-history traits of sedentary antlions

Research on the behavioral responses of animals to extreme weather events, such as heat wave, is lacking even though their frequency and intensity in nature are increasing. Here, we investigated the behavioral response to a simulated heat wave in two species of antlions (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae). These insects spend the majority of their lives as larvae and live in sandy areas suitable for a trap-building hunting strategy. We used larvae of Myrmeleon bore and Euroleon nostras, which are characterized by different microhabitat preferences—sunlit in the case of M. bore and shaded in the case of E. nostras. Larvae were exposed to fluctuating temperatures (40 °C for 10 h daily and 25 °C for the remaining time) or a constant temperature (25 °C) for an entire week. We found increased mortality of larvae under heat. We detected a reduction in the hunting activity of larvae under heat, which corresponded to changes in the body mass of individuals. Furthermore, we found long-term consequences of the simulated heat wave, as it prolonged the time larvae needed to molt. These effects were pronounced in the case of E. nostras but did not occur or were less pronounced in the case of M. bore, suggesting that microhabitat-specific selective pressures dictate how well antlions handle heat waves. We, thus, present results demonstrating the connection between behavior and the subsequent changes to fitness-relevant traits in the context of a simulated heat wave. These results illustrate how even closely related species may react differently to the same event.

Factors affecting waterfowl hunting and harvest at the Evros delta, Greece

The Evros delta is one of the most important wetlands for wintering waterfowl in Greece and the most popular among waterfowl hunters. This study addresses hunting activity and harvest while also investigating the relationship between weather conditions and hunting activity to suggest ways of improving waterfowl management. We counted wintering waterfowl and hunter numbers, and conducted hunter bag surveys during December–February over four hunting seasons. We calculated a 10-day goose and duck Preferential Shooting Index (PSI), which is the ratio of observed number of shot birds to the number of birds expected to have been shot if the birds were shot in proportion to their availability. Common Teal, Mallard and Greater White-fronted Goose were the most abundant species both in the field and in hunter bags. The mean number of hunters/day was 99.9, with each one shooting on average 2.5 birds/day. The overall waterfowl harvested accounted for 1.3% of the total waterfowl population. For geese this proportion was six times higher (8.7%), while for ducks alone and protected species was 1.2% and 1.4% respectively. Geese were shot more often than expected (PSI 6.55), while ducks and protected species were shot according to their availability (PSI 0.86 and 1.02, respectively). Wind speed, precipitation and geese number in the field were the best predictors of overall harvest and number of hunters. To reduce goose overshooting and the probability of protected species being accidentally shot, we suggest habitat management actions for the geese feeding areas and hunters’ awareness raising.

El cazador, la presa y el Dueño de los Animales: El complejo cinegético nahua / The hunter, the prey and the Owner of the Animals: The Nahua hunting complex

La cacería es un complejo escenario que permite configurar las relaciones entre humanos y no humanos. Estas relaciones han sido observadas, mediante el trabajo de campo etnográfico, entre los nahuas de San Martín Mazateopan, comunidad ubicada al sureste del estado de Puebla. La cacería en Mazateopan no es solo un medio de subsistencia, sino una forma de comunicarse con el Dueño de los Animales, el Tepechane, quien entregará a sus «hijas», los venados, a los cazadores. Para lograr esto, realizan una serie de actividades cuyo objetivo es desvincularlos de la comunidad de humanos para permitirles adquirir cualidades ontológicas específicas e introducirse en la selva de manera más segura al ser identificados por quienes la habitan y la poseen. Lo que se propone en este documento es que los procedimientos rituales realizados por los «buenos» cazadores responden a la estructura del cosmos nahua y tienen como propósito (re)configurar temporalmente la continuidad entre ellos y el Dueño de Animales; lo anterior con el fin de realizar la actividad cinegética de manera segura y poder conseguir con ello su propósito: acceder a la carne de monte.Abstract: Hunting is a complex scenario that allows to configure the relationships between humans and non-humans. These relationships have been observed, through ethnographic fieldwork, between the Nahuas of San Martín Mazateopan, a community located in the southeast of the state of Puebla. Hunting in Mazateopan is not only a means of subsistence, but a means of communicating with the owner of the animals, the Tepechane, who will hand over his «daughters», the deer, to the hunters. To achieve this, they carry out a series of activities whose objective is to dissociate them from the human community, to allow them to acquire specific ontological qualities and to enter the jungle in a more secure way when they are identified by those who inhabit and own them. Therefore, what is proposed in this document is that the ritual procedures practiced by the «good» hunters respond to the structure of the Nahua cosmos and aim to (re) temporarily configure the continuity between them and the owner of the animal. The above in order to conduct the hunting activity safely and thus achieve its objective: access to bushmeat.Keywords: hunting; Nahuas; feeding; hierarchy; alliance.Résumé : La chasse est un scénario complexe qui vous permet de configurer les relations entre les humains et les non-humains. Ces relations ont été observées, grâce à des travaux ethnographiques sur le terrain, entre les Nahuas de San Martín Mazateopan, une communauté située au sud-est de l’État de Puebla. La chasse à Mazateopan n’est pas seulement un moyen de subsistance, mais aussi un moyen de communiquer avec le propriétaire des animaux, le Tepechane, qui remettra ses « filles », le cerf, aux chasseurs. Pour y parvenir, ils mènent une série d’activités dont l’objectif est de les dissocier de la communauté humaine, de leur permettre d’acquérir des qualités ontologiques spécifiques et d’entrer dans la jungle de manière plus sécurisée lorsqu’ils sont identifiés par ceux qui l’habitent et en sont propriétaires. En conséquence, ce qui est proposé dans ce document est que les procédures rituelles pratiquées par les « bons » chasseurs répondent à la structure du cosmos Nahua et visent à (re) configurer temporairement la continuité entre eux et le propriétaire des animaux. Ce qui précède afin de mener l’activité de chasse en toute sécurité et d’atteindre ainsi son objectif: l’accès à la viande de brousse.Mots-clés : chasse ; Nahuas ; alimentation ; hiérarchie ; alliance.

Tradisi Berburu Rusa Dalam Masyarakat Kluet: Kajian Etnografi Di Kecamatan Kluet Tengah

The tradition of deer hunting is an activity undertaken to catch deer using dog help, followed by many people and led by the handler. This paper is the result of a study that explores in depth the procession of deer hunting tradition, the meaning contained in deer hunting, and the public’s view of deer hunting activities in Kluet Tengah District. This research is a qualitative research and data collection technique is done through observation and interviews of key infomation which know about deer hunting tradition, such as deer handler, customary figures, adat leaders, community leaders, and experienced people and directly involved in the implementation deer hunting traditions, and literature studies. The results show that the hunting tradition is still frequently performed by the Kluet community, especially in the wake of the commemoration of the big days that will be carried out by the community. Hunting tradition also has taboos that must be obeyed by hunting members to avoid misfortune or misfortune. According to society’s perception, deer animals have guards in the form of spirits who have the power to wound anyone who harassed his home and animals. For this reason, before a hunting activity, the handler must perform several stages and ritual processes to ask not to be disturbed and given his animal. The process of burning keminjon, preparing tools, searching for perjak, seeking bekih, and profit sharing. The results of deer hunting are always shared with all the people present during the division process, although he did not participate in the hunt