Study of cooling properties new quenching media

The paper presents the results of testing the cooling capacity of a number of quenching oils using the device “IVF SMART QUENCH” of the company [[CHECK_DOUBLEQUOT_ENT]] IVF [[CHECK_DOUBLEQUOT_ENT]] (Sweden). The tests were carried out in order to expand the range of suppliers, to find alternative quenching media that match the cooling characteristics of traditionally used quenching oils. Both new and traditionally used quenching oils for volumetric quenching were tested. The cooling capacity characteristics of the Voltes 16 and Voltes 26 quenching oils were tested in comparison with the Thermo Oil 16 and Thermo Oil 26 oils used. The characteristics of Thermo Oil 16 and Thermo Oil 26 quenching oils in the “before operation” state (selected from storage tanks) were evaluated, and in the “during operation” state (selected directly from the quenching tanks). Based on the results obtained, the quenching media Thermo Oil 16 and Thermo Oil 26 produced by “TNK Lubricants” LLC in Ryazan are recommended for further practical use. The paper uses methods of statistical data processing to determine the characteristics of the stability of technological processes - the reliability and suitability indices.

Investigation of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Medium Carbon Steel

The effect of various heat treatment operations (annealing, normalizing and hardening) on mechanical properties of medium carbon steel was investigated. The samples were prepared and heat-treated at 770 ºC subsequently was cooled by different quenching media. The mechanical properties of the treated and untreated samples were determined using standard methods. Results showed that the mechanical properties of carbon steel can be changed and improved by various heat treatments. It was also found that the annealed samples has the lowest tensile strength and hardness value and highest ductility, while hardened samples has the highest tensile strength and hardness value and lowest ductility value.

Problems Associated with Heat Treated Parts

This article introduces some of the general sources of heat treating problems with particular emphasis on problems caused by the actual heat treating process and the significant thermal and transformation stresses within a heat treated part. It addresses the design and material factors that cause a part to fail during heat treatment. The article discusses the problems associated with heating and furnaces, quenching media, quenching stresses, hardenability, tempering, carburizing, carbonitriding, and nitriding as well as potential stainless steel problems and problems associated with nonferrous heat treatments. The processes involved in cold working of certain ferrous and nonferrous alloys are also covered.

Effect of quenching media on microstructural evolution, mechanical and wear properties of AISI4135 steel

The aim of this work is to study the effect of various quenching media on the microstructural evolution and properties enhancement of AISI 4135 alloy steel. The formation of dual microstructures and their effect on mechanical and wear properties are investigated in this work. An attempt is made to correlate the microstructure-properties relation based on the quenching method used. Steel is heated above the austenitic temperatures (A3) and subsequently cooled down through various quenching media to obtain the variations in microstructures and related properties. The heat treated samples were investigated for microstructural evolution through optical microscopy and scanning electron microscope; mechanical characterization through microhardness study, tensile testing and impact testing; and wear characterization through pin on disc tribometer. It was observed that increased cooling rates increased the volume fraction of martensitic structures whereas oil quenching enhanced fine pearlite and bainite formation. The air cooling led to the formation of fine pearlite along with ferrite structures. Strength, hardness and wear resistance is favored with martensite formation but toughness decreases.

Material Evolution of Heat-Treated Aluminum Alloy 6101 Quenched in Different Media

The goal of this study was to investigate the changing characteristics of Heat-Treated Aluminum Alloy 6101 quenched in various media. The research methodology of this research includes performing heat treatment on the Aluminum Alloy 6101 samples at various temperatures, specifically 250℃, 350℃ and 450℃ as well as carrying out quenching processes of the samples using Brine and Water as the main quenchants, and then allowing some samples to cool in the furnace and the rest to be normalized in air, after which mechanical tests (hardness and impact test) will then be carried out on the samples, followed by the microstructural analysis of the alloy. The study concluded that Aluminum Alloy 6101 should be heated to 250°C to achieve the greatest positive effect on its hardness properties, and the air was found to be the best cooling medium. It was also established that Brine Solution used as a quenching media has no significant effect on the hardness property of Aluminum Alloy 6101. Furthermore, the findings revealed that 350°C is the best temperature for increasing the Impact Absorbed Energy (IE) and Impact Strength (IS) of Aluminum Alloy 6101, and that cooling in the furnace also increases the IE and IS.

Experimental studies of different quenching media on mechanical and wear behavior of Al7075/SiC/Al2O3 hybrid composites

The effects of SiC-Al2O3 particle in the Al alloy on the mechanical and wear characteristics of stir-casted Composites have been reported. The Al7075 is reinforced with 2, 4, 6 and 8 wt. % of (SiC + Al2O3) to manufacture the hybrid composite. Ceramic particulates were added into Al alloy to achieve the low wear rate and improving mechanical properties. Hardening of casted specimens at 480ºC for the duration of 2 hrs and the specimens were quenched into two different quenching media (water and ice cubes). Finally, age-hardening were carried out at the temperature of 160ºC for the duration of 4 hrs and cooled at room temperature. The tensile strength, hardness and wear behaviour of MMCs are evaluated on the un-treated and heat treated composite. The tensile strength and hardness of MMCs increases by incorporating SiC-Al2O3 particulates. The wear behaviour of the MMCs containing SiC-Al2O3 particulates revealed the high wear-resistance. The heat-treatment had considerably improved the properties when compared to the un-heat treated composites. The composites with the highest tensile strength, hardness and enhanced wear resistance were found in the composites quenched in ice cubes. Worned surfaces of the composite specimens were studied by using SEM and XRD analysis

Mechanical properties and microstructural evaluation of heat-treated aluminum alloy using formulated bio-quenchants

Heat treatment industries require various quenching media to improve the properties of the materials to be quenched. Petroleum based mineral (PBM) oil, a non-biodegradable oil, is popular amongst others quenchants in heat treatment processes. Recently, biodegradable oils mostly in their raw, unblended and unbleached forms have been employed for quenching of various engineering materials. Therefore, the present study examined the effects of some selected bio-quenchants in blended raw (BR) and blended bleached (BB) forms on the mechanical properties and microstructure of solution heat treated aluminum (Al)-alloy. Edible vegetable oil (70% by volume) was blended with 30% by volume of jatropha oil to form the bio-quenchant oils. Another set of bio-quenchants were formed by bleaching the raw oils before mixing so as to reduce the oxidation level and contaminations in the oil. The Al-alloy is solution heat treated at 500 °C and soaked for 15 min in an electric muffle furnace before quenching in the various established bio-quenchants. Results showed that samples treated in blended raw melon (BRM) oil have higher tensile strength of 151.76 N/mm2 while samples quenched in blended bleached melon (BBM) oil have higher hardness value of 61.00 HRC. In accordance to the results obtained the bio-quenchants were found to be effective replacement to the PBM oil.