Trypanosomatids of four Loricariidae fish species in western Amazon rivers

The presence of trypanosomatids in fish is well known and can occur in many fish species worldwide. In this sense, this study aims to report the occurrence of Trypanosoma sp. in four species of the Loricariidae family in the western Amazon, as well as the morphology of these hemoparasites. The fish were collected in three sub-basins of the states of Acre and Amazonas, Brazil. Fish blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture, with smears made for quantification, morphometric measurements, and morphotyping of the trypanosomes found. We estimated the prevalence and parasitism density data. The morphometric variables of Trypanosoma sp. were subjected to analysis of variance. We found new reports of Trypanosoma distribution and occurrence in Loricariidae species for western Amazonia. The examined fish showed infection by more than one Trypanosoma spp. morphotype A has been identified infecting Loricariichthys anus, Sturisoma cf. robustum, and Loricaria cataphracta, morphotype B occurred in all fish species, and morphotypes C, D, and E occurred only in Loricaria sp. There was a significant difference between the morphotypes according to the morphometric parameters. Thus, this study significantly clarified the morphological variation, distribution, and diversity of Trypanosoma hosts.

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Infection by Trypanosoma spp. in Platydoras armatulus (Siluriformes, Doradidae), in Southwestern Amazon, Brazil

10.21203/rs.3.rs-355103/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lucena Rocha Virgilio ◽

Gabriele Oliveira Texeira ◽

Henrique Paulo Silva De Melo ◽

Sérgio Luiz Prolo Junior ◽

Ricardo Massato Takemoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Freshwater Fish ◽

Infection Intensity ◽

Morphometric Measurements ◽

Blood Samples ◽

First Report ◽

Cardiac Puncture ◽

Fish Blood

Abstract Trypanosoma is a hemoflagellate capable of infecting a wide variety of invertebrates and vertebrates, such as Neotropical freshwater fish. Thus, the present study described and morphologically compared Trypanosoma sp., found in Platydoras armatulus, Valenciennes, 1840, in southwestern Amazon. A sampling of fish specimens was carried out in a river located in Guajará, Amazonas, Brazil. Fish blood samples were collected through a cardiac puncture. Thus, smears were made for quantification, morphometric measurements, and morphotyping of trypanosomes found. Prevalence, mean abundance, and intensity of parasitism were estimated in the specimens of parasitized fish. Five fish specimens were collected, showing a 100% prevalence of parasites in the host. We found two Trypanosoma morphotypes, A and B, in which A had the highest infection intensity in host specimens. Thus, the present study showed the first report of Trypanosoma spp. in P. armatulus, besides the probability of two parasitic morphospecies in the blood of these fish specimens.

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The morphometric characters variability analysis of Tulipa uniflora (Liliaceae) in the Angara Region (Irkutsk Oblast, Russia)

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20181100009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 00009

Author(s):

Olga Chernysheva ◽

Yuriy Bukin ◽

Denis Krivenko

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Single Factor ◽

Morphometric Characters ◽

Interpopulation Variability ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Single Factor Analysis ◽

Components Method ◽

The One

The intra-and interpopulation variability of six populations of Tulipa uniflora (L.) Besser ex Baker at the northern limit of distribution in the Angara steppes over 12 morphometric parameters was studied by the principal components method and single-factor analysis of variance. It is established that the vectors characterizing the gradients of the change in the morphometric parameters are divided into two groups: vegetative and generative, which are among themselves in direct dependence. Based on the single-factor analysis of variance results for all morphometric parameters, a significant difference is observed between populations of T. uniflora in the Angara Region. On the one hand, this is a consequence of anthropogenic impact on the population, and on the other – the relic nature of the species.

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Markers of Hemostatic Activation in Affected Coronary Arteries during Angioplasty

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1648940 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 72 (05) ◽

pp. 672-675 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Nicolas W Shammas ◽

Michael J Cunningham ◽

Richard M Pomearntz ◽

Charles W Francis

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Balloon Inflation ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Hemostatic System ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Hemostatic Markers ◽

Artery Disease ◽

High Doses

SummaryTo characterize the extent of early activation of the hemostatic system following angioplasty, we obtained blood samples from the involved coronary artery of 11 stable angina patients during the procedure and measured sensitive markers of thrombin formation (fibrino-peptide A, prothrombin fragment 1.2, and soluble fibrin) and of platelet activation ((3-thromboglobulin). Levels of hemostatic markers in venous blood obtained from 14 young individuals with low pretest probability for coronary artery disease were not significantly different from levels in venous blood or intracoronary samples obtained prior to angioplasty. Also, there was no translesional (proximal and distal to the lesion) gradient in any of the hemostatic markers before or after angioplasty in samples obtained between 18 and 21 min from the onset of the first balloon inflation. Furthermore, no significant difference was noted between angioplasty and postangioplasty intracoronary concentrations. We conclude that intracoronary hemostatic activation does not occur in the majority of patients during and immediately following coronary angioplasty when high doses of heparin and aspirin are administered.

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Effect of Concentration of Trisodium Citrate Anticoagulant on Calculation of the International Normalised Ratio and the International Sensitivity Index of Thromboplastin

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1648816 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 72 (01) ◽

pp. 084-088 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

E M Duncan ◽

C R Casey ◽

B M Duncan ◽

J V Lloyd

Keyword(s):

Reference Material ◽

Oral Anticoagulants ◽

Reference Method ◽

Trisodium Citrate ◽

Sensitivity Index ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Orthogonal Regression ◽

Significant Difference ◽

International Normalised Ratio ◽

International Sensitivity Index

SummaryThe aim of this study was to determine whether the concentration of trisodium citrate used to anticoagulate blood has an effect on the INR of the sample and the ISI of the thromboplastin. Five thromboplastins including and Australian reference material were used to measure the prothrombin time of normal and patient samples collected into two concentrations of trisodium citrate - 109 mM and 129 mM. There was no effect of citrate concentration on the INRs determined with the reference material. However for the other four thromboplastins there was a significant difference between INRs for the two citrate groups. The prothrombin times of the samples collected into 129 mM were longer than those collected into 109 mM. This difference was only slight in normal plasma but more marked in patients receiving oral anticoagulants, causing the INRs for patient plasmas collected into 129 mM citrate to be higher then the corresponding samples collected into 109 mM citrate.From orthogonal regression of log prothrombin times by the reference method against each thromboplastin, we found that the ISI for each thromboplastin was approximately 10% lower when determined with samples collected into 129 mM citrate than with samples collected into 109 mM. These results suggest that the concentration of trisodium citrate used for collection of blood samples can affect the calculation of the INR and the calibration of the ISI of thromboplastin. This was found both for commercial thromboplastins prepared by tissue extraction and for a recombinant tissue factor.

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STUDY ON PHYSICAL AND SENSORICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FLESH RESTRUCTURED WITH SAGO CATFISH JERKY

Jurnal Agroindustri ◽

10.31186/j.agroind.4.2.55-64 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 55-64

Author(s):

Amir Jayani ◽

Zulman Efendi ◽

Devi Silsia

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Water Content ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Test Data ◽

Organoleptic Test ◽

Significant Difference

This study aims to gain influence the thickness and concentration variations affect the characteristics of sago binder physical properties of catfish jerky. As well as getting influence the thickness and concentration variations affect the level of binder sago joy panelists in terms of organoleptic test. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance using the Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA). If there is a significant difference followed by a further test of DMRT 5% level (physical properties). While the hedonic test performed using Kruskal Wallis analysis. Results uniformity analysis (ANOVA) showed catfish fillet thickness and concentration of sago affect the physical properties of the water content and the level of violence. Where catfish jerky using sago binder 5% and 10% significantly different. The use of sago binder 5% and 10% led to an increase in water content. Besides the addition of the binder resulted in increasing levels of violence catfish jerky. Based on the statistics found that the influence of the thickness and concentration of the binder sago aroma, flavor and color of the sixth jerky catfish were not significantly different. But the texture was significantly different.

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The effect of metabolism on the course of labor and the postpartum period in highly productive cows

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20201700256 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 00256

Author(s):

Murat Baimishev ◽

Sergey Eremin ◽

Kirill Plemyashov ◽

Hamidulla Baimishev ◽

Igor Konopeltsev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Postpartum Period ◽

Early Stage ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Dry Period ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Start Up ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Duration Of Pregnancy

The purpose of the research is to determine the etiopathogenesis of reproductive dysfunction in highly productive cows. For this, one group of cows was formed on the principle of paranalogs in the amount of 37 animals inseminated in the first sexual hunt after calving, followed by taking blood samples from them using the Monovet system, considering the duration of pregnancy. During the start-up period, blood was taken 1–4 days before calving and on the first day after calving. A total of 253 blood samples were examined. Subsequently, depending on the effectiveness of insemination, animals were divided into two groups. The first group included inseminated cows after the first insemination (20 animals), the second group included 17 unfertilized cows after the first insemination. Subsequently, blood was taken from animals considering the course of childbirth and the postpartum period. Blood counts were studied according to generally accepted methods using certified equipment. The study found that at an early stage of pregnancy, cows have a significant difference in lipid metabolism and in their peroxidation, in the state of antioxidant systems compared to unstable animals. In the process of pregnancy development in cows, there is a decrease in the level of total lipids and their class, and the accumulation of products of transoxidation of lipids is reduced. In animals with retention of the placenta, a low lipid metabolism and a higher level of peroxidation were established already in the dry period. After calving, this difference increases. The obtained data can be used to develop an algorithm for the prevention of postpartum complications in cows by using substances with antioxidant properties.

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Predicting chromosome damage in astronauts participating in international space station missions

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-84242-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Alan Feiveson ◽

Kerry George ◽

Mark Shavers ◽

Maria Moreno-Villanueva ◽

Ye Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

International Space Station ◽

Dose Response ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Space Station ◽

Space Radiation ◽

Blood Samples ◽

International Space ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Subject Specific

AbstractSpace radiation consists of energetic protons and other heavier ions. During the International Space Station program, chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of astronauts have been analyzed to estimate received biological doses of space radiation. More specifically, pre-flight blood samples were exposed ex vivo to varying doses of gamma rays, while post-flight blood samples were collected shortly and several months after landing. Here, in a study of 43 crew-missions, we investigated whether individual radiosensitivity, as determined by the ex vivo dose–response of the pre-flight chromosome aberration rate (CAR), contributes to the prediction of the post-flight CAR incurred from the radiation exposure during missions. Random-effects Poisson regression was used to estimate subject-specific radiosensitivities from the preflight dose–response data, which were in turn used to predict post-flight CAR and subject-specific relative biological effectiveness (RBEs) between space radiation and gamma radiation. Covariates age, gender were also considered. Results indicate that there is predictive value in background CAR as well as radiosensitivity determined preflight for explaining individual differences in post-flight CAR over and above that which could be explained by BFO dose alone. The in vivo RBE for space radiation was estimated to be approximately 3 relative to the ex vivo dose response to gamma irradiation. In addition, pre-flight radiosensitivity tended to be higher for individuals having a higher background CAR, suggesting that individuals with greater radiosensitivity can be more sensitive to other environmental stressors encountered in daily life. We also noted that both background CAR and radiosensitivity tend to increase with age, although both are highly variable. Finally, we observed no significant difference between the observed CAR shortly after mission and at > 6 months post-mission.

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Effects of Different Methods Used to Take Blood Samples on Blood Glucose Measurements

Clinical Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/10547738211024782 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105477382110247

Author(s):

Eda Ergin ◽

Ayten Zaybak

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Capillary Blood ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Measurement Results ◽

Quasi Experimental

The purpose of this study is to compare whether or not there is a difference between venous and capillary blood samples in blood glucose measurements and investigate the effects of different aseptic methods used in skin cleaning before collecting blood samples on measurement results. This quasi-experimental study was conducted with 109 patients. The capillary first and second blood drop values taken from the patients after fasting and at 2 hours following 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and capillary and venous blood glucose values were compared. There was no significant difference between the median venous blood glucose value and the capillary second blood drop value taken after wiping the finger with alcohol. There was no significant difference between the first and second blood drop values of capillary blood glucose 2 hours after OGTT.

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A new look on the morphometric characteristics of Congridae leptocephali from the southern Adriatic Sea

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315421000229 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

M. Mandić ◽

I. Leonori ◽

A. De Felice ◽

S. Gvozdenović ◽

A. Pešić

Keyword(s):

Fish Species ◽

Adriatic Sea ◽

Pelagic Fish ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Morphometric Characteristics ◽

Small Pelagic Fish ◽

Acoustic Surveys ◽

Western Side ◽

Conger Conger

Abstract Anguillid leptocephali of three Congridae species (Conger conger, Ariosoma balearicum and Gnathophis mistax) were caught as bycatch of pelagic trawls during acoustic surveys targeting small pelagic fish species in the southern Adriatic Sea, carried out under the framework of the Italian MEDIAS project (western side) and its extension in the ambit of the FAO AdriaMed project (eastern side). Results refer to the findings of Congridae leptocephali during surveys conducted in 2011, 2014, 2015 and 2016. A total of 25 specimens were caught and analysed (morphological features and pigmentation patterns). Leptocephali of Conger conger were found in the range of 8.4–13.1 cm total length (TL) (between 50 and 132 m depth), Ariosoma balearicum from 9.7–12.2 cm TL (between 50 and 128 m depth) and for Gnathophis mystax in the range from 6.4–11.7 cm TL (between 40 and 79 m depth). The results indicate that the southern Adriatic Pit could be the spawning area of these species in the Adriatic Sea. Present data represent a contribution to existing knowledge about the ecology of leptocephali from the Congridae family in the southern Adriatic Sea, and also indicate the existence of differences in morphometric parameters between different areas, that is, the possibility of the existence of new geographic lines within the genus Ariosoma in the Adriatic Sea.

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Apixaban concentration variability and relation to clinical outcomes in real-life patients with atrial fibrillation

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-93372-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Alenka Mavri ◽

Nina Vene ◽

Mojca Božič-Mijovski ◽

Marko Miklič ◽

Lisbeth Söderblom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Thromboembolic Event ◽

Real Life ◽

Individual Variability ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽

Peak Blood

AbstractIn some clinical situations, measurements of anticoagulant effect of apixaban may be needed. We investigated the inter- and intra-individual apixaban variability in patients with atrial fibrillation and correlated these results with clinical outcome. We included 62 patients receiving either 5 mg (A5, n = 32) or 2.5 mg (A2.5, n = 30) apixaban twice-daily. We collected three trough and three peak blood samples 6–8 weeks apart. Apixaban concentration was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass-spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) and by anti-Xa. Patients on A2.5 were older, had lower creatinine clearance, higher CHA2DS2VASc (4.7 ± 1.0 vs. 3.4 ± 1.7) and lower trough (85 ± 39 vs. 117 ± 53 ng/mL) and peak (170 ± 56 vs. 256 ± 91 ng/mL) apixaban concentrations than patients on A5 (all p < 0.01). In patients on A5, LC–MS/MS showed a significant difference between through levels and between peak levels (p < 0.01). During apixaban treatment, 21 patients suffered bleeding (2 major). There was no association between bleeding and apixaban concentrations or variability. Four patients who suffered thromboembolic event had lower peak apixaban concentrations than patients without it (159 ± 13 vs. 238 ± 88 ng/mL, p = 0.05). We concluded, that there was a significant intra- and inter-individual variability in apixaban trough and peak concentrations. Neither variability nor apixaban concentrations were associated with clinical outcomes.

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