Abstract
Purpose: Colorectal micropapillary carcinoma (MPC) exhibits aggressive biological characteristics, with empty spaces and reversed polarity, similar to the poorly differentiated clusters (PDCs) formed from detached cancer cells. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition, which is involved in the cancer cell acquisition of apoptosis resistance, is closely linked with histological findings of MPC, PDCs, and tumor buds (TBs), with MPC and TBs considered as apoptosis-resistant features. However, we encountered a case of colonic MPC with frequent apoptosis.Methods: We examined the case using immunohistochemistry and compared it with two cases of conventional colonic cancer with high PDC and TB presence.Results: In many of the tumor glands (TGs) of the MPC, empty spaces and tumor cell detachment toward the gland interior were observed. Moreover, TG ruptures were scattered, with PDCs adjacent to them. Apoptosis occurred mainly at the TG and PDC peripheries in the middle and deep tumor layers, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) positivity was evident in those tumor cells. Cells positive for apoptosis-related M30 were distributed mainly in the deep layer with a significant PDC and TB presence. However, apoptosis and M30 positivity were low in the TBs. In the control cases, apoptosis hardly occurred. Furthermore, M30 positivity in the TGs was scattered and barely evident in the PDCs. Aberrant β-catenin positivity was found. In MPC, non-tumorous bud components, especially those in the deep layer, had poor abilities to promptly acquire apoptosis resistance. Conclusion: Apoptosis has the potential to reciprocally produce MPC, PDCs, and TBs, with TGF-β1 involvement.