Acute Appendicitis in Pre-School Children

Background: Appendicitis is an emergent condition in young children which can cause serious illness. Aim: To identify features related with appendicitis in pre-school children. Study design: Retrospective study Place and duration of study: Department of Paediatric Surgery, Bolan Medical College Hospital Quetta from 1st April 2020 to 31st March 2021. Methodology: Fifty two children between 5-15 years were admitted for appendectomy. All demographic and clinical information including earlier diagnosis, symptoms, biochemical, histopathological as well as radiological imaging were properly documented. The operational technique was open appendecectomy. Results: There were 61.53% boys and 38.46% girls with mean age 8±0.8 years. Abdominal pain was presented in 90.3% while nausea in 82.7% with nausea/vomiting children. There were 51.9% children having perforated appendix with majority between 8-10 years of age. Misdiagnosis was common in 44.2% patients. Conclusion: Appendicitis in pre-school children is difficult and challenging to diagnose which requires careful diagnosis. Key words: Appendectomy, Pre-schoolers, Perforated, Misdiagnosis

An Experimentally Aided Operational Virtual Prototyping to Obtain the Best Spindle Speed during Face Milling of Large-Size Structures

The paper presents an original method concerning the problem of vibration reduction in the general case while milling large-size and geometrically complex details with the use of an innovative approach to the selection of spindle speed. A computational model is obtained by applying the so-called operational approach to identify the parameters of the workpiece modal model. Thanks to the experimental modal analysis results, modal subsystem identification was performed and reliable process data for simulation studies were obtained. Next, simulations of the milling process, for successive values of the spindle speed, are repeated until the best vibration state of the workpiece is obtained. For this purpose, the root mean square values of the time plots of vibration displacements are examined. The effectiveness of the approach proposed for reducing vibrations in the process of face milling is verified on the basis of the results of appropriate experimental investigations. The economic profitability of the implementation of the operational technique in the production practice of enterprises dealing with mechanical processing is demonstrated as well.

The Operational Technique of Increasing Service Life Time of the Major Components of the Fighter Aircraft Engine Rotors

The operational technique for the major components of the fighter aircraft engine rotors has been introduced basing on the real conditions of their cyclic loading in each flight or ground test and a priori information on their previous operation. It has been confirmed that the obtained technical solutions not only conform to the current methods of accounting for the depletion of the life cycle of the Afterburning Turbofan Engine (ATE) but also introduce additional opportunities to consider individual characteristics and conditions of their cyclic loading throughout the overall operating time. A method for estimating the depletion of the life cycle in accordance with the Total Accumulated Cycle (TAC) has been proposed. It allows us to compare the actual operating time of the ATE in hours and the accumulated value of cyclic damage to the engine and its major components (within the TAC parameter) during the previous operation.

OPERATIONAL OF SOLID WASTE HANDLING IN SUBANG DISTRICT

The operational technique of waste management in Subang Regency uses simulations in the form of three scenarios, namely scenario-1 is a scenario that has been running so far (existing), in which recycling activities have not yet developed, so it is practically only a collection-transport-disposal system. a better scenario than Scenario-1, in which there are already recycling activities in the TPA, both in the formal and informal sectors (scavenging) and Based on the projections for each scenario above, it is found that Scenario-3 is a moderate scenario, because: the volume of waste transportation to the landfill is the minimum, the volume of waste that must be removed to the landfill is also the minimum which automatically has the minimum volume of landfill among the 3 (three) proposed scenarios. This scenario makes the transportation system efficient, but requires a larger investment to facilitate facilities and infrastructure. However, this is not the case in Scenario-1, in this scenario, the budget required for the procurement of facilities and infrastructure is relatively lighter than the needs in the other two scenarios.

Entropy-Based Characterization of the Transient Phenomena—Systemic Approach

The difficulties of predictive maintenance of power grids are related to the large spread of electrical infrastructures and the definition of early warning indicators. Such indicator is the partial discharge activities—which can be very informative about the rising insulation problems of electrical materials. However, the detection and the localization of the partial discharges are very complicate tasks and are currently subject to intensive studies in both theoretical and practical domains. The traditional way to approach the global surveillance of partial discharge sources is to first detect it and the second is to attempt to localize their positions. Despite the numerous proposed approaches, based on advanced transient signal processing tools, there is no any operational technique to efficiently asses the partial discharge sources in a real power network. In this context, our paper proposes a new approach based on the global evaluation of entropy of transient phenomena detected in a power network, without needing any localization of the sources of these phenomena. We will show that this approach provides an effective evaluation of partial discharges sources. Moreover, since the technique requires a reduced number of sensors, it is very advantageous to use in real contexts.

Depicting Epistemological Obstacles in Understanding the Concept of Sequence and Series

This study aimed to discover epistemological obstacle on secondary students to solve sequence and series problems based on three indicators, there are a conceptual obstacle, procedural obstacle, and operational technique obstacle. This study was descriptive with qualitative research approaches. Data were collected with the test and interview method. The subjects in this study are students of SMP Negeri 86 Jakarta class VIII based on the errors seen from the diagnostic tests that had been tested. The analysis was done by giving written tests which are essay and interview formatted. Results on analysis showed that: (1) Conceptual obstacle, obstacle that was experienced by students are: students considered that a pattern was said as a numeral pattern because they own odd numeral pattern and own 2,2,2 of difference; were not able to find exact pattern within the problem; considering that Fibonacci numeral sequence was a pattern that form prime numeral pattern; were not able to differ the concept of arithmetics and geometry sequence; were not able to understand the concept of first quarter on arithmetics sequence; error when interpreted the meaning of problems; were not able to intepret what was given on mathematics model; interpreting sum of the first 20 quarters with sequences which own the 20th quarter; and interpreting sum of the first 20 quarters with the 20th quarter; (2) While on procedural obstacle, obstacle that was experienced are: interpreting numeral pattern if they own their pair; error on determining multiplication or difference; and applying formulas incorrectly; (3) Last on operasional technique obstacle, obstacle that was experienced are error on calculation and using sign and symbol mathematics incorrectly.

Construction of a new family of Fubini-type polynomials and its applications

This paper gives an overview of systematic and analytic approach of operational technique involves to study multi-variable special functions significant in both mathematical and applied framework and to introduce new families of special polynomials. Motivation of this paper is to construct a new class of generalized Fubini-type polynomials of the parametric kind via operational view point. The generating functions, differential equations, and other properties for these polynomials are established within the context of the monomiality principle. Using the generating functions, various interesting identities and relations related to the generalized Fubini-type polynomials are derived. Further, we obtain certain partial derivative formulas including the generalized Fubini-type polynomials. In addition, certain members belonging to the aforementioned general class of polynomials are considered. The numerical results to calculate the zeros and approximate solutions of these polynomials are given and their graphical representation are shown.

Improving the performance of a medical imaging center through simulation and fuzzy DEA

Given that various operational methods can be considered for a system, applying changes to study the results and determine the best operational technique is costly and disrupts the system. Thus, to analyze and evaluate the outcomes of employing different operational methods, simulation is utilized. In this study, to improve the performance of a medical imaging center (MIC), first, this center was simulated and then, different scenarios were defined and simulated. Subsequently, using the simulation results and for evaluating the scenarios through Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), each scenario was considered as a decision making unit (DMU). Since simulation results of each scenario are uncertain and differ for different iterations, a method was utilized capable of using the results of all iterations. On the other hand, indexes such as satisfaction, patient’s appropriate waiting, helpful servicing with the least number nurses and the maximum number services that have fuzzy nature, are important factors for MIC. Therefore, using the simulation results and considering the system manager’s idea, a method was proposed for determining the fuzzy values of these indexes. Next, a ranking model and an algorithm were proposed for determining a unique ranking and introducing the best scenario to improve the performance of MIC.

IMPLEMENTASI TUGAS DAN WEWENANG MAJELIS RAKYAT PAPUA MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 21 TAHUN 2001 TENTANG OTONOMI KHUSUS PAPUA

This research intended to know the implementation of task and obligation of MRP obediently to the mandate of the law Number 21 of 2001 on Special Autonomy for Papua Province. This research did intended to know the protection of MRP to the basic righs of Papua indigenous, and the factors that influence the MRP in carrying out its duties and authority.This research was conducted by tracing the regulation and various literatures that has relation to this writing and interview with some source person of gaining input in order to perfecting this thesis writing.In order to implement special autonomy in Papua, it was formed MRP that is a the cultural representative of Papua indigenous, that has certain authority in the pace of protecting the Papua indigenous’ right, underlying to the esteem to the esteem to the custom and culture, female outsourcing, and the consolidation of religious life concordance. The results of this research showed that : 1) The implementation of the tasks and obligation of the MRP have not been conducted conseguently and consistently. The result, MRP has not fully give protection to the basic right of Papua indegenous. 2) the slowness of Provincial Government and DPRP in forming special regional regulation that rule on operational technique of the implementation of task and obligation of MRP and some duties and autorities of MRP that is amended in the article 20 paragraph (1) in Law Number 21 of 2001 on Special Autonomy to Papua Province, there are only (2) that could be implemented,i.e. the consideration and approval toward the candidate of Governor and Vice Governor nominees that was proposed by DPRP, and consideration and approval of MRP to the special regional regulation that was formed by Governor along with DPRP.Keywords: Special Autonomy, Papua Society Council (MRP), Right Of Papua Indigeous.AbstrakPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui impelmentasi tugas dan wewenang MRP sesuai amanat Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2001 Tentang Otonomi Khusus bagi Provinsi Papua. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan mengetahui perlindungan MRP terhadap hak-hak dasar orang asli Papua. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi MRP dalam melaksanakan tugas dan wewenangnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara menelusuri peraturan perundang-undangan dan berbagai literature yang ada kaitannya dengan penulisan tesis ini, dan wawancara dengan beberapa narasumber untuk mendapatkan masukan guna penyempurnaan penulisan tesis ini.Dalam rangka penyelenggaraan otonomi khusus di Papua dibentuk Majelis Rakyat Papua yang merupakan representasi kultural orang asli Papua, yang memiliki wewenang pada penghormatan terhadap adat dan budaya,pemberdayaan perempuan,dan pemantapan kerukunan hidup beragama.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa : 1) Implementasi tugas dan wewenang MRP belum dapat dilaksanakan secara konsekuen dan konsisten. Akibatnya MRP belum sepenuhnya memberikan perlindungan terhadap hak-hak dasar orang asli Papua.2) lambatnya Pemerintah Provinsi dan DPRP membentuk perdasus yang mengatur teknis operasional dalam pelaksanaan tugas dan wewenang MRP yang diamanatkan pada pasal 20 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2001 tentang Otonomi Khusus Bagi Provinsi Papua, ayat (2) yang dapat dilaksanakan yaitu pertimbangan dan persetujuan terhadap bakal calon Gubernur dan Wakil Gubernur yang diusulkan oleh DPRP, dan pertimbangan dan persetujuan MRP terhadap perdasus yang dibentuk oleh Gubernur bersama DPRP.Kata Kunci : Otonomi Khusus , Majelis Rakyat Papua, Hak-hak Orang Asli Papua.

Recent Development in International Treaties Relating to Aviation: New Standardization of International Air Law

Globalization is identified with the development of treaties into national domain law. Initially, such treaties did not appear as legal regulations but as standard/harmonized-setting for member states. Since the establishment of Chicago Convention on Civil Aviation, 1944, treaties on aviation keep developing well both on the aviation operational technique and economic aspect. Those treaties nowadays have turned into the source of international aviation law. Treaty has been one of the bases of domestic law for almost nations in the world. As a result, the global requirements need to be adjusted into national law of states. States are bound both legally and politically to verdicts of International organizations. The process of regulation and decision making in International organizations should be based on democratic procedures of member states either in the construction of final draft or in negotiation and arrangement of regulation or resolution drafts. Specifically, this article discusses recent development of international treaties relating to aviation from both operational and economic aspects. Following Assembly 39th Session, ICAO, member states of ICAO, including Indonesia, made several multilateral agreements. The ratification of International treaties should consider the effects on legal, political, and security aspects. For Indonesia, one of the aspects that should never be neglected is strategic airspace, both geographically and geopolitically.