MODELLING OF TERMINILOGICAL FIELD “ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRONMENT DESIGN”: LOGICAL AND CONCEPTUAL ASPECT

Введение. С появлением новой специальности «Дизайн архитектурной среды» в вузах возникла необходимость в систематизации терминологического аппарата данной предметной области. Целью исследования является построение логико-понятийной модели терминологического поля «Дизайн интерьера» как компонента терминологического макрополя «Дизайн архитектурной среды». Материал и методы. Материалом для изучения послужили архитектурно-дизайнерские термины (более 620 номинаций), почерпнутые из учебно-научной литературы, лексикографических источников, профессиональной интернет-коммуникации, электронных журналов, сайтов студий дизайна и дизайнерских интернет-магазинов, данные Национального корпуса русского языка. Используются описательный и сравнительно-сопоставительный методы лингвистического исследования, приемы моделирования, дефиниционного и компонентного анализов. Результаты и обсуждение. Представлена краткая история вопроса и трактовка терминологического поля, принятая в работе «Терминополе – это унифицированная на системном основании многоуровневая классификационная структура, объединяющая термины сферы однородной профессиональной деятельности» (Л. А. Морозова). Под логико-понятийной моделью терминополя «Дизайн интерьера» понимается модельный конструкт системы взаимосвязанных понятий, группирующихся вокруг центрального понятия сферы дизайна интерьера на основе классификации понятий. Понятийный (логико-понятийный, тематический) аспект анализа терминосистемы с целью выявления ее границ и иерархической организации связан преимущественно с ономасиологическим подходом, и в этом случае терминологическое поле призвано отразить сферу специального употребления данной области знания. В результате анализа текстов профессиональной направленности определены границы терминологического макрополя «Дизайн архитектурной среды», состоящего из терминологических полей «Дизайн интерьера» и «Дизайн открытого архитектурного пространства». Сформирован корпус профессиональной лексики, входящей в терминологическое поле «Дизайн интерьера», осуществлено ее дефинирование и систематизация. Заключение. Выявлена многоуровневая разветвленная иерархическая организация терминологического поля «Дизайн интерьера», состоящая из двух субполей: «Дизайн жилых интерьеров» и «Дизайн общественных интерьеров», которые делятся на терминологические микрополя, тематические группы, подгруппы и микрогруппы (11 группировок терминов разных уровней). Таким образом построена понятийная модель терминологического поля «Дизайн интерьера», являющегося фрагментом терминологического макрополя «Дизайн архитектурной среды». Результаты работы представляют интерес для лингвистов, специалистов в области дизайна архитектурной среды, а также студентов специальности «Дизайн архитектурной среды». Introduction. The appearance of a new specialty “Architectural environment design” in universities made it necessary to systematize the terminological apparatus of this field. The purpose of this article is to create a logical and conceptual model of the terminological field “Interior Design” as a component of the terminological macro field “Architectural environment design”. Material and methods. The material for the study is architectural and design terms (more than 620 categories), taken from the academic and research literature, lexicographical sources, professional Internet communication, electronic journals, websites of design studios and design webstores, data from the National Corpus of the Russian Language. The descriptive and the comparative methods of linguistic research, techniques of modeling, definition and component analysis are used in the paper. Results and discussion. A brief background of the issue and the interpretation of terminological field adopted in the work is presented: “Terminological field is a systemically standardized multi-level classification structure that combines the terms of the sphere of homogeneous professional activity” (L.A. Morozova). The logical-conceptual model of the terminological field “Interior design” is a model construction of a system of interrelated concepts classified around the central concept of the sphere of interior design based on the classification of concepts. In order to identify the boundaries and hierarchical organization of the term system the conceptual (logical-conceptual, thematic) aspect of the analysis of it is mainly associated with the onomasiological approach, and in this case the terminological field is intended to reflect the scope of special use of this field of knowledge. As a result of the analysis of professional texts, the boundaries of the terminological macro field “Architectural environment design”, consisted of the terminological fields “Interior design” and “Open architectural space design”, are determined. The framework of professional vocabulary included in the terminological field “Interior Design” is formed, its definition and systematization are carried out. Conclusion. The multi-level branched hierarchical organization of the terminological field “Interior design”, consisting of two subfields (“Residential interior design” and “Public interior design”) is revealed, the subfields are divided into terminological microfields, thematic groups, thematic subgroups and thematic microgroups (11 term groupings of different levels). Thus, the conceptual model of the terminological field “Interior design”, which is a fragment of the terminological macro field “Architectural environment design”, is constructed. The results of the work are relevant to linguists, specialists in the field of architectural environment design, as well as students of the specialty “Architectural environment design”.

PROFESSIONAL MOBILITY OF A FUTURE SPECIALIST IN THE STRUCTURE OF READINESS FOR ACTIVITY IN SPECIALTY: ESSENTIAL AND CONCEPTUAL ASPECT

The article presents an analysis and generalization of approaches to the essence and content of professional mobility of future specialists. It is concluded that professional mobility is directly interrelated with readiness to work in the specialty, since these two concepts have common elements in the structure, in particular professional knowledge, abilities, skills and professionally important qualities. Taking into account the results of the analysis of research related to the problem of professional mobility, it was found out that this concept can be defined as readiness and ability to work in the context of transformation of professional (production, service) tasks, development of new specialties or changing them. Professional mobility covers the ability to successfully switch to another activity or change types of activities, effectively use the system of generalized professional techniques to perform any tasks in the professional sphere, and it is relatively easy to move from one type of activity to another. For professional mobility, it is important to have a high level of generalized professional knowledge, experience in improving them and obtaining them independently. The results of the review of publications on the research topic suggest that there are two types of mobility – horizontal and vertical. Horizontal mobility involves the transition of an individual or social object from one social position to another, which is at the same level, as well as a change of place of residence. As for vertical mobility, it involves the transition of an individual or social object from one social position to another. It was found out that mobility is an integrative property that is formed and developed during practical, educational, social, socio-cultural activities of a person and provides him or her with the opportunity to realize one’s inclinations, abilities, opportunities.

Development of Entrepreneurial University in the Conditions of Higher Education Modernization

The article analyzes in the conceptual aspect the innovative activity of higher school in Kazakhstan in the context of transition to the entrepreneurial university. The necessity of implementing the concept of the entrepreneurial university in the higher education system of Kazakhstan is shown in order to develop the knowledge economy and increase the efficiency of innovative activities. The article dwells on the risks and controversial situations associated with transformation of traditional universities into new generation universities. Recommendations are given on introducing a new generation university model as a system-forming factor in the development of higher education. The need for introducing entrepreneurial culture into the educational practice of higher school has been substantiated. The authors consider the prerequisites for the formation of entrepreneurial universities in the conditions of modernization of the Kazakhstani economy.

Small States in the United Nations Security Council: Legal and Conceptual Aspects versus Practical Perspective

The article focuses on the prospects for work conducted by small states in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) and examines two aspects which frame the work of small states in the UNSC – the legal aspect (institutional and procedural) and the conceptual aspect (the concept of small states), comparing them with the work and achievements of small states in praxis. The aim of the article is to provide qualitative and comparative analysis of small states’ work in the UNSC, to outline legal and political interpretation of their activities and to compare legal and conceptual framework with the practical perspective. The research is designed to be relevant for Latvia in the context of its candidature for a non-permanent seat of the UNSC at the elections in 2025, and it analyses cases of Lithuania’s and Estonia’s membership. The author of the article argues that despite the minimal role provided for the small states in the UNSC by international law and the theoretical concept, cases of Lithuania and Estonia show that the practical perspective proves a much higher capability, influence and ability of small states to profile themselves actively within the global agenda while at the same time remaining in the aforementioned legal and conceptual boundaries. This can happen under circumstances where there are minor systemic challengers, lack of triggers for security of small states, and overlapping of the international security agenda and their field of expertise. Keywords: United Nations, Security Council, small states, the Baltic States.

Prospective Teachers’ Knowledge of Evaluating Student Errors on Area Conservation Task

The data of conjecturing student errors were analyzed by focusing on possible errors of triangle area on a conservation task, while PSTs’ responses of student errors were scrutinized using four strands: mathematical focus, pedagogical action, form of address, and degree of student error use. Results revealed that while PSTs tend to identify as well as interpret the existence of mathematical errors from the conceptual aspect on triangles with the same sizes of height and base, few PSTs could evaluate student errors employing the formal structure of area conservation concept on triangles with the different sizes of height and base. Regarding PST’s responses, PSTs tend to agree with facilitating students to investigate the congruence of base and height of triangles in constructing the concept of triangle area measurement. However, they preferred to choose pedagogical action by reexplaining the main feature of the task solution instead of using student errors as a tool to probe student thinking or provide cognitive conflicts. Furthermore, most of the PST also don’t use student errors as a tool to reconstruct a whole lesson indicating learning trajectory on area conservation concepts, but as a steppingstone to correct subsequent errors.

The Effect Of Debt-Based Financing And Equity-Based Financing On Islamic Banks Profitability In Indonesia

This study's main objective is to investigate equity-based financing and debt-based financing of the profitability of Islamic banking in Indonesia. This research is expected to contribute to the theoretical and practical dimensions. On the conceptual aspect, this study can provide evidence of whether equity-based financing and debt-based financing affect the profitability of Islamic banking. While on the practical dimension, Islamic banks in Indonesia can determine the extent of their profitability and, in turn, the competitiveness of Islamic banks to enable it to be developed in line or even better than conventional banks. The data analysis technique uses panel data regression, which is time series data and cross-section. Next, to estimate the panel data model, which is divided into three, namely: common effect, fixed effect, and random effect. The result of this study that partially equity-based financing does not affect ROE. At the same time, debt-based financing influences the ROE of Islamic banks. Partially equity-based financing and debt-based financing do not affect ROA of Islamic banks. However, it simultaneously shows that the independent variable test results, namely equity-based financing and debt-based financing, have a strong influence on the dependent variable, namely, profitability as measured by ROA and ROE.

الوساطة القضائية في القضايا الأسرية في ماليزيا: تحديات التطبيق، وآفاق التطوير (Judicial Mediation in Family Issues in Malaysia: Implementation Challenges and Development Prospects)

تهدف هذه الورقة إلى بحث موضوع الوساطة القضائية في القضايا الأسرية في ماليزية من خلال فحص تحديات التطبيق في السلطة القضائية الماليزية، وآفاق تطوير هذه الوساطة لتضطلع بمهامها على أكمل وجه. وإشكالية الورقة المحورية هي بحث مدى شمولية وفاعلية القوانين المنظمة للوساطة القضائية في القضايا الأسرية في دولة ماليزيا، ومدى إمكانية استفادتها من التطبيقات المعاصرة لاسيما في الدولة القضائية. ولبحث هذه الإشكالية تناولت الورقة الجانب المفاهيمي من خلال تعريف الوساطة القضائية والألفاظ ذات الصلة بها لاسيما لفظ الصلح. ثم تناولت أبرز تحديات التطبيق التي تتوزع على تحديات التأطير القانوني، وتحديات تأهيل رأس المال البشري ولا سيما الوسيط القضائي، وتحديات ضبط الجوانب الإجرائية وتطويرها. وبحثت بعدها آفاق التطوير معتمدة من خلال الاستفادة من تجارب الدول الغربية والدول الإسلامية. وختمت الدراسة بتقديم مجموعة من الاقتراحات والتوصيات لتطوير هذه الوساطة والارتقاء بها لخدمة الأسرة والمحافظة على نسيجها في ماليزيا وغيرها من الدول الإسلامية من أهمها: تطوير مستوى وعي المجتمع المسلم بأهمية الوساطة ودورها في حل النزاعات ولا سيما المتعلقة بالقضايا الزوجية، واضطلاع القائمين على شؤون القضاء الشرعي يبذل قصارى جهدهم لتطوير آليات الصلح والاستفادة من آخر ما وصلت إليه ابتكارات الوساطة وتقنياتها لتفعليها في القضاء الشرعي الأسري، وتأهيل القائمين على الوساطة في قضايا الأسرة ولا سيما المكلفين بالصلح في المحكمة الشرعية من خلال تدريبهم وتمكينهم من أحدث الابتكارات والمهارات في مجال الوساطة لينتقل عملهم من حيث المهنية والنجاعة نقلة نوعية تسهم في التقليل من النزاعات بين الخصوم، وتحقق صلحا أكثر استدامة مما يحققه الصلح أو الحكم، وتوحيد ممارسة الوساطة على مستوى الولايات من خلال توحيد الشروط التأهيلية والإجراءات التنفيذية، وهو ما يضمن ممارسة موحدة منضبطة في كل الولايات الماليزية ومن ثم يحقق الانضباط والفعالية. الكلمات المفتاحية: الوساطة القضائية، قانون الأسرة، المحكمة الشرعية، السلطات القضائية، الدول الإسلامية. Abstract This paper aims to discuss the issue of judicial mediation in family issues in Malaysian by examining the challenges of its implementation in the Malaysian judiciary applications and proposing the prospects for developing this mediation to reach its optimum implementation. The problem of the paper is to examine the extent of the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of laws regulating judicial mediation in family issues in Malaysia, and the extent to which they can benefit from contemporary applications, especially from advance judiciary system. In order to discuss this problem, the paper examines the conceptual aspect through defining judicial mediation and its related terms, such as the term of Sulh and tahkim. Then it addresses the most pressing practical challenges that include the challenges of legal frameworks, the challenges of qualifying human capital, and the procedural challenges. the paper then explore the prospects for the development approved by benefiting from the experiences of Western countries and Islamic countries. The study concluded with a set of suggestions and recommendations for developing this mediation and upgrading it to serve the family and maintain its fabric in Malaysia and other Islamic countries. Among the most important: enhancing the level of awareness of the Muslim community about the importance of mediation and its role in resolving disputes, especially those related to marital issues, the development of reconciliation mechanisms by benefiting from the latest developments in mediation innovations and techniques to implement it in the family Sharia judiciary, enhancing the level of proficiency of mediators In family issues, especially those in charge of conciliation in the Sharia court through training and enabling them of the latest innovations and skills in the field of mediation so that their work improves in terms of professionalism and efficiency, and unifying the mediation practices at the state level through unifying qualifying conditions and executive procedures, which ensures a unified and disciplined practice in all Malaysian states, thus achieving discipline and effectiveness. Keywords: Judiciary mediation, Family law, Shariah court, Judiciary systems, Muslim countries.

Management of Efficiency of Product Innovations in Machine-building Branch

The article is devoted to the study of the reasons for low efficiency of innovative activity of Ukrainian machine-building enterprises, as well as to the improvement of organizational aspects of this process. Specific aspects of the innovation process that have a direct impact on the effectiveness of scientific and technical innovations are identified. Innovation management involves determining the algorithm for the phased implementation of innovative measures with clear consideration at all stages of such specific aspects of the innovation process: conceptual aspect (understanding of current trends in scientific and technological progress, as well as assessment of product innovation from the point of view of the manufacturer and consumer); strategic aspect and goal orientation; organizational aspect (effective management, availability of qualified specialists, flexible organizational management structure); time aspect (strict control over the cycle of creation and development of new products); cost (resource) aspect (achieving economic effect from the commercial implementation of innovations, justification of the decision on the source of innovation: the acquisition of a license or own development); methodological aspect (application of effective methodological approaches, systematic interaction of specialists in the field of pre-project research and design, relevant calculations and justifications). Particular attention is paid to the method of effective interaction of marketing and design professionals in order to form a system of optimal technical and economic indicators of future innovation. The statement to the designer of the project task, which is based on the consensus of market and scientific and technical interests, should be the basis of such interaction. It is proposed to make appropriate changes and additions to existing regulations governing the procedure for research and development.