FACTORS ANALYSIS OF FAILURE IN ONLINE BUSINESS ON BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION STUDENTS

The study aims to determine the factors that influenced the failure of online businesses run by Business Administration students from the class of 2017-2018, along with the most dominant element that caused the business to take a knock. The research was done using the descriptive qualitative method. The data collection process was in the form of in-depth observation and interviews with 12 sources who had failed to do business online. The data analysis technique used in this study is the Miles and Huberman model. The result shows that 14 factors caused the failure of online businesses run by Business Administration students from the class of 2017-2018, which are managerial incompetence, the lack of experience and skill, financial problems, business planning, wrong target market, business transition, inability to control stock, uncontrolled growth, location, marketing management, high product cost, poor management, consistency, and time management. The most dominant ones were business planning, managerial incompetence, and lack of experience and skill.

Genetic background impacts the timing of synaptonemal complex breakdown in Drosophila melanogaster

Experiments performed in different genetic backgrounds occasionally exhibit failure in experimental reproducibility. This is a serious issue in Drosophila where there are no standard control stocks. Here, we illustrate the importance of controlling genetic background by showing that the timing of a major meiotic event, the breakdown of the synaptonemal complex (SC), varies in different genetic backgrounds. We assessed SC breakdown in three different control stocks and found that in one control stock, y w; svspa-pol, the SC broke down earlier than in Oregon-R and w1118 stocks. We further examined SC breakdown in these three control backgrounds with flies heterozygous for a null mutation in c(3)G, which encodes a key structural component of the SC. Flies heterozygous for c(3)G displayed differences in the timing of SC breakdown in different control backgrounds, providing evidence of a sensitizing effect of this mutation. These observations suggest that SC maintenance is associated with the dosage of c(3)G in some backgrounds. Lastly, chromosome segregation was not affected by premature SC breakdown in mid-prophase, consistent with previous findings that chromosome segregation is not dependent on full-length SC in mid-prophase. Thus, genetic background is an important variable to consider with respect to SC behavior during Drosophila meiosis.

POST-FIRE SUCCESSION IN A FOREST-BOG COMPLEXES

The article is devoted to the study of post-pyrogenic successional changes of plant matter in the forest-mire complexes in the eastern branches of the Great Vasyugan Mire. The aim of the study was to obtain and analyze the data characterizing the post-fire dynamics of plant matter for an objective environmental assessment of the current state of forest-mire landscapes. The objects of the study were ryam communities situated between the Iksa and Bakchar rivers of the Tomsk Region and characterized by varying degrees of post-fire disturbance, which were exposed to catastrophic pyrogenic impact. Studies on the dynamics of vegetation community and plant matter at sites with varying degree of peat fire intensity were carried out for ten years. At sites with a low fire intensity, the degree of disturbance of vegetation cover was 40 – 50 %. At a mire which was exposed to the pyrogenic influence of a moderate degree, small islands with individual specimens of shrubs (Ericaceae) and small islands of Sphagnum mosses have been preserved. Mire ecosystems that have undergone a fire of the greatest intensity, are represented by burned to mineral soil depressions with islands of burnt peat. After ten years of succession in the most disturbed mire ecosystems, the percentage ratio of the above-ground phytomass to that in control sites varied within 10 % of the control phytomass. The amount of live below-ground plant matter increased very slowly, and by the tenth year of recovery, it was only 3.5 % of the stock of control underground living phytomass. The living plant matter stock at sites with moderate fire disturbance was 50 % of the control stock both in above-ground and below-ground areas. At sites of low fire intensity by the tenth year of succession, the amount of live plant matter ranged from 70–80 % of the above-ground control phytomass, and as for below-ground phytomass, the amount of living roots and rhizomes exceeded the control ones by 11 %.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Produksi dan Persediaan UMKM

The large contribution of MSMEs is as a driver of the nation's economy which is proven to be resistant to various shocks to the economic crisis. In operational records, MSMEs still use manual systems and there are even those that are not recorded properly. Even in the production process that functions to determine the cost of production and production control also still using manual methods. So that a computerized system is needed in the production process that can automatically calculate the cost of production, control the production and inventory stock. Based on testing and analysis, it can be proven that the applications built are very helpful to MSMEs, especially in the production process because data processing can be done quickly and accurately. With the computerized application system produced, it can monitor production results and control stock items.So that it can minimize the accumulation of goods stock production and the occurrence of empty stock for a long time. With this application system can also help MSMEs in determining the cost of production automatically.

Pengaruh Internal Control, Volatilitas Saham, dan Volume Perdagangan Terhadap Bid-Ask Spread Pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar dalam Indeks LQ45 Tahun 2011-2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of internal control, stock volatility, and trading volume on bid-ask spread of companies listed in LQ45 index in the period of 2011 to 2015. Dependent variable used in this study is bid-ask spread, while independent variables used in this study are internal control, stock volatility, and trading volume. By using purposive sampling method, from 45 companies listed in LQ45 index, 16 companies are choosed as the sample in this study. The type of data used in this study is secondary data which are annual report and ICamel. Data is analyzed by statistical analysis using a multiple regression analysis. Then data is processed by statistical package for social science (SPSS) 20. The results of this study show that internal control, stock volatility, and trading volume have simultaneously effect on bid-ask spread. Internal control and stock volatility have significant positive on bid-ask spread, while trading volume have significant negative on bid-ask spread. Keywords. internal control; stock volatility; trading volume; spread bid-ask. AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh pengendalian internal, volatilitas saham, dan volume perdagangan terhadap bid-ask spread perusahaan yang terdaftar dalam indeks LQ45 pada periode 2011 hingga 2015. Variabel dependen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bid-ask spread , sedangkan variabel independen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengendalian internal, volatilitas saham, dan volume perdagangan. Dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, dari 45 perusahaan yang terdaftar dalam indeks LQ45, 16 perusahaan dipilih sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yaitu laporan tahunan dan ICamel. Data dianalisis dengan analisis statistik menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Kemudian data diproses oleh paket statistik untuk ilmu sosial (SPSS) 20. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kontrol internal, volatilitas saham, dan volume perdagangan secara simultan berpengaruh pada bid-ask spread. Kontrol internal dan volatilitas saham berpengaruh positif signifikan pada bid-ask spread, sedangkan volume perdagangan memiliki negatif signifikan pada spread bid-ask. Kata kunci. pengendalian internal; volatilitas saham; volume perdagangan; spread bid-ask.

Forecasting and Controlling the Food Supply System in Hospital Using Exponential Smoothing

The satisfaction of patient care is an indicator of good performance in hospitals, one of which plays a critical role is a logistic serving of food. With the fluctuating number of patients, the hospital should be able to meet the demand for the number of patients each day. This study aims to build the system of forecasting and controlling the food supplies to determine the number of servings of food supplies in the next period. The implementation of Exponential Smoothing method is used to predict the number of servings should be available for the next period. Amount of food raw material is controlled using re-orders point model, it aims to anticipate the occurrence of stockout with the minimum amount of food provides should be available. The data were obtained from the requested amount of food during 212 days for three times, morning, noon, and night. Forecasting values using alpha parameters 0.3 and 0.7 with a minimum forecasting error calculation using MAPE for alpha 0.7 with a value 12.81% for morning time, 11.59% during the day, and 10.96% night time. Forecasting result not only can be used to allocate food supplies but also to control stock of raw material food.

AN ATTEMPT TOWARDS A MODEL APPROACH TO THE TOTAL COST OF STOCK REPLENISHMENT, MAINTENANCE, DEFICIT AND EXCESS

It is commonly assumed that random variability of demand in a stock replenishment cycle must be taken into account primarily from the perspective of service level (availability). It is related to the probability of occurrence of demand which is larger than assumed. In certain cases, however, the risk of occurrence of demand which is lower than assumed may be of significance. It leads to temporary stock excess causing specific consequences, including the ones pertaining to costs. The premise for discussing the subject was the fact that in presently applied models of costs related to stock renewal, the costs of stock deficit are taken into account in the first place, alongside stock replenishment and maintenance costs. They are calculated on the basis of dependencies defining the stock deficit occurrence probability in a replenishment cycle or expected stock deficit amount in a given cycle. The amounts depend on the parameters which control stock replenishment, and on the type of demand distribution. However, attention should be drawn to that fact that random variability of demand in a stock replenishment cycle is linked to the probability of occurrence of both higher and lower demand volumes. In the first case, there is a risk that a stock deficit might occur, which – as it has been indicated above – it is commonly taken into account. It is related to the notion of services level measured with stock availability. The second possibility (demand lower than expected) may, however, bring specific organisational and financial consequences. The article discusses them and presents a cost model comprehensively covering stock replenishment, maintenance, deficit and excess costs.

An application of a Chartered Institute of Management Accounting strategy on stock control: a case of the South African municipality

The aim of the study is to demonstrate how best a municipal stock control can be applied in conformity with strategic requirements of the Chartered Institute of Management Accounting (CIMA). A quantitative research method was applied. The questionnaire was formulated based on information obtained from the literature, and was distributed to only one KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) local government department. The sample consisted of 82 respondents, selected using a census sampling method. The results indicate that the stores department lack CIMA stock control strategies, leading to poor stock control policy formulation and application. Staff experience and the effect of municipal stock control policy have shown a positive and significant relationship at .000* level. Proper documentation of strategic stock control and staff experience has also shown a positive significant relationship at .004* level. Moreover, the municipal strategic stock control framework has been proposed at the end of this paper and is subject to further experiments by the scholars. Keywords: stock control, stock control policy, stock control strategies. JEL Classification: H54, M40