Solidification Effect and Mechanism of Marine Muck Treated with Ionic Soil Stabilizer and Cement

In this study, an environmentally friendly ionic soil stabilizer (ISS) was adopted with combination of Portland cement to stabilize a marine muck. The macro and micro tests results demonstrated that the ISS was an effective stabilizer to improve the strength of marine muck when it was used combined with cement after adding the alkalizer NaOH. Except for the reduction in interlayer distance of clay minerals by ISS, Ca2+ and SO42− dissolved from ISS promoted the production of ettringite (AFt), pozzolanic and carbonation reactions of Portland cement in the presence of NaOH. Meanwhile, the hydration products of curing reaction notably agglomerated soil particles, which caused an obvious decrease of pores and a high increase of strength for solidified soils. Furthermore, this combination of stabilizers can not only save the dosage of cement, but also accelerate the solidification speed, decrease the cement setting time within 7 days to meet the curing requirements, and enhance the strength of solidified soils.

Possibilities of Improving the Rheological and Physical-Mechanical Properties of Polyetheretherketone Using Organophosphorus Stabilizers

The influence of various concentrations of the selected phosphorus-containing stabilizers on the properties of stabilized and unstabilized polyetheretherketone has been investigated by the methods of spectroscopic, thermal and physical-mechanical analysis. The most effective stabilizer was determined, the positive effect of certain concentrations of phosphorus-containing stabilizers on the thermal stability of polyetheretherketone was revealed.

Stabilization of Soil by the Composition of Eggshell Powder and Shredded PPE Kit

In the world full of crises, also the rising demand for PPE suits and masks would lead to another wave of biomedical waste disposition crises. The disposal of thrown away wastes causes a serious issue as the waste are most of the time are non- biodegradable and these are also not fit for incineration. Soil stabilization improves the engineering properties of the weak soil, by proper compaction and additional materials such as lime, concrete, but these materials are becoming expensive day by day, hence plastic by the composition of egg shell powder could enhance the properties and can be a sustainable replacement for lime, concrete, etc. as stabilizer. Through much experimental investigation it has been showed that plastic and egg shell powder can be used as an effective stabilizer with encountering waste disposal problem as well, along with the economical solution for stabilizing weak soil. This PPE stripes/shredding are known for its high strength, low cost, significantly less dangerous for the environment. The combined effect of PPE stripes/shredding along with egg shell powder can enhance engineering properties of soil.

Effect of Various Stabilizers on Viability of Lyophilized Pasteurella multocida B:3,4 for Use as Hemorrhagic Septicemia Vaccine

Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) is a devastating disease of cattle and buffaloes. The live aerosol vaccine is the best option to control HS. However, stability and viability of live vaccine is an issue. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of three extraneous stabilizers trehalose, skimmed milk and lactalbumin on the viability of the live vaccine strain Pasteurella multocida B:3,4. The viability of the strain was evaluated using various concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20%) of these three stabilizers. Moreover, viability of P. multocida B:3,4 was also determined at four different storage temperatures (-20, 4, 25 and 37°C). The duration of lyophilization cycle was also standardized for highest survival of cells. The data showed that trehalose and lactalbumin ensued percentage of viability as 91.89±0.08 and 80.38±2.57 respectively. Skimmed milk as stabilizer did not prove to defend cells during lyophiliztion and subsequent storage and exhibited cell viability approximately 0.47±0.009%. The study indicated that most effective stabilizer for lyophiliztion of P. multocida B:3,4 was trehalose at 15% concentration and was most suitable temperature for storage of lyophilized P. multocida B:3,4. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

Assessment of Geo Technical Properties of Nano-Lime Treated Expansive Clay

In geotechnical engineering practice, expansive clay is widely encountered. It poses to be a serious problem especially in metropolitan areas by virtue of its low strength and high compressibility. Further, these soils undergo significant change in volume as a consequence of variation in the moisture content. Soil stabilisation is one such technique practiced to improve the shear strength and to control volume change in expansive clays. Among various stabilisation techniques, Lime has been found to be an effective stabilizer, which appreciably alters the properties of expansive clay. Further, the reaction will be very effective on the usage of nano size particles in the stabilisation of expansive clay. At the first step, the effect of lime stabilisation on geotechnical properties such as grain size distribution, index properties, compaction characteristics, differential free swell and unconfined compressive strength of expansive clay was studied by varying percentages of lime. At the second step, the effect of nano- lime on the properties of optimum soil-lime mixture was investigated. The percentage of nano- lime is varied from 0.25- 1.0% by dry weight of the soil. The measured results show that the use of nano- lime in expansive clay significantly improves its strength and reduces swell behaviour resulting in reduced pavement thickness.

Feasibility of Reusing Marine Dredged Clay Stabilized by a Combination of By-Products in Coastal Road Construction

Road construction work on poor subgrade in coastal, port, and reclamation sites is a traditional challenge for geotechnical engineers because of the typically very weak clayey soil in these domains. This research investigates the effects of adding a new green binder (Fa-RmLG), in different proportions and initial water contents, on the engineering properties of marine dredged clay (MDC) collected from Yeosu port, South Korea. The new green binder used is a combination of fly ash (Fa), phosphogypsum (G), lime (L), and red mud (Rm). In this study, five binder mixtures using different proportions of Fa, G, L, and Rm were blended into MDC with different water contents varying in a range of 1.2 to 2.0 times the liquid limit (LL) value. Tests of unconfined compressive strength, California bearing ratio, swelling, and shrinkage were performed on the stabilized MDC mixtures. As a result, large increases in the strength and bearing capacity as well as significant reductions of the swelling and shrinkage values of the stabilized MDC mixtures were recorded compared with unstabilized MDC. Scanning electric microscope and X-ray diffraction analyses were performed to observe the formation and presence of gels inside the stabilized MDC mixtures. Regarding environmental impact, the pH of the stabilized MDC mixtures did not increase above the corrosive limit (pH = 12.5) by the measured pH value. These results indicate that the new green binder can be used as an effective stabilizer for the stabilization of MDC in coastal road construction.