Water/Nanofluid Pulsating Flow in Thermoelectric Module for Cooling Electric Vehicle Battery Systems

We investigated the results of the cooling performance of the pulsating water/nanofluids flowing in the thermoelectric cooling module for cooling electric vehicle battery systems. The experimental system was designed and constructed to consider the effects of the water block configuration, hot and cold side flow rates, supplied power input, and coolant types on the cooling performance of the thermoelectric module. The measured results from the present study with the Peltier module are verified against those without the thermoelectric module. Before entering the electric vehicle battering system with a Peltier module, the inlet coolant temperatures were 2.5-3.5℃ lower than those without the thermoelectric system. On the hot side, the maximum COP of the thermoelectric cooling module was 1.10 and 1.30 for water and nanofluids as coolant, respectively. The results obtained from the present approach can be used to optimize the battery cooling technique to operate in an appropriate temperature range for getting higher energy storage, durability, lifecycles, and efficiency.

Energy and Economic Sustainability of a Trigeneration Solar System Using Radiative Cooling in Mediterranean Climate

The spreading of nearly zero-energy buildings in Mediterranean climate can be supported by the suitable coupling of traditional solar heating, photovoltaics and radiative cooling. The latter is a well-known passive cooling technique, but it is not so commonly used due to low power density and long payback periods. In this study, the energy performance of a system converting solar energy into electricity and heat during the daytime and offering cooling energy at night is assessed on the basis of a validated model of a trifunctional photovoltaic–thermal–radiative cooling module. The key energy, CO2 emission and economic performance indicators were analyzed by varying the main parameters of the system, such as the spectral emissivity of the selective absorber plate and cover and thermal insulation thickness. The annual performance analysis is performed by a transient simulation model for a typical residential building and two different climates of the Mediterranean area (Trapani and Milano). For both climates, glass-PVT–RC is the best solution in terms of both overall efficiency (electric + thermal) and cooling energy capacity, even better with a thicker insulation layer; the annual electrical, heat and cooling gains of this system are 1676, 10,238 and 3200 kWh for Trapani, correspondingly (1272, 9740 and 4234 kWh for Milano, respectively). The typical glass-PVT module achieves a performance quite similar to the best ones.

Effects of Submerged Convective Cooling In The Turning of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy For Tool Temperature And Wear Improvement

Low melting point and material adhesion attributed by the magnesium alloy led to extreme built-up edge (BUE) and built-up layer (BUL) formations. Dry machining is favourable for machining magnesium alloy; however, this strategy inflicts excessive adhesive wear on the cutting tool. Therefore, this current work focuses on innovative cooling technique known as submerged convective cooling (SCC) for the turning of the AZ31 magnesium alloy. Prior to cutting experiment, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was conducted to evaluate internal structure of cooling module. Based on the CFD simulation, small inlet/outlet diameter significantly contribute to reduction of tool temperature because of effective heat transfer coefficient of cooling fluid in the SCC. Experimental results revealed that SCC has effectively reduced the tool temperature by 50% and contributed to 37% improvement in surface roughness when compared to dry cutting. Finally, both BUE and BUL were observed in dry and SCC conditions, but the severity of these wear mechanisms improved or decreased remarkably under SCC conditions.

Performance Enhancement of Split Air Conditioner During Evaporative Cooling Application

The increase of condenser temperature and pressure in air-conditioning leads to decreased cooling capacity and the increase of power consumption. Evaporative cooling could improve the thermal performance of the system. In this study, the evaporative cooling module was installed before the condenser to reduce the inlet air temperature to the condenser unit. The impact of condenser air temperature on the air conditioning system's overall performance was determined by varying the cooling pad discharge water flowrate of 880, 1040, and 1200 mL/min. The cooling load of 2000 W was employed in this experiment. The obtained results were compared with the air conditioning without an evaporative cooling module. It shows that the coefficient of performance (COP) increases with the increase of discharge water flow rate. The highest COP obtained is 7.09 at the flow rate of 1200 mL/min. The compressor work reduces about 6.57 % as compared with the air conditioner without evaporative cooling application. Besides, the COP increases by 12. 95 % at the highest flow rate.

Effect Of Position and Design Parameters of a Fan-Cooled Cold Side Heat Sink of a Thermoelectric Cooling-Module on The Performance of a Hybrid Refrigerator

This paper presents a CFD and experimental study of the thermal behavior of the thermoelectric-compartment in a hybrid household-refrigerator that combines thermoelectric and vapor-compression technologies. The hybrid refrigerator has three compartments. One of them is driven by a thermoelectric cooling system, which was made of one Peltier module and two fan-cooled heat sinks mounted on the hot and cold sides. The simulation results were compared with experimental measurements and showed a good agreement. The performance of the thermoelectric refrigerator was tested with changing the pushing direction. Two pushing directions for the fan were examined. In the first one (direction-I), the fan was fixed such that it sucked the air beside the cold heat sink. While in the second direction (direction-II), the fan was assumed to be flipped to push the air over the cold-side heat sink. The results showed that the second fan direction (direction-II) is more effective for heat transfer mechanism between the cold-side heat sink and the inside air of the thermoelectric-compartment.

An Experimental Study of Battery Thermal Management using Air Cooling and PCM (Lauric Acid)

This report is on a Thermal management system using air and PCM (Lauric acid) as an electric vehicle cooling module. Hybrid and electric vehicles are emerging with great technology in today’s world, a lot of challenges are being faced by all the manufactures, one of the main problems is the battery thermal management system. Battery thermal management system (BTMS) maintains a standard temperature for the battery to work efficiently. Cooling the battery using air and phase change material (PCM) is the latest and most efficient way of cooling the battery. This enhancement is possible by using CPU fans to direct the atmospheric air to focus and cool the width of the battery through the battery compartment’s air vents. PCM cooling is achieved by using 30/70 mixture of water and Lauric acid respectively, PCM is run around both sides of the battery’s length through copper tubes in which PCM is pumped using a submersible 12v DC pump. DC pump is turned ON and OFF by the Arduino Nano micro-controller and temperature sensor connected to the battery detects the temperature of the battery.

Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer from PV Panel with a Wetted Porous Wick

The panel absorbed solar radiation and majority of this radiation is transform into a heat, and it is usually wasted and useless. At higher cell temperature, the current out of the cell has an unnoticeable rise, but the voltage value will drop significantly, resulting in a reduction in maximum power produced. The cooling method is therefore beneficial to keep the panel at the operation temperature. A simulation model is developed using COMSOL Multiphysics software version 3.5 software to investigate the enhancement in performance of a PV water cooling module (PVW module) based on a passive and simple cooling technique using a wetted cotton porous wick attached on the PV panel's back side and compare with uncooled PV panel (PVREF module). Unsteady, laminar and 2-D, the flow in the proposed modules is assumed. The input parameters were taken from a real weather condition was perform in Najaf-Iraq. The effect of variation of mass flow rate is also studied in the present work. Good agreement was obtained for PVREF module with previously researches.