Teaching Formation to Develop Computational Thinking

In order to develop computational thinking, it is essential to modify the initial training of teachers, that is to say, to restructure the curricula of the faculties or professional schools of education in any field or context it is going to be possible to identify areas of basic or general training and areas of specialized training. As well as reading or writing, computer thinking is currently essential because its application in any professional context is necessary.

COACHING TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION: THEORY AND PRACTICE

The article raises the topical problem of innovative activity of pedagogical higher education institutions. The authors take the position that in the context of changing the role of the teacher in the training of pedagogical specialists of the new generation is a popular and modern solution. One of the ways to solve the problem is to introduce into the cycle of general training of applicants for the first (bachelor’s) level of higher education disciplines that will contribute to the formation of students’ ability to solve complex professional problems, quality of teaching and learning, support, motivation, psychological and pedagogical support, their personal and professional development.The purpose of the article is to specify the content of the discipline “Coaching Technologies in Education” for H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University.The authors of the article present the experience of implementation and content of the selective discipline “Coaching Technologies in Education” for applicants for the first (bachelor’s) level of higher education. The list of general and professional competencies that are formed in future teachers during the study of the discipline is given, the program results are specified. Target and content aspects of the elective course are presented through the prism of standardized requirements for general secondary education teachers.Methods of teaching are revealed, including partial search, performance of practical exercises, conversation, discussion, work with the basic and auxiliary literature, information sources, the story, the decision of cases, practical exercises, writing of the essay, business game, drawing up mental maps, storytelling, case study method, World Cafe method.Of particular value is the presented content of the elective course, which consists of two modules “Philosophy, principles and types of coaching”, “Coaching in education”. The thematic plan and forms of lectures and seminars are presented. The peculiarities of conducting classes in the form of coaching sessions are specified.Prospects for further scientific research are to develop practical and methodological complexes for the discipline.

Institutional variables explaining the performance of accounting and administration students

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between institutional variables and the performance of Accounting and Administration students. The microdata of Enade 2018 were used, obtaining 152,491 valid observations. Performance was measured in three ways: final performance, performance in the general training test and performance in the specific component test. In addition, the following institutional variables were considered: academic organization, region, modality and shift. The data were examined using zero adjusted Box Cox Cole Green (BCCG) regression models. The results indicated the institutional variables were relevant to explain the performance. Specifically, it was staked students enrolled in federal centers of technological education had superior performance than the other forms of academic organization. Another relevant point was the students in the North region performed worse than other regions in general. However, they outdid the students from Central-East region in the issues of general training. Regarding the teaching modality, it was found that students of face-to-face teaching presented higher performance than the distance learning students (DL). And the full-time students had better performances overall. As implications, it is pointed out that institutions offering Accounting and Administration courses in the Northern region may want to improve the quality of education, as well as those of the Centre-Western shall want to do so in relation to general training education. Similarly, the teaching on the DL modality can be improved and the offer of full-time courses can be thought of and potentially implemented.

Mykhailo Bernov as a Pioneer of Hiking Tourism: Travel through Spain and Algeria (Part I. Spain. November 1893 — February 1894)

This article considers the formation of hiking in the Russian Empire and Europe in the late 19th century. Its socio-cultural context is also defined. Particular attention is paid to the person of Mykhailo Bernov as one of the founders of hiking in the Russian Empire and Europe and his multifaceted activities in the development of communication between peoples, social actualization of knowledge about the world. Biography, information about popularization activity and publishing activity of Mykhailo Bernov are also given.In the first part of this study, the route of Mykhailo Bernov’s journey from France to Spain, and then through Spain, Algeria and the Sahara in 1892–1893, was reconstructed on the basis of his “travel notes” “Spain, Algeria and the Sahara” (St. Petersburg, 1899) and periodical data.Mykhailo Bernov left detailed descriptions of nature, countryside and major cities of Spain, monuments of history, culture and art, accompanied by historical excursions, interpretation of their own names. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of Spanish opera and theatrical life.It is concluded that sincere interest and respect for local traditions, thorough general training allowed Mykhailo Bernov to create in his notes a broad and colourful canvas of life of the country and people of Spain in the late 19th century, to capture the features of national culture and character. Bernov’s “travel notes” are based on direct communication with the Spanish common people, representatives of the elite and the administration, acquaintance with folk culture, examples of high art and literature. In his notes he makes comparisons of Spanish people with other nations. Bernov tried to understand Spain and its people, sought common socio-cultural features and values, and explained the features of “otherness” by nature, religion, state foundations, the course of history, and so on.Mykhailo Bernov’s notes on his travels in Spain as a source, in our opinion, contain a lot of useful and interesting information for researchers on the history of hiking, monuments, archaeology, ethnography, etc.

Illustrative Techniques in the Primary School

The goal of this chapter is to contribute to the area of teaching about technology, especially by using illustrative aids, kits as didactic training tools in contemporary schools, and to define what is required by this field in view of the goals of the teaching process, especially of the education theory. The study summarises the issue of illustrative aids, from the view of their application to the area of general training, and formulates answers to some related practical issues of the relevant subject didactics. The chapter presents the results of past research surveys which were conducted in relation to incorporating illustrative aids - kits into education, and of the effectiveness of the implemented education in the practical reality of teaching. One subject of discussion also includes the condition/the current state of implementing education in the primary school environment. The aim of this chapter is to provide a comparative and analytical insight into the teaching of general technical subjects in primary schools in the context of technical kits, defining current trends and approaches to the implementation of educational activities. The broader intention is thus to contribute to the development of a sectoral didactics of technical subjects, targeted at lower school levels and educational practice.

Anomaly Segmentation Based on Depth Image for Quality Inspection Processes in Tire Manufacturing

This paper introduces and implements an efficient training method for deep learning–based anomaly area detection in the depth image of a tire. A depth image of 16 bit integer size is used in various fields, such as manufacturing, industry, and medicine. In addition, the advent of the 4th Industrial Revolution and the development of deep learning require deep learning–based problem solving in various fields. Accordingly, various research efforts use deep learning technology to detect errors, such as product defects and diseases, in depth images. However, a depth image expressed in grayscale has limited information, compared with a three-channel image with potential colors, shapes, and brightness. In addition, in the case of tires, despite the same defect, they often have different sizes and shapes, making it difficult to train deep learning. Therefore, in this paper, the four-step process of (1) image input, (2) highlight image generation, (3) image stacking, and (4) image training is applied to a deep learning segmentation model that can detect atypical defect data. Defect detection aims to detect vent spews that occur during tire manufacturing. We compare the training results of applying the process proposed in this paper and the general training result for experiment and evaluation. For evaluation, we use intersection of union (IoU), which compares the pixel area where the actual error is located in the depth image and the pixel area of the error inferred by the deep learning network. The results of the experiment confirmed that the proposed methodology improved the mean IoU by more than 7% and the IoU for the vent spew error by more than 10%, compared to the general method. In addition, the time it takes for the mean IoU to remain stable at 60% is reduced by 80%. The experiments and results prove that the methodology proposed in this paper can train efficiently without losing the information of the original depth data.

EFL Learners' Perspectives Towards Online Reading Module of IELTS: A Study at Tertiary Level

This paper seeks to investigate the attitude of students towards attending IELTS (Reading) classes online. The International English Language Testing System (IELTS) is a world-wide recognized test that students/ candidates have to take to assess their English language proficiency to study or work in an English- speaking context. They have to either take the IELTS Academic or the IELTS General Training modules. In recent times with the shift from face-to-face to online classes, the students face many challenges while attending online classes of IELTS, especially the reading module. This study aims to find out the problems which are faced by Saudi students while attending online classes. For this, 40 undergraduate students, both males and females of a public university in Saudi Arabia, were chosen as participants to carry out the study. A survey questionnaire was administered to the students who experienced challenges in online classes of IELTS. Based on the findings, the study concludes with some recommendations about how students can overcome the challenges they face while having online classes of the Reading module of IELTS.

FORMATION OF GENERAL CULTURAL COMPETENCIES OF STUDENTS WHEN STUDYING HISTORICAL DISCIPLINES IN A MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

The article is devoted to the study of the place of historical disciplines in the formation of general cultural competencies of medical students studying in medical and humanitarian specialties. A theoretical analysis of the topic in domestic and foreign historical and pedagogical science is carried out. The necessity of the presence of historical disciplines in the system of higher professional medical education has been substantiated. On the basis of many years of pedagogical experience, pedagogical technologies developed by the authors are presented, which most fully form general cultural and professional competencies within the framework of historical disciplines. The data of pedagogical research on the stated topic are given, the opinions of students about the content of historical disciplines, about the process of forming knowledge, abilities and skills in the general training of a student of a medical university are explicated. The practical significance of the study for improving the pedagogical process in the classroom at a medical university is reflected.

Winning the Battle but Losing the War: Ironic Effects of Training Consumers to Detect Deceptive Advertising Tactics

Misleading information pervades marketing communications, and is a long-standing issue in business ethics. Regulators place a heavy burden on consumers to detect misleading information, and a number of studies have shown training can improve their ability to do so. However, the possible side effects have largely gone unexamined. We provide evidence for one such side-effect, whereby training consumers to detect a specific tactic (illegitimate endorsers), leaves them more vulnerable to a second tactic included in the same ad (a restrictive qualifying footnote), relative to untrained controls. We update standard notions of persuasion knowledge using a goal systems approach that allows for multiple vigilance goals to explain such side-effects in terms of goal shielding, which is a generally adaptive process by which activation and/or fulfillment of a low-level goal inhibits alternative detection goals. Furthermore, the same goal systems logic is used to develop a more general form of training that activates a higher-level goal (general skepticism). This more general training improved detection of a broader set of tactics without the negative goal shielding side effect.