Effect of transplanting dates on yield attributing characters of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) variety

The research was conducted on the field of Chagunarayan municipality (Tathali) from 23rd March to 17th June 2020 to observe the effect date of transplanting on attributing character of tomato Genotype. 23rd March, 6th April, 21st April, and 6th May are the four sowing dates laid out in the RCBD design with three replications. And the data were observed in 10 days intervals for each planting time. The attributing character like plant height, leaf number, no of branches shows positive impact for early shown plant species, and development for later sowing date shows decreasing result. Therefore, the species planted before the planting time is beneficial from an economic point of view where the plant shows a positive growth rate on attributing character, and it can be considered for further research programs as well.

Analysis Growth Rate in Area, Production and Productivity of Sapota in Gujarat, India

The present investigation was "Analysis growth rate in area, production and productivity of Sapota in Gujarat". A multi stage random sampling design was used for selecting the sample. The study covered 2 Districts, 2 talukas, 12 villages and 120 Sapota growers from Valsad and Navsari districts. The primary data were collected for the season of 2011-2012 by personal interview method. In the results revealed that the Valsad and Navsari districts were found to having positive growth rate in area and production (0.20 and 0.73 per cent and 1.59 and 2.30 per cent, respectively). While the productivity of both the districts was positive viz., 0.54 and 0.70 respectively. On the contrary, a lower but positive and significant growth rate was observed in sapota area for the state as a whole, whereas the production and yield showed positive trend (2.01 and 2.55 respectively). The per hectare total cost of establishment for four year were Rs. 75387.59 for the orchards in Valsad district and Rs. 74025.27 for the orchards in Navsari district. The maintenance cost worked out to be as Rs. 56326.59 and Rs. 55298.27 in Valsad and Navsari district respectively. The average per ha yield from Valsad district was 10. 61 tonnes and from Navsari district was 11.11 tonnes in 6th year and net returns were Rs. 113527 from Valsad district and Rs. 118877 from Navsari district.

An Empirical Analysis of Timber Trade in India

Forests are renewable resources that contribute significantly to economic growth. The economic contribution by forest is through the valuable commodities including wood, paper and non-timber forest products. One among this is timber, it has been the primary material for house construction and furnishings of all kinds over the years. Timber plays a vital role in international trade in India. This study was focused on finding growth pattern in export and import of timber using Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR). Over the period of 2005-2019, the production of timber has been increased at the rate of 0.07%. The import performance was dominant over the export due to over requirements of raw materials. Although export showed positive growth rate at 0.15%, import of timber shot up at 4.09% from 2005-2019. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce adequate due diligence system to meet domestic demand of timber production in India.

Determination of Optimal Size of Government in Relation to Output Growth in Nigeria: A Monte Carlo Simulation Evidence

This paper attempted to estimate optimal size of public sector that prompts positive output growth in Nigeria based on Monte Carlo simulation of estimated parameters of an error correction model having controlled for regime effect. Our motivation derives from economic theory that absence of government could be injurious to output growth culminating in unavailability of contracts and public goods. Using different policy scenarios of public sector share in GDP, the study validates and supports the tenets of Rahn Curve that economy shrinks when government grows enormous as we found 40% public sector spending as proportion of GDP as optimal public sector size that stimulates positive growth rate of about 0.095% having controlled for regime effect. By implication, our original contribution in this study is amplified on our empirics that public sector role in Nigerian economy is less than or equal to 40%. Consequently, any size of public sector beyond forty percent is economically destructive as it capable of stimulating negative spill overs on the economy due to growing taxes and public debt repayment. Hence, public sector spending should be significantly less than forty percent or at most forty percent for purpose of economic growth. This indeed translates to enforcing responsible fiscal policy centred on forty percent public sector size.

Recent Advances in Phenolic Metabolites and Skin Cancer

Skin cancer represents any tumor development from the cutaneous structures within the epidermis, dermis or subcutaneous tissue, and is considered to be the most prevalent type of cancer. Compared to other types of cancer, skin cancer is proven to have a positive growth rate of prevalence and mortality. There are available various treatments, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy, but because of the multidrug resistance development, a low success has been registered. By this, the importance of studying naturally occurring compounds that are both safe and effective in the chemoprevention of skin cancer is emphasized. This review focuses on melanoma because it is the deadliest form of skin cancer, with a significantly increasing incidence in the last decades. As chemopreventive agents, we present polyphenols and their antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effect, their ability to balance the cell cycle and to induce apoptosis and their various other effects on skin melanoma. Besides chemoprevention, studies suggest that polyphenols can have treating abilities in some conditions. The limitations of using polyphenols are also pointed out, which are related to their poor bioavailability and stability, but as the technology is well developed, it is possible to augment the efficacy of polyphenols in the case of melanoma.

The Growth Performance of Selected Spice Crops in Haryana State

Subject and purpose of work: The study aims to evaluate the growth performance of spice crops in Haryana state of India. Materials and methods: The study is based on secondary data obtained over the period of 17 years i.e., from 2001-2002 to 2017-2018. Four spice crop – ginger, turmeric, garlic and fenugreek were selected from rabi and kharif season on the basis of the largest area sown. In order to analyze the data descriptive statistics (mean and C.V.) and CGR (compound growth rate) were employed. Results: T he s tudy r evealed a significant p ositive g rowth r ate o f 2.20%, 4.50% and 2.20% in the area, production and productivity of ginger in the district of Panchkula, respectively. In the district of Yamunanagar, a growth rate 13.80% and 10.20% was found in the area and production of turmeric. However, a negative productivity growth rate of -3.20% was also revealed. A positive growth rate 1.50%, 3.30% and 0.17% was found in the area, production and productivity of garlic in Karnal district. In the district of Yamunanagar, a growth rate for fenugreek of 7.30% and 7.60% and 13.90% in the area, production and productivity was found. The state of Haryana recorded a significant growth of 1.7%, 2.8% and 1.1% per annum in the area, production and productivity of spice crops respectively. Conclusions: T he s tudy r evealed a positive g rowth rate across all the selected spice crops, indicating improving prospects of spice crops in Haryana state.

Temporal and Spatial Production Price Behaviour of Marketed Rapeseed-mustard in Rajasthan

The present study has been carried out with the objectives of examining growth performance of area and production of rapeseed-mustard along with behavioural change in price and arrivals of rapeseed-mustard in major districts of Rajasthan. The study period from 2010-11 to 2019-20 was selected for growth analysis and January, 2011 to December, 2020 selected for study of price and arrivals of rapeseed-mustard. The results shown that production of rapeseed-mustard was increased at positive rate and area at negative in Alwar and Sawai Madhopur districts. In case of Bharatpur, the area and production of rapeseed-mustard was reported positive growth rate. The instability in annual arrivals of rapeseed-mustard was recorded very high in KUMS, Alwar and KUMS, Dig as compared to KUMS, Nagar and KUMS, Sawai Madhopur. In case of prices, the variability in all selected Krishi Upaj Mandi Samities were record in mid-range. Highlights: Highest arrivals instability was reported in Krishi Upaj Mandi Samiti, Alwar The production of rapeseed-mustard was showed positive growth rate in Rajasthan.

ANALISIS PENILAIAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH

This research aims to measure the independence of local governments in implementing regional autonomy in Sleman Regency by assessing the financial performance of the Regional Financial and Asset Agency (BKAD) based on the Budget Realization Report (LRA) for 3 years from 2017 - 2019 by analyzing the effectiveness ratio of Regional Original Income, growth ratio, compatibility ratio, regional financial independence ratio, and regional financial dependency ratio. The results of the analysis showed that the growth ratio of Regional Native Income (PAD) was assessed to have a positive growth rate. PAD effectiveness level is already very effective with an average effectiveness of 110.5%. Ratio of Compatibility has decreased in 2019 to 81.47% which shows that still local governments still allocate a lot of operating spending rather than capital expenditure. The independence ratio in the Sleman Regency government increased from 51.50% to 54.36% which was categorized as having moderate financial capabilities and showing participatory relationship patterns. The level of local financial dependence on the central government is considered very high reaching 63.99%. This shows that the Sleman County Regional Government has not been able to maximize Local Original Income effectively and efficiently in obtaining Regional Revenue.

Increasing the Possibility Economy of Bali City Through the Development of Small Industry

GRDP plays an important role in the economic growth of a region. The high rate of GRDP can encourage regional growth and development. The growth of cities and their surrounding areas is closely linked to economic change, especially as it can create opportunities for more productive jobs that can contribute to attracting foreign trade and investment. The industrial sector is one of the largest contributors to GRDP in Bali after the trade sector and the banking sector and other financial institutions. The industrial sector is the largest employer of labor, with a positive growth rate every year, especially in 2019. This research used econometric model approach to co-integration and dynamic model approaches ECM (Error Correction Model) for methods of analysis. The results of multiple linear regression to estimate ECM shows that domestic investment (PMDN) and foreign investment (PMA) have influences toward GDRP in industry. In the short-term and long-term shows that domestic and foreign variable have positive and significant effect on the value of GDRP along with all industry including small industry. The aim of this study is to explore new things, new ideas, hypotheses and analyze the importance of the role and development of small industries in increasing the GRDP of the City of Bali.

Trend analysis of area, production and productivity in pigeonpea

The present study has been analysed the trend in area, production and productivity of pigeon pea and the instability by Cuddy Della Valle index. The study has been carried out based on secondary data and the data was collected for the periods from 2007-08 to 2018-19. Compound annual growth rate, co-efficient of variation and instability index was computed. The growth rate of area and production of pigeonpea in India showed and significant positive at 1 per cent and 5 per cent level, respectively and productivity showed insignificant positive growth rate. The growth rate of area and production of pigeonpea of Karnataka showed significant positive trend at 5 per cent level and productivity showed insignificant positive growth rate. The increase in production occurs due to increase in area as well as interactions of area and productivity of pigeonpea in the study period. Thus, there is a need to take up productivity enhancing measures in pigeonpea like varietal improvement, improved cultural practices, disease control measures and irrigation facilities. The instability indices for area, production and productivity for pigeonpea is positive which indicates less risk in growing pigeonpea in future.