Using experience-based learning to enhance management education

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. 10; 10; 10; 10; Findings Management education might be most effective when an experienced-based approach to learning is adopted. Firm can achieve desired outcomes by encouraging participants to engage in different types of dialogue in order to interpret experiences that can subsequently help generate new knowledge and inspire greater creativity. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Self-tuition as an essential design feature of the brain

We are curious by nature, particularly when young. Evolution has endowed our brain with an inbuilt obligation to educate itself. In this perspectives article, we posit that self-tuition is an evolved principle of vertebrate brain design that is reflected in its basic architecture and critical for its normal development. Self-tuition involves coordination between functionally distinct components of the brain, with one set of areas motivating exploration that leads to the experiences that train another set. We review key hypothalamic and telencephalic structures involved in this interplay, including their anatomical connections and placement within the segmental architecture of conserved forebrain circuits. We discuss the nature of educative behaviours motivated by the hypothalamus, innate stimulus biases, the relationship to survival in early life, and mechanisms by which telencephalic areas gradually accumulate knowledge. We argue that this aspect of brain function is of paramount importance for systems neuroscience, as it confers neural specialization and allows animals to attain far more sophisticated behaviours than would be possible through genetic mechanisms alone. Self-tuition is of particular importance in humans and other primates, whose large brains and complex social cognition rely critically on experience-based learning during a protracted childhood period. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Systems neuroscience through the lens of evolutionary theory’.

ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКІ СТРАТЕГІЇ, ПІДХОДИ І МОДЕЛІ РОЗВИТКУ ОСВІТИ ДОРОСЛИХ

У статті розкриваються європейські стратегії розвитку феномену освіти дорослих в умовах відкритості та інтернаціоналізації освітньо-наукового простору. Автор наголошує на завданнях розбудови освіти і навчання дорослих як ефективного сектора в структурі цілісної системи освіти кожної країни. Характеризуються теорії освіти дорослих, які найбільш поширені у світі – андрагогічна, навчання на основі досвіду, трансформаційна та розкриваються можливості щодо їх використання в контексті нових підходів до навчання фахівців. Обґрунтовується думка про те, що нові підходи західних вчених до теоретичного осмислення освіти дорослих можна представити у вигляді системи концепцій, об’єднаних вихідним педагогічним контекстом – теорією освіти упродовж життя, з її сучасним наголосом на дорослій половині людського життя після отримання основної освіти. У статті доводиться, що завдання переосмислення освіти і підготовки фахівців в ХХІ ст. в Україні і за кордоном актуалізує емпіричні теорії навчання, центральним концептом яких є досвід. Автором аналізуються положення трансформаційного навчання, результатом впровадження якого в освітній процес може стати трансформація професійного розвитку педагогів, особистісний розвиток і підвищення рівня педагогічної майстерності педагогів. Виокремлюються базові ідеї трансформаційної теорії навчання дорослих про те, що перспективні перетворення особистості мають три виміри: психологічний (зміни в розумінні себе), ціннісний (перегляд системи переконань) і поведінковий (зміни в стилі життя). Робиться огляд сучасних успішних моделей професійного розвитку педагогів в зарубіжній практиці освіти модель «Школа професійного розвитку» (Professional Development School – PDS), клінічна модель (clinical model), модель навчання на робочому місці (work-based learning), модель навчання на базі проектів (project-based learning), модель навчання на основі реальних проблем (PBL), модель навчання на базі досвіду (experience-based learning systems – EBLS), матрична модель свідомої компетентності (matrix model of conscious competence). Зроблено висновок про необхідність використання в Україні зарубіжних теоретичних надбань у сфері освіти дорослих з метою вибудови максимально ефективного навчання на всіх етапах – від створення концепції до практичної реалізації; формування стратегій з урахуванням контексту навчання; використання педагогами технологій, які максимально відповідають контексту; професійного розвитку педагогів як рефлексуючих практиків.Ключові слова: європейські стратегії; теорії освіти дорослих; моделі освіти дорослих; трансформація професійного розвитку; зарубіжний досвід.

The Effects of Facebook Live-Stream Teaching on Improving Students' Dance Skills

The purpose of this study is to enhance the effect of dance skill learning, learning motivation, and physical activity class satisfaction. Moreover, the outcome of these quasi-experiments illustrate the effects of Facebook Live-stream teaching, co-regulated learning (CRL), and experience-based learning (ExBL) on improving students' learning performance. The experimental design in this study was a 2 (CRL vs. non-CRL) × 2 (ExBL vs. non-ExBL) factorial pretest/post-test design. Four classes of a course titled ‘Physical Education: Dance' at university level were chosen for this study in one semester. According to the analysis of results, conclusions of this study are that students who receive ExBL have significantly higher physical activity class satisfaction than students who do not receive ExBL. In addition, in the case of ExBL teaching, the concurrent implementation of CRL can improve students' dance skill learning more than ExBL alone.

Experience Effects in Finance: Foundations, Applications, and Future Directions

This article establishes four key findings of the growing literature on experience effects in finance: (i) the long-lasting imprint of past experiences on beliefs and risk taking; (ii) recency effects; (iii) the domain-specificity of experience effects; and (iv) imperviousness to information that is not experience-based. I first discuss the neuroscientific foundations of experience-based learning and sketch a simple model of its role in the stock market based on Malmendier et al. (2020a, b). I then distill the empirical findings on experience effects in stock-market investment, trade dynamics, and international capital flows, highlighting these four key features. Finally, I contrast models of belief formation that rely on “learned information” with models accounting for the neuroscience evidence on synaptic tagging and memory formation, and provide directions for future research.

Impaired dissociation of advantageous and disadvantageous risky choices in adolescents: the role of experience-based learning

Adolescence is characterized by a surge in maladaptive risk-taking behaviors, but whether and how this relates to developmental changes in experience-based learning is largely unknown. In this preregistered study, we addressed this issue using a novel task that allowed us to separate the learning-driven optimization of risky choice behavior over time from overall risk-taking tendencies. Adolescents (12-17 years old) learned to dissociate advantageous from disadvantageous risky choices less well than adults (20-35 years old), and this impairment was stronger in early than mid-late adolescents. Computational modeling revealed that adolescents’ suboptimal performance was largely due to an inefficiency in core learning and choice processes. Specifically, adolescents used a simpler, suboptimal, expectation-updating process and a more stochastic choice policy. In addition, the modeling results suggested that adolescents, but not adults, overvalued the highest rewards. Finally, an exploratory latent-mixture model analysis indicated that a substantial proportion of the participants in each age group did not engage in experience-based learning but used a gambler’s fallacy strategy, stressing the importance of analyzing individual differences. Our results help understand why adolescents tend to make more, and more persistent, maladaptive risky decisions than adults when the values of these decisions have to be learned from experience.

Experience-Based Learning Models in Entrepreneurship Courses: An Innovation to Promote Entrepreneurship Based on Local Wisdom

Innovation in learning is necessary to answer the challenges of education in the 21st century. Students who are prepared for the demands of this era will have a mindset to not only seek work but also to create work. Efforts to promote this mindset in students majoring in Development Economics is done by implementing learning innovations in entrepreneurship courses using the experience-based learning model adapted from David Kolbs (1981). This descriptive qualitative research was conducted to examine the innovation of learning using an experience-based learning model. This learning was expected to promote entrepreneurship values in the students based on local wisdom. The data were collected through in-depth interviews with and participant observation of Development Economics students who took the entrepreneurship course, and through the study of documents. Keywords: Experience-Based Learning, Entrepreneurship Values, Local Wisdom

Dialogue in management education and development: a conceptual framework

PurposeThe experience of individuals has a huge potential for management education and development. Specific approaches are required to transform experience into learning. The purpose of this paper is to create a framework of dialogic approach, as a method of experience-based learning, which can be used for transforming the experience into learning.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses analytical abstraction and conceptual integration to develop the framework of dialogic approach. Evidence from prior research studies is used as the theoretical background to support the framework.FindingsDialogue is important for unravelling the experience and creating learning. Dialogic approach as a tool for experience-based learning is developed by combining reflective, appreciative and generative dialogues in a theoretically consistent sequence.Practical implicationsThe proposed framework is operationalised as a three-phase process for delivering the dialogic approach and can be used by educators.Originality/valueThe framework of dialogic approach is unique as it combines different types of dialogues. The framework is independent of context and can be applied globally for management education and development, which is a novel contribution.