EP.TU.6The Impact of Disability on Performance in the Intercollegiate Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons examination (MRCS)

Aims The number of medical students and doctors with disabilities is increasing, however there is a paucity of data on the performance of doctors with registered disabilities in the postgraduate environment. To address this gap in knowledge, we assessed the impact of disabilities on performance in the MRCS. Methods All UK medical graduates who had attempted MRCS Part A (n = 9,597) and Part B (n = 4,562) between 2007-2017 with linked disability data in the UK Medical Education Database (https://www.ukmed.ac.uk) were included. Univariate analysis identified associations with MRCS performance and logistic regression models identified independent predictors of success. Results Candidates with registered disabilities had lower MRCS Part A pass rates (46.3% vs 59.8% respectively (p < 0.001)) but similar Part B pass rates (68.2% vs 70.9% (p = 0.339). They were nearly twice as likely to fail Part A (odds ratio 0.55 [95% Confidence Interval 0.46-0.64]). When prior academic attainment (A-Levels and medical school performance) was taken into account, there was no statistically significant difference in the likelihood of success at MRCS (p > 0.05). MRCS pass rates were similar for candidates with specific learning difficulties and those with other registered disabilities p > 0.05). Conclusions This is the first study to assess the impact of disability status and type on performance at a postgraduate medical examination. It appears that candidates with registered disabilities perform less well in formal, written examinations generally. Our data indicate that the MRCS itself is fair for candidates with registered disabilities and that the current testing accommodations enable performance unrestricted by disability.

51 The Impact of Disability on Performance in the Intercollegiate Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons examination (MRCS)

Aim The number of clinicians with disabilities is increasing, however there is no data on the performance of doctors with registered disabilities in the postgraduate environment. If we are to ensure diversity and equality within the workforce, we must first identify whether attainment differences exist in markers of performance. To address this, we assessed the impact of disabilities on performance in the MRCS. Method All UK medical graduates who had attempted MRCS Part A (n = 9,597) and Part B (n = 4,562) between 2007-2017 with linked disability data in the UK Medical Education Database (https://www.ukmed.ac.uk) were included. Univariate analysis identified associations with MRCS performance and logistic regression models identified independent predictors of success. Results Candidates with registered disabilities (n = 635) had lower MRCS Part A pass rates (46.3% vs 59.8% (p < 0.001)) but similar Part B pass rates (68.2% vs 70.9% (p = 0.339)). They were nearly twice as likely to fail Part A (odds ratio 0.55 [95% Confidence Interval 0.46-0.64]). When prior academic attainment (A-Levels and medical school performance) was accounted for, there was no statistically significant difference in the likelihood of MRCS success (p>0.05). Pass rates were similar for candidates with specific learning difficulties and those with other registered disabilities (p>0.05). Conclusions This is the first study to assess the impact of disability status and type on performance at a postgraduate medical examination. It appears that candidates with registered disabilities performed less well in formal, written examinations generally. Although our data indicate that current MRCS testing accommodations are fair, enabling performance unrestricted by disability.

Water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of the „Golczewskie Uroczysko” nature reserve

The „Golczewskie Uroczysko” nature reserve was established on 5 May 2004 to protect the raised peat bog and the dystrophic Lake Żabie with its surrounding transitional bog and adjacent forest complexes containing valuable plants. In May, July and October 2006 the research of water mite (Hydrachnidia) fauna has been conducted. A total of 557 water mite specimens belonging to 41 species were collected and among these 382 specimens belonging to 31 species were collected in Lake Żabie, 83 specimens belonging to 21 species were collected in ditches in the forest, 70 specimens belonging to 15 species in a ditch on the beatboog and 22 specimens belonging to 10 species in flooded alder forest. In a ditch in the peat bog, ditches in the forest and Lake Żabie tyrphobiontic and tyrphophilous species were dominant, with a substantial part of small water body species in Lake Żabie and with similar part of small water body species and vernal astatic water body species in a ditch in the peat bog and ditches in the forest. In flooded alder forest vernal astatic water body species were dominants.

Fisheries assessment spring zooplankton of some lakes in the semi-desert zone of Kazakhstan

The zooplankton survey of four lakes in the semidesert zone in the spring of 2019 showed the following. Small-sized lakes were characterized by shallowness, overgrowth, and a relatively safe water environment. With similar part of planktonts in lakes Kanaevskoe, Derevyannoe, Tumash-Nogas revealed a very low biomass. In oz. Telibai, with a minimum amount of vegetation, a sufficient layer of water column, the productivity of invertebrates was middle-class trophic, optimal for fish. Reclamation of lakes to reduce overgrowth and improve stable water availability will help to improve the composition, increase the productivity of zooplankton and use of reservoirs of the reserve Fund in the fisheries plan.

Prediction of inhibition of influenza virus neuraminidase of various strains by using a generalized model constructed using the data on the position of known ligands

Several variants of models for predicting the IC50 values of inhibitors of influenza virus neuraminidase are presented for both individual strains and for combinations of data for neuraminidases of several strains. They are based on the use of calculated energy contributions to the amount of change in the free energy of enzyme-inhibitor complexes. In contrast to previous works, aimed at the complex modeling, we added a procedure of comparison of the docking variants with one of the neuraminidase inhibitors, for which the structure of the complexes was determined experimentally. The choice of the comparison structure was made according to the similarity of structures evaluated using the Tanimoto metrics and the limit of the RMSD value for a similar part of the structure was no more than 2 Å. Using this limitation and filtering datasets for a particular strain by the Q2 value obtained in the leave-one-out control procedure it is possible to construct equations for predicting the IC50 value with a Q2 value close to the minimum confidence threshold (0.57 in this work). Taking into consideration that in this version of the prediction, a minimum set of energy contributions is used, which does not provide for expensive calculations of entropy contributions, the result obtained supports the correctness of using a generalized model based on the data on the position of known ligands to predict the inhibition of neuraminidase of the influenza virus of various strains.

An Assembly Information Model for Rapid Assembly Modeling

The purpose of this paper is to develop a novel assembly information model, hierarchical assembly pair (HAP), as the basis of rapid assembly modeling, which aims to refine the current product-modeling paradigm and forms an advanced product-modeling framework. Apart from the geometry level, this model expresses the designer’s assembly design intent (ADI) at the feature level and part level, thus forming three sub models. Based on the model, some new technologies in the field of CAD can be integrated to promote the ADI’s automatic transformation at different levels and efficient transmission between structure-similar part models. Moreover, as the carrier of ADI, HAP can be embedded into the part models at part modeling stage and instantiated to assemble the parts at assembly modeling stage, thus reducing numerous tedious and error-prone operations such as picking up geometry elements and inputting constraint commands. The example of machine vice proves the validity of the model.

Research on the CAPP System Based on Case Retrieval

Take the rotary parts as sample to take on the technical research of CAPP system based on case retrieval. Building the case base based on the cases which already exists: Set up the rules about the parts expression and input and make retrieval algorithm of similar part. By the favorable man-machine interface, the similar parts can be retrieved from the case according to the target part’s feature. When there are no entries in the directory case base that match your search case, some correction will be made to the case base to meet the need of the users.

Developing Software with Domain-Driven Model Reuse

This chapter presents an approach to software development where model-driven development and software reuse facilities are combined in a natural way. It shows how model transformations building a Platform Independent Model (PIM) can be applied directly to the requirements specified in RSL by domain experts. Further development of the software case (PSM, code) is also supported by transformations, which in addition ensure a rich traceability within the software case. Alternatively, the PSM model and code can also be generated directly from requirements in RSL, thus providing fast development of the final code of at least a system prototype in many situations. The reuse support relies on a similarity-based comparison of requirements for software cases. If a similar part is found in an existing software case, a traceability link-based slice of the solution can be merged into the new case. The implementation of the approach is briefly sketched.

Applying Case-Based Reasoning Approach to Assembly Part Design

Experience and knowledge play a very important role in design; however, experts experience and knowledge are difficult to impart effectively and precisely to novices. Artificial intelligence (AI) approaches have been successfully applied to many fields. Among the numerous AI approaches, Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) is an approach that mainly focuses on the reuse of knowledge and experience. However, little work is done on applications of CBR to improve assembly part design. Similarity measures and the weight of different features are crucial in determining the accuracy of retrieving cases from the case base. This research presents a Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) system, CBR-DFA, consisting of a complete CBR cycle to retrieve and evaluate an assembly part design. Experience and knowledge in the form of suggestions include qualitative and quantitative information offered to novices by retrieving and adapting a similar case. Early experimental results indicate that the similar part design is effectively retrieved by these similarity measures.

Investigation on Free-Wheel Hub for Starter Rotary Forming Process and Die Design Based on Numerical Simulation

Free-wheel hub plays an important role in automobile starter system, so there is higher quality requirement on geometry and precision. In order to improve the efficiency and comprehensive functions of the part, according to the features of the lower part with involute small module internal helical spline, the rotary forming technology was put forward, and the forming process was simulated by the DEFORM-3D software. In the die design, the use of rotary punch made the process of rotary forming achieved in common hydraulic press, and can serve as an important reference to the design of forming process and die structure of similar part.