A data-driven XRD analysis protocol for phase identification and phase-fraction prediction of multiphase inorganic compounds

Deep learning (DL) models trained with synthetic XRD data have never accomplished a satisfactory quantitative XRD analysis for the exact prediction of a constituent-phase fraction in unknown multiphase inorganic compounds,...

A theory of porous media and harmonic wave propagation in poroelastic body

The present work is based on a mixture theory of poroelastic media which is consistent with the classical Darcy’s law and uplift force in soil mechanics. In addition, it also results in having an inertial effect on the motion of solid constituent as commonly expected, in contrast to Biot’s theory, where relative acceleration is introduced as an interactive force between solid and fluid constituents to account for the apparent inertial effect. The propagation of plane harmonic waves in homogeneously deformed region is considered. For different poroelastic models with either incompressible solid or incompressible fluid constituent, phase speeds and attenuation coefficients are analysed and numerically determined with convenient data from a nonlinear material model for comparison with some available results in the literature.

Fabrication and characterization of (CaxSr1-x)Si2 films prepared by co-sputtering method

The {100}-oriented (CaxSr1-x)Si2 thin films have been prepared by co-sputtering method at various deposition temperatures. Constituent phase of the films primarily depends on the deposition temperature and the composition x. Although CaSi2 films consisted of layered structure regardless of deposition temperature, the phase was changed by the deposition temperature: the majority phases of the film deposited at 600°C, 650°C and 700°C were 1T layered structure, 1T layered structure + 2H layered structure and 1T layered structure + 6R layered structure, respectively. When the (CaxSr1-x)Si2 films deposited at 700°C, the α-SrSi2-type phase was mainly confirmed below x = 0.17, which is the most stable phase of SrSi2. However, the main phase of all CaxSr1-xSi2 films deposited at 600°C changed to be 1T-type layered structure. Substitution with Ca below x = 0.50 in the film deposited at 600°C led to the decrease in the electrical resistivity compared with that of pure SrSi2.

Effect of Multi-Elements Substitution on the Mechanical Properties of Intermetallic Compound

ABSTRACTIt is well known that various elements substitute for a certain sub-lattice of intermetallic compounds. There have been various experimental investigations of the effects of substituted elements on mechanical properties, however, there are few reports describing the effects of multi-element substitution. In the present study, L12-type compounds A3B (Ni3Al and Co3(Al,W)) were selected as model compounds because their substitution behavior is well known. It was reported that various elements such as Ni, Co, Cu, Pd and Pt occupy the A-site, whereas Al, Si, Ga, Ge, Ti, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, and W occupy the B-site. These elements are expected to introduce local lattice distortion, which may affect the motion of dislocations over a wide range of temperatures. Several alloys composed of five or more elements including Ni, Co, Al, Mo, and W, were prepared using an Ar-arc melting machine and heat-treated. Several alloys were found to include an (Ni, Co)3(Al, Mo, W, …)-L12 compound as a constituent phase. The nano-hardness of these L12 phases was higher than that of the high-strength Co3(Al,W)-L12 compound, confirming that multi-element substitution is an effective way to improve the mechanical properties of an intermetallic compound without decreasing the phase stability.

Effect of Binding and Dispersion Behavior of High-Entropy Alloy (HEA) Powders on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in a Novel HEA/Diamond Composite

This study reports the results of the addition of diamonds in the sintering process of a FCC-structured CoCrFeNiMo high-entropy alloy. The effect of raw powder states such as elemental mixed (EM) powder, gas atomization (GA) powder and mechanical alloying (MA) powder on the uniformity of constituent phase was also investigated. Examination of microstructure and evaluation of mechanical properties of the composites depending on the mixing processes were performed. As a result, GA+MA powder composite showed the highest mechanical properties. The experimental results indicated that the powder manufacturing method was an essential parameter to determine the quality of HEA/diamond composites such as the uniformity of phase and binding behavior.

The Origins of the Deliberative Turn

This chapter deals with the origins and the building-process of the theoretical field of deliberative democracy (which took place over a very specific period between 1980 and 1993). This history was far from linear: Deliberative Democracy came out of a complex process in which different conceptual elements were gradually elaborated, changed and reworked. The theoretical field was built through several independent approaches. We can pinpoint five different stages: a phase of transition and theoretical innovation compared to the models of participatory democracy that characterized the sixties and seventies; the first formulations and insights, in the early eighties; the constituent phase proper in the late eighties; the phase of articulation of a deliberative field and its overlapping with other intellectual traditions; and finally the consolidation of the philosophical foundations of deliberative democracy, mainly thanks to Jürgen Habermas and John Rawls, with their works of the early nineties.

Effect of FeO-CaO-SiO2-MgO-xAl2O3 Slags with 12.0~26.0 wt.% Al2O3 Content on Dephosphorization of Molten Steel

The purpose of this investigation is to understand the effect of FeO-CaO-SiO2-MgO-xAl2O3 slags with 12.0~26.0 wt.% Al2O3 content on dephosphorization of molten steel. The dephosphorization experiments of FeO-CaO-SiO2-MgO-xAl2O3 slags are evaluated by a heater of induction furnace at the temperature of 1823 K. The results show that the dephosphorization ability of FeO-CaO-SiO2-MgO-xAl2O3 slags significantly decreases with the increasing of Al2O3 content. The oxidative slag with 12.4 wt.% Al2O3 possesses the biggest dephosphorization ability (approximately 82.7%) in all conditions. When the Al2O3 content of oxidative slag increases from 12.4 to 25.7 wt.%, the dephosphorization ability decreases from 82.7% to 34.6%. P2O5 content of oxidative slag also decreases with the increasing of Al2O3 content. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results reveal that the Fe-based slag with 12.4 wt.% Al2O3 contains the constituent phases of FexO and Ca2Al2SiO7. As the Al2O3 content of Fe-based slag is above 22.1 wt.%, the constituent phase of FeAl2O4 is generated. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (ESD) results verify that the capacity of phosphorus of FeAl2O4 phase is the worst in all phases. The capacity of phosphorus for each phase is Ca2Al2SiO7 phase > FexO phase > (Fe,Mg)Al2O4 phase.