Analysis of the Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget Administration Accounting System (APBDes) in Ulak Paceh Village

This study aims to produce a model of the village accounting administration system to be applied in villages in accordance with government laws and regulations. The result of this study is the Village Accounting Administration Procedure to be used in villages in Indonesia as an administrative guideline.. The research data analysis technique is collecting data from observation interviews and documentation and then the data is used as material for system and procedure analysis. The results of this study found that Ulak Paceh village accounting administration employees need to learn the laws and government regulations when administering village accounting. With their limited competence in the field of accounting and administration, this administrative activity is very difficult for them. With the analysis of the APBDes administrative accounting system in Ulak Paceh village, it is hoped that administrative activities in Ulak Paceh village will be better than before.

The Damaging Outcome of the POLAR Phase III Trials Was Due to Avoidable Time-Dependent Redox Interaction between Oxaliplatin and PledOx

On 2 July 2021, highly negative results were reported from the POLAR A and M phase III trials in patients with colorectal cancer, treated with an oxaliplatin-based regimen and co-treated with calmangafodipir (CaM; PledOx®; PledPharma AB/Egetis Therapeutics AB) or placebo. The results revealed persistent chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in 54.8% of the patients treated with PledOx, compared with 40.0% of the patients treated with the placebo (p < 0.05), i.e., a 37% increase in incidence of the side effect that the trial was aimed to prevent. The damaging outcome of the trials differed diametrically from an in-parallel conducted mice study and from a clinical trial with mangafodipir, the active ingredient of CaM. According to the authors of the POLAR report, the etiology of the profound increase in CIPN in the PledOx arm is unclear. However, these devastating effects are presumably explained by intravenous administrations of PledOx and oxaliplatin being too close in time and, thereby, causing unfavorable redox interactions between Mn2+ and Pt2−. In the mice study as well as in the preceding phase II clinical trial (PLIANT), PledOx was administered 10 min before the start of the oxaliplatin infusion; this was clearly an administration procedure, where the devastating interactions between PledOx and oxaliplatin could be avoided. However, when it comes to the POLAR trials, PledOx was administered, for incomprehensible reasons, “on Top of Modified FOLFOX6” at day one, i.e., after the two-hour oxaliplatin infusion instead of before oxaliplatin. This is a time point when the plasma concentration of oxaliplatin and Pt2+-metabolites is at its highest, and where the risk of devastating redox interactions between PledOx and oxaliplatin, in turn, is at its highest.

Claim Procedure Analysis Health BPJS In Hospital

The membership administration procedure factor, the medical resume factor, the diagnosis codification factor and the action codification factor are still obstacles so that they are returned by the BPJS Health verifier. The purpose of the study was to determine the BPJS Health claim procedure at the hospital. Literature research or literature study and qualitative approach. Based on a review of 15 (fifteen) journals, it was found that there are still obstacles in the BPJS Health claim procedure so that the file is returned to the BPJS verifier. As in the case of membership administration procedures, medical resume factors, diagnosis codification factors, and action codification factors. which causes BPJS health files to be returned, namely the absence of Standard Operating Procedures which regulates the factors regarding the collection of documents for BPJS patient registration requirements. Components of author authentication and audit records are not appropriate because there is no signature of medical personnel and there are still empty parts. And the writing of the diagnosis is not specific so that the codification is not accurate and the coder on memorization does not refer to ICD-10 or only sees ICD-10 volume 3 without looking at Referring to volume 1.

Questioning in TOEFL iBT speaking test: a case of washback and construct underrepresentation

Admission in English-medium universities or institutions of higher education depends on the results obtained by candidates in large-scale proficiency tests including Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) internet-based test (iBT). The structure and administration procedure of the TOEFL iBT speaking test leaves no room for carrying out reciprocal interactions and, consequently, examining applicants’ questioning ability. This study highlights the significance of non-native students’ skills to ask oral English questions in academic contexts as experienced by non-native graduates from English-medium universities and in the view of Iranian TOEFL iBT instructors. Further, the washback of the absence of the skill in the TOEFL iBT test was investigated in speaking preparation classes. Twelve non-native graduates and nineteen Iranian TOEFL iBT instructors participated in the study. They were all interviewed about the significance of oral questioning. The instructors’ views were also sought about the consequences of the disregard of questioning in the test. To triangulate the data, two classes of the instructors were also observed. Classroom observations and interviews were analyzed through content analysis. The results indicated that the participants generally assumed questioning as indispensable in academic interactions. Despite their acknowledgment of its significance, as both the interviews and observations unveiled, the instructors, however, tended not to work on their students’ questioning because of the absence of the skill in the test, the students’ reluctance, limited preparation time, and dependence of their professional reputation on the test results rather than target situation performance. The study further discusses the implications of the findings for the test construct representation and preparation courses.

A neural substrate of compulsive alcohol use

Alcohol intake remains controlled in a majority of users but becomes “compulsive,” i.e., continues despite adverse consequences, in a minority who develop alcohol addiction. Here, using a footshock-punished alcohol self-administration procedure, we screened a large population of outbred rats to identify those showing compulsivity operationalized as punishment-resistant self-administration. Using unsupervised clustering, we found that this behavior emerged as a stable trait in a subpopulation of rats and was associated with activity of a brain network that included central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA). Activity of PKCδ+ inhibitory neurons in the lateral subdivision of CeA (CeL) accounted for ~75% of variance in punishment-resistant alcohol taking. Activity-dependent tagging, followed by chemogenetic inhibition of neurons activated during punishment-resistant self-administration, suppressed alcohol taking, as did a virally mediated shRNA knockdown of PKCδ in CeA. These findings identify a previously unknown mechanism for a core element of alcohol addiction and point to a novel candidate therapeutic target.

The dosing procedure that “makes the poison”: Comparing the effects of single versus cumulative alcohol administration methods on emotion recognition

Background: Most people often consume alcohol cumulatively and gradually. Yet almost scientific knowledge about alcohol’s acute effects on cognition, behavior, and affect stems from laboratory studies that employ a single beverage administration procedure. Objective: This study tests the hypothesis that alcohol’s acute effects depend on both methods of administration and alcohol blood level. We introduce a new laboratory procedure for studying cumulative alcohol drinking and examine alcohol’s effects on emotion recognition as a function of both alcohol administration method and alcohol blood level. Methods: Participants were recruited for one of two studies. One study employed a between-subject design using a single alcoholic dose. Participants were randomly assigned to drink either placebo (0.00%), low (0.03%), moderate (0.06%), or high (0.09%) alcohol levels. The second study employed a within-subject design using a cumulative alcoholic administration method, in which each participant drank four drinks (placebo, followed by three alcoholic drinks). Both groups reached similar breath alcohol concentrations. In both studies, participants attended a single study session, in which emotion recognition was examined following alcohol administration. Results: Single alcoholic beverage administration method caused greater impairment in emotion recognition ability, specifically for anger, happiness, and fear, as compared with cumulative administration method, even though breath alcohol levels were similar in both conditions. Conclusions: This paper presents questions concerning the internal validity of previous laboratory studies that use a single beverage administration procedure. Insights into the effects of alcohol on behavior, as well as regarding our knowledge about models of addiction are presented.

ANALISIS SISTEM AKUNTANSI PENERIMAAN KAS MASUK DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN EFEKTIVITAS PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL

This research aims to analyze cash receipt accounting system for room selling either in cash or on credit at Grage Business Hotel Yogyakarta. Based on Mulyadi's theory, this research evaluate internal control effectivity of the hotel, especially for cash receipt system. The element have been evaluated are organizational structure, authority and administration procedure, and implementation of duties and obligation based on each person's responsibilities. The data collection method used are observation, interview, and documentation. The results shows that implementation of internal control system as mention above at Grage Business Hotel Yogyakarta has not yet qualify Mulyadi's theory criterias. The major problem there are not segregation of duties. Cash and sales function run by receptionist while accounting and administration function run by general cashier. The implication of this research is to improve internal control of cash receipt of the hotel.

Dhoopana-A Concept of Fumigation in Ayurveda

Concept of disinfection or fumigation is very important as every host has not optimum level of immunity to defence himself against pathogens causing diseases and so it is commonly practised in many developed nations to prevent transmission of viral diseases which are airborne in nature such as COVID -19. However various review of modern fumigating physical & chemical agents e.g. Formalin which are expensive, having crumblesome technique & toxic nature are generally used for this purpose.Therefore, current situation of COVID pandemic demands for the replacement in Ayurveda e.g. Dhoopana Karma for such techniques.As it is cost effective, safe, convenient, effective, and lucrative method of sterilizaion. Main aim of this paper is to compile all scattered information regarding Dhoopana Karma from different Ayurvedic sculptures. All information of these karma which is in dispursed form is complied & described under different heads such as history pf Dhoopana Karma, synonyms, classification, indications (general & specific), various drugs useful for Dhoopana, their period for collection, different formulations for Dhoopana, instruments for Dhoopana, different modes of administration / procedure, method of storing and preservation of Dhoopana Dravya & duration of procedure in descriptive manner & tabular form. Extensive review related with Dhoopana Karma shows that that Dhoopan Karma which is a most common method of sterilization described in an ayurveda & it is categorised under topical (Bahiparimarjana) treatment.Broad spectrum utility of these different formulations of Dhoopana suggests demands for researches in future to study their various pharmacological properties & actions such as bacteriostatic or bactericidal, wormicidal, anti-inflammatory ,antiseptic, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal anti –pyretic. Suchpe of vivid research may become helpful to prevent the need for medical intervention in entities such as COVID-19. On the basis of this review, it can be concluded that Dhoopana Karma can be used as a type of fumigation for massive & local sterilization in current dreadful outbreak of COVID-19.