Evaluation of Socially-Aware Robot Navigation

As mobile robots are increasingly introduced into our daily lives, it grows ever more imperative that these robots navigate with and among people in a safe and socially acceptable manner, particularly in shared spaces. While research on enabling socially-aware robot navigation has expanded over the years, there are no agreed-upon evaluation protocols or benchmarks to allow for the systematic development and evaluation of socially-aware navigation. As an effort to aid more productive development and progress comparisons, in this paper we review the evaluation methods, scenarios, datasets, and metrics commonly used in previous socially-aware navigation research, discuss the limitations of existing evaluation protocols, and highlight research opportunities for advancing socially-aware robot navigation.

Analysis of Agricultural Performance in Burkina Faso Using Data Envelopment Analysis

In this paper, we used the DEA method, to apply to the agriculture sector in BurkinaFaso. We applied the method with forty-one (41) agricultural farmers with data taking into account cultivated area, manual (human) labour, the liquidity fund of the working household, the number of crops (products) and the expected farm incomes. The results highlight the seven (7) technical efficiencies. Taking into account the variable scale yields, fourteen (14) efficient farms are obtained. These results show how non-efficient farms in the DEA sense are indexed to efficient farms that can serve as benchmarks or benchmarks in terms of performance improvement. This study shows that efficiency does not depend on the category of operator but on overall performance (efficiency and productivity).

TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI SMA SWASTA DI BEKASI TERHADAP EFIKASI DIRI DALAM BERPRESTASI

Each school has criteria or benchmarks used to determine the final results of the learning process that has been carried out. Student learning achievement is one input or output from the school. So great is the effect of learning achievement on schools and the environment that students need to develop themselves in achieving achievement. Students are expected to have motivation in learning and improve achievement for the advancement of themselves and their environment. Self-efficacy has a role in giving a confidence or confidence to students in carrying out the task and obtain the expected results. Confidence and confidence need to be instilled in students in order to develop their abilities and be responsible for the tasks assigned to them, and obtain results according to ability. This research, reveals a description of students' understanding in carrying out learning / academic assignments so as to prepare for the future and achieve the expected goals. The number of research subjects amounted to 162 people, as students of class XI Bekasi City Private High School. The results showed 98.8% of 162 students realized that success or success could be achieved with diligent effort, 95.7% of students tried to obtain achievements to achieve their goals, 98.8% of students tried to make the assignment given by the teacher can be completed on time, 85.8% of students have the confidence to complete the task and face difficulties in completing the task (80.2%). The level of self-understanding of Class XI High School Bekasi Private School students mostly acknowledges that success or success can be achieved with diligent effort, obtaining achievements that support the achievement of ideals, as well as having confidence in completing tasks while facing difficulties

Novel Human-in-the-Loop (HIL) Simulation Method to Study Synthetic Agents and Standardize Human–Machine Teams (HMT)

This work presents a multi-year study conducted at the University of Toledo, aimed at improving human–machine teaming (HMT) methods and technologies. With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) in 21st-century machines, collaboration between humans and machines has become highly complicated for real-time applications. The penetration of intelligent and synthetic assistants (IA/SA) in virtually every field has opened up a path to the area of HMT. When it comes to crucial tasks such as patient treatment/care, industrial production, and defense, the use of non-standardized HMT technologies may pose a risk to human lives and cost billions of taxpayer dollars. A thorough literature survey revealed that there are not many established standards or benchmarks for HMT. In this paper, we propose a method to design an HMT based on a generalized architecture. This design includes the development of an intelligent collaborative system and the human team. Followed by the identification of processes and metrics to test and validate the proposed model, we present a novel human-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation method. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated using two controlled HMT scenarios: Emergency care provider (ECP) training and patient treatment by an experienced medic. Both scenarios include humans processing visual data and performing actions that represent real-world applications while responding to a Voice-Based Synthetic Assistant (VBSA) as a collaborator that keeps track of actions. The impact of various machines, humans, and HMT parameters is presented from the perspective of performance, rules, roles, and operational limitations. The proposed HIL method was found to assist in standardization studies in the pursuit of HMT benchmarking for critical applications. Finally, we present guidelines for designing and benchmarking HMTs based on the case studies’ results analysis.

Novel Human-in-the-Loop (HIL) Simulation Method to Study Synthetic Agents and Standardize Human-Machine Teams (HMT)

This paper presents a multi-year research study conducted at the University of Toledo, aimed at improving human-machine teaming (HMT) methods and technologies. With the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) into 21st-century machines, collaboration between humans and machines has become highly complicated for real-time applications. The penetration of intelligent and synthetic assistants (IA/SA) in virtually every field has opened a path for the new area of HMT. When it comes to crucial tasks such as patient treatment and care, defense, and industrial production, the use of non-standardized HMT technologies may pose a risk to human lives as well as up to billions of taxpayer dollars. A thorough literature survey revealed that there are not many established standards or benchmarks for HMT. In this paper, we aim to address the lack of HMT design and development standards. We propose a method to design an HMT based on a generalized architecture. This design includes the development of an intelligent collaborative system and human team. Followed by processes and metrics to test and validate the proposed model, we present a novel human-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation method using two controlled HMT scenarios; first, emergency care provider (ECP) training, and second, patient treatment by an experienced medic. Both scenarios include humans processing visual data and performing actions that represent real-world applications while responding to a Voice-Based Synthetic Assistant (VBSA) as a collaborator that keeps track of actions. As part of these HMT simulation studies, the impact of each parameter related to machines, humans, and HMT (such as errors made by humans and by the VBSA) is presented from the perspective of performance, rules, roles, and operation limitations. In addition, based on the analysis of results from two case studies, we presented guidelines for designing future HMT. Our conclusions indicate that the proposed HIL can be used to perform standardization studies in the pursuit of developing techniques for benchmarking HMT that can be used in critical situations.

Trainee and Program Director Perspectives on Meaningful Patient Attribution and Clinical Outcomes Data

ABSTRACT Background The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education specifies that trainees must receive clinical outcomes and quality benchmark data at specific levels related to institutional patient populations. Program directors (PDs) are challenged to identify meaningful data and provide them in formats acceptable to trainees. Objective We sought to understand what types of patients, data/metrics, and data delivery systems trainees and PDs prefer for supplying trainees with clinical outcomes data. Methods Trainees (n = 21) and PDs (n = 12) from multiple specialties participated in focus groups during academic year 2017–2018. They described key themes for providing clinical outcomes data to trainees. Results Trainees and PDs differed in how they identified patients for clinical outcomes data for trainees. Trainees were interested in encounters where they felt a sense of responsibility or had autonomy/independent decision-making opportunities, continuity, or learned something new; PDs used broader criteria including all patients cared for by their trainees. Both groups thought trainees should be given trainee-level metrics and consistently highlighted the importance of comparison to peers and/or benchmarks. Both groups found value in “push” and “pull” data systems, although trainees wanted both, while PDs wanted one or the other. Both groups agreed that trainees should review data with specific faculty. Trainees expressed concern about being judged based on their patients' clinical outcomes. Conclusions Trainee and PD perspectives on which patients they would like outcomes data for differed, but they overlapped for types of metrics, formats, and review processes for the data.

Impact of time-varying productivity on estimated stock–recruitment parameters and biological reference points

Models with time-varying parameters are increasingly being considered in the assessment of fish stocks, but their reliability when used to derive biological reference points or benchmarks has not been thoroughly evaluated. Here, we evaluated stock–recruitment models with and without time-varying productivity in a simulation framework for sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) under different scenarios of productivity and exploitation. Ignoring trends in productivity led to overestimates of productivity and underestimates of capacity when both exploitation rates and productivity declined over time, resulting in an underestimation on average of benchmarks of biological status. Despite being less biased, time-varying models had relatively poor fit based on AICc and BIC model selection criteria. Our simulation results were compared with empirical analyses of 12 Fraser River sockeye salmon stocks in British Columbia, Canada. Although benchmarks were less biased when based on time-varying models, underlying true benchmarks based on spawner abundances at maximum sustainable yield, SMSY, trend downwards when productivity declines, which may not be aligned with conservation objectives. We conclude with best practices when adapting biological benchmarks to time-varying productivity.

Dampak Eksekusi Rumah Tinggal Terhadap Kelanjutan Pendidikan Anak Sekolah Dasar

This study aims to determine the impact on elementary school children after the eviction in Tanjung Sari, Karaton, Luwuk Subdistrict, Banggai District, Indonesia. The study was conducted for three months, from February to June 2018. The research subjects were the community, especially children who were sitting in the elementary school along with parents of students at Tanjung Sari. Procedure This research is this research using procedures with stages including the following: planning, observation and implementation stages. In this study using qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques obtained through respondents' statements contained in the questionnaire data, and then to check the accuracy of the data is also carried out interviews, observation and documentation. While in describing the data obtained quantitatively used descriptive statistics, this was done in this study to obtain the correct information. Furthermore, in data processing there are two steps used, Data Selection and Classification The steps taken are a) checking whether all respondents; b) check all questions in the questionnaire to ensure answers according to the instructions given; c) check whether the collected data is suitable for processing. Then giving the score weight for each alternative answer in scoring is used Likert scale which is one way to determine the score. This technique is used to get the tendency of the scores given by respondents on each item of the question according to the criteria or benchmarks used. Based on the results of research conducted that the impact of residential execution on the continuity of education in elementary school age children in Tanjung Sari, Kelurahan Karwen, Luwuk Subdistrict, Banggai Regency has a very strong impact on the continuity of education in elementary school children in Tanjung Sari, Karaton, Luwuk Subdistrict, Banggai District.

EVALUASI EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM PEMBINAAN LANJUT PADA UNIT PELAKSANA TEKNIS PELAYANAN SOSIAL BINA REMAJA PAMEKASAN

Evaluation of Advanced Development program is carried out so that the program can run effectively, so have a positive impact on the development of youth in Pamekasan Regency and its surroundings. Based on the theory forward by Solichin Abdul Wahab, the parameters or benchmarks of the effectiveness of a program or policy measured by equality = Result versus Objectives, Advanced Coaching program at UPT PSBR Pamekasan can be said to be effective if the results achieved are in accordance with the expected goals. This research was conducted at UPT PSBR Pamekasan. The method used is descriptive qualitative so that the data collected is in the form of interview and documentation. Data analysis uses Domain Analysis techniques. The results showed that the results achieved in the Advanced Coaching program at UPT PSBR Pamekasan were in accordance with the objectives of Advanced Guidance program for youth who had been nurtured, namely providing community guidance, providing business development assistance guidance and providing guidance for strenght business improvement, so it could be conclusion that Advanced Development program implemented by UPT PSBR Pamekasan is quite effective. Keyword: Effectiveness Evaluation, Advanced Coaching, Problematic Youth Abstrak: Kegiatan evaluasi terhadap program Pembinaan Lanjut dilakukan agar program tersebut dapat berjalan efektif, sehingga memberikan dampak positif terhadap perkembangan remaja di Kabupaten Pamekasan dan sekitarnya. Berdasarkan teori yang dikemukakan Solichin Abdul Wahab, parameter atau tolok ukur efektivitas suatu program atau kebijakan diukur dengan persamaan = hasil berbanding tujuan, program Pembinaan Lanjut di UPT PSBR Pamekasan dapat dikatakan efektif apabila hasil yang dicapai sesuai dengan tujuan yang diharapkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di UPT PSBR Pamekasan. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif sehingga data yang dikumpulkan berupa data hasil wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis datanya menggunakan teknik Analisis Domain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil yang dicapai pada program Pembinaan Lanjut di UPT PSBR Pamekasan sesuai tujuan program Pembinaan Lanjut terhadap remaja yang telah dibina, yaitu memberikan bimbingan bermasyarakat, memberikan bimbingan bantuan pengembangan usaha dan memberikan bimbingan pemantapan peningkatan usaha, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa program Pembinaan Lanjut yang dilaksanakan oleh UPT PSBR Pamekasan sudah cukup Efektif. Kata Kunci: Evaluasi Efektivitas, Pembinaan Lanjut, Remaja Bermasalah

Penerapan Konsep Tri Hta Karana Di Daya Tarik Wisata Danau Beratan

The Development of the Tri Hita Karana concept start begins the study results by Pusat Kajian Bali in 2000. This study involved the local communities, scientists and various observers of development. This study resulted in a lot of concepts about the development of Tri Hita Karana which require development in Bali based on the concept. Tri Hita Karana concept is the basic for the implementation or benchmarks in sustainable tourism development in Bali. Beratan Lake is one of the many examples of tourist attraction that based on the concept of Tri Hita Karana. Researchers used the Tri Hita Karana Award and Accreditation in 2014 as a reference to provide an assessment of the existence of the Beratan Lake. The results of this study showed that the condition of the Beratan Lake at the stage of development belonging to very good.