Irrational Thoughts and Their Relationship to Emotional Stability for The Elderly in Jericho Governorate: الأفكار اللاعقلانية وعلاقتها بالاتزان الانفعالي لدى المسنين في محافظة أريحا

The aim of this study was to determine the level of irrational thoughts and emotional stability among the elderly in Governorate of Jericho, as well as the relationship between them based on gender, economic level, accommodation type, and educational level. The descriptive-analytical approach, the irrational thoughts scale, and the emotional stability scale were employed to achieve these objectives. The sample included (300) elderly people, males and females, who were chosen randomly from the elderly attending the social development centers and Grandparents’ House in Jericho. Cronbach Alpha, Pearson Correlation coefficient, t- test, one-way ANOVA were calculated using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results of this study revealed that the elderly in Jericho Governorate have a moderate degree of both irrational thoughts and of emotional stability. The results also demonstrated an inverse statistically significant relationship between irrational thoughts and emotional stability among the elderly. The results also showed no differences in the level of irrational thoughts among the elderly in the Jericho governorate due to the variables of gender or economic level. It was found that there were differences in the level of irrational thoughts due to accommodation type and educational level. The results showed that there were no differences in the level of emotional stability among the elderly based on gender, economic level, or accommodation type, while there are statistically significant differences in the level of emotional stability attributed to the educational level.

Psychologist Therapeutic Communication in Handling Clients with Deliberate Self-Harm

This study aims to find out psychologist therapeutic communication in dealing with deliberate self-harm clients in 3 research question. This study uses a phenomenological approach. In collecting data, researchers used an interview technique with five informants who were psychologists that practiced and domiciled in Bandung. The results of this study indicate the meaning of a DSH client for a psychologist into three meanings, those who have irrational thoughts, people that have fragile emotion, and those whose emotions are hidden or looking for attention. The experience of psychologist therapeutic communication in dealing with DSH clients is found in 4 major themes: techniques for building therapeutic relationships with clients, the key to understanding clients: active listening, being careful with non- verbal messages, feedback: reserved question. The psychologist's way of handling DSH clients is by handling it like a tailormade (adjusted to the personality and problems of the clients)

Peningkatan penerimaan diri pasien skizofrenia melalui Rational Emotif Behavior Therapy

Delusions and irrational thoughts often appear in schizophrenic patients. Can those negative thoughts be reduced to them? Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) is designed to help overcome the problems of negative thinking in schizophrenia. The assessment was carried out using interviews, observation and several psychological tests with the results of the dominance of negative feelings and low self-acceptance. The intervention aims to break irrational beliefs and increase self-acceptance through REBT techniques. The results of the intervention show that the client can see things from a different perspective in order to generate new, more rational thoughts so as to increase the client’s acceptance of himself, others, and the environment.

LIBERALISM AND DEMOCRACY IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION

In the perspective of Islamic education, the concept of liberalism and democracy in education is about owning academic freedom, in which a lecturer can teach, and the students have the right to learn without limitation and mixing it with irrational thoughts. This paper aims to elaborate on the nature and the development of liberalism and democracy in Islamic higher education from different sources. The type of research used in this study was library research. The data were taken from various books and articles related to the topic then analyzed using content analysis. Based on the findings, the theory of the Islamic education philosophy about the concept of liberalism and democracy were so sustainable to provide possible solutions in education management, educational facilities, and infrastructure. Also, it could be a solution for educators to implement teaching methods or approaches that are more suitable for the learning process.Abstrak:Dalam perspektif pendidikan Islam, konsep liberalisme dan demokrasi dalam pendidikan adalah tentang memiliki kebebasan akademik, dimana seorang dosen dapat mengajar, dan mahasiswa berhak untuk belajar tanpa batasan dan mencampurkannya dengan pemikiran-pemikiran yang irasional. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi sifat dan perkembangan liberalisme dan demokrasi di perguruan tinggi Islam dari berbagai sumber. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan. Data diambil dari berbagai buku dan artikel yang berkaitan dengan topik tersebut kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis isi. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, teori filosofi pendidikan Islam tentang konsep liberalisme dan demokrasi yang begitu lestari dapat memberikan solusi yang memungkinkan dalam pengelolaan pendidikan, sarana dan prasarana pendidikan. Selain itu, dapat menjadi solusi bagi pendidik untuk menerapkan metode atau pendekatan pengajaran yang lebih sesuai untuk proses pembelajaran.

Mengenal Sifat “Impostor” Melalui Teori Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT)

Irrational thinking is something that has been experienced by every human being, including students. Albert Ellis said that irrational thoughts play a role in harming others. starting from irrational thoughts which make a person influenced by the impostor, where when the impostor decreases, the irrational thoughts experienced will also decrease. This study will examine the impostor as a mediator of the relationship between the nature of the impostor that we associate with one of the counseling techniques REBT. The stage before giving the survey, the author conducted a webinar with the theme “Who is the impostor in our life”. After conducting the webinar, the authors distributed the survey link to active students 2017 - 2020 regarding the nature of the impostor. Through the results of the survey link given, it is obtained data that the impostor's attitude affects human behavior. Respondents assume that they recognize the impostors who are in themselves and those around them. Abstrak : Pikiran irrasional merupakan hal yang pernah dialami oleh setiap manusia, tidak terkecuali pada mahasiswa. Albert Ellis mengatakan bahwa pikiran irasional berperan untuk merugikan orang lain. berawal dari pikiran irasional yang menjadikan seseorang dipengaruhi oleh impostor, dimana ketika impostor semakin menurun maka menurun pola pikiran irrasional yang dialami. Penelitian ini akan menguji impostor sebagai mediator hubungan antara sifat impostor yang kami kaitkan dengan salah satu teknik konseling yaitu REBT. Tahapan sebelum memberikan survey, penulis melakukan webinar yang bertema “Siapa impostor di hidup kita?”. Setelah melakukan webinar, penulis menyebarkan link survey kepada mahasiswa aktif 2017 - 2020 mengenai sifat impostor. Melalui hasil survey link yang diberikan, mendapat data bahwa sikap Impostor mempengaruhi perilaku manusia. Responden beranggapan bahwa mereka mengenali impostor yang ada dalam diri maupun orang yang ada di sekitar mereka.

The effectiveness of a rational, emotional, behavioral program in modifying the irrational thoughts related to the pressures of life for forced retirees

Thinking includes cognitive processes implicit or explicit, or an internal mental perception of events or things, or a mental means by which a person deals with facts, things and events through the cognitive processes that are represented in the use of symbols, concepts and words. Thinking and style are its types, it is the outcome of interaction between several changes, such as an individual’s past, past experiences, ability to teach, level of education, level of education and social upbringing, cultural and civilizational factors and the influence of the surrounding environment. Work is one of the important factors that affect the life of a pensioner. Without it, the individual suffers from many social and psychological diseases, such as isolation, depression, anxiety, stress and fear. Work is the basis of respect for the individual and the respect of people for him, and the individual achieves many gratifications through his work, and when he loses it, he is exposed to many frustrated situations related to his inaction. Compulsory retirement is the second of the growth crises experienced by the individual after the crisis of adolescence. Compulsory retirement from work has become one of the most important problems facing them. Here, there are many studies that dealt with adaptation to retirement, which emphasized the importance of preparing for the post-retirement phase so that the individual avoids potential psychological disorders and to achieve a sound psychological and social harmony and a smooth transition to the retirement stage. Irrational thoughts come as a result of false cognitive precipitations in forced retirees, resulting in many socio-psychological problems, such as the problem of family relationships and a tendency to depression. Accordingly, the problem of the study was determined in a question: What is the effectiveness of a professional intervention program within the framework of strategies and methods of rational emotional-emotional-behavioral therapy in modifying the irrational thoughts related to the pressures of life for forced retirees?

INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIAL HARMONY THROUGH EMPATHY

Empathy, a concept that involves an interpersonal experience is found in all aspects of the social universe, especially in prosocial behavior, morality and regulation of aggression. In the context of the major medical and social crisis caused by the pandemic, the need to develop empathic social skills becomes a pressing need. Anxiety generated by the threat of disease and death has led to the emergence of paradoxical individual or social behaviors. Thus, by disturbing the cognitive harmony of the individual - irrational thoughts in relation to contamination and illness or on the contrary the denial of the disease was destructured emotional harmony (anxiety, depression, psychosomatic manifestations) with adverse consequences at the individual and subsequent social level. The objective manifestation of disharmonious cognitions and emotions materialized in the manifestation of maladaptive behaviors. The present paper is an analysis of the two theories on empathy - Simulation Theory and Mind Theory in order to improve prosocial behavior in a pandemic context. Studies show the significant influences of social and cultural factors on the empathic capacity of the individual. In this sense, it is important to emphasize that empathic skills can be learned and developed in relation to the environment and the social context. Understanding the concept of social empathy is important by being able to provide a model of thinking and action that opens new ways of contextual approach to the current situation that could ultimately lead to alleviating the crisis and improving social conditions by adopting an adaptive behavior in according to the limits imposed by the new epidemiological situation.

Irrational thoughts of the translator’s personality in assessing the quality of translation

<p>The correlation between translation as an objective field and psychological characteristics has produced various psychological and translational interrogations. To investigate the role of the translator’s personality in identifying the level of irrationality beliefs, university instructors are the corpus of the present study. After using statistical means SPSS, the results of instructors of males and females were observed to advocate for an active role of the translator in some instances. The present study employed a questionnaire that is consisted of thirty-five paragraphs measures the individual's attitude towards himself and his or her family that behaves irrationally in the performance and functions. Through the results of this study, which this study found that irrational thoughts are widespread among male and female teachers. This research also provided details of making an empirical contribution to the research in translation. Thus, the seriousness of irrational thoughts, as it is one of the reasons for the incompatibility and its seriousness on translation. This led to the weakness of the translation process, which caused the distraction of the mind to broadcast the hostile rumour that managed to exploit confusion in the translation.</p>

The Sufi Phenomenology of Love Based on the Thoughts of Rabia Al-Adawiyya and Edith Stein

This article contributes to research on the consideration of the phenomenon of Love through a comparison of the thoughts of Sufi thinker Rabia al-Adawiyya (713-801) and phenomenological philosopher Edith Stein (1891-1942). The author studies the poems of Rabia and the final work of Edith Stein, where she discussed her views on divine love, “Science of Cross”. The main aim of the article is a search for the crossing point between Sufism and Phenomenology. The author considers three stages of phenomenological reduction: faith, hope and love. First, the heart is considered as a noematic core and the result of epoché. The second part of the article is an investigation into the second stage of phenomenological reduction, hope, which is studied as a transition between rational and irrational thoughts. In the third part of the article, divine love is investigated as a process of perfection in Sufism and of phenomenological reduction in phenomenology. In conclusion, the essence of love is presented on the basis of Sufi phenomenology, where the principles of Sufism and phenomenology are in contact. In other words, the consideration of love is a method of representing Sufi phenomenology as a new philosophical doctrine.