Seismic testing of a static power static transfer switch

This test report documents seismic qualification testing of a Static Power Static Transfer Switch (STS). The STS is a mission-critical unit that will be installed at Eareckson Air Station (EAS), on the island of Shemya, Alaska. Two units were built, one of which was tested on the ERDC-CERL shake table on 10 November 2020, and the other delivered to EAS for installation. This report presents details on the STS configuration, seismic tests conducted, and the performance of the unit. The unit passed the final seismic test and can now confidently be installed at the EAS.

Online Critical Unit Detection and Power System Security Control: An Instance-Level Feature Importance Analysis Approach

Rapid and accurate detection of critical units is crucial for the security control of power systems, ensuring reliable and continuous operation. Inspired by the advantages of data-driven techniques, this paper proposes an integrated deep learning framework of dynamic security assessment, critical unit detection, and security control. In the proposed framework, a black-box deep learning model is utilized to evaluate the dynamic security of power systems. Then, the predictions of the model for specific operating conditions are interpreted by instance-level feature importance analysis. Furthermore, the critical units are detected by reasonable local interpretation, and the security control scheme is extracted with a sequential adjustment strategy according to the results of interpretation. The numerical simulations on the CEPRI36 benchmark system and the IEEE 118-bus system verified that our proposed framework is fast and accurate for specific operating conditions and, thereby, is a viable approach for online security control of power systems.

Role of early tracheostomy for preventing ventilator associated pneumonia in intensive care unit: a review

<p class="abstract">Tracheostomy often plays a crucial role in airway management of the patients in intensive critical unit (ICU). Tracheostomy is often helpful for improvement of the respiratory mechanics and the patient comfort. There are several advantages of the trachesotomy over the endotracheal tube intubation such as avoidance of the injury of the larynx, provide a stable airway, facilitates pulmonary toilet and facilitates ventilation. It has been suggested that tracheostomy also helpful to reduce the risk of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) in comparison to the trans-laryngeal intubation. VAP is a type of nosocomial infection which has been associated with presence of mechanical ventilation. Despite significant improvement in managing the intubated patients, VAP remains a common and sometimes fatal complication in the ICU. Clinician’s attitude towards trachesotomy may be still heterogeneous in ICU and the decision for performing tracheostomy is still challenging. However, early tracheostomy is associated with less VAP, less ICU stay, avoid higher number of intubation in early group of tracheostomy and higher patient comfort. The purpose of this review article was to discuss the etiopathology of VAP, epidemiology, role of early tracheostomy in VAP and prevention of the VAP in patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU.</p>

Kepatuhan Perawat Dalam Menyimpan Obat High Alert Di Unit Kritis Rumah Sakit Advent Bandungs Rumah sakit Advent Bandung

The critical unit is a treatmenta room for patients with severe conditions that require close observation and advanced treatment. Due to severe conditions, patients are given therapy and types of drugs that require special attention or are often called high alert drugs, either in providing, giving or storing. The administration of drug in an inappropriate manner can cause a reaction that is dangerous to the patient and improper storage can also harm the patient materially.This study aims to determinethe compliance of nurse in the high alert drug storage processin the Critical Care Room in Bandung Adventist Hospital. The storage process includes labeling high alert drugs including high concentration electrolytes,cytostatic drugs,similar speech drugs ( NORUM AND LASA ),narcotics,insulin,antiarythmia,inotropics, and anticoagulants. The method used in this research is descriptive, namely through the data obtained fron the compliance of nurse who are in the critical care roomin Bandung Adventist Hospital regarding the storage process and high alert drug services. The results showed that the compliance of nurses who were in the critical care room who was the most obedient in storing high alert drugs was the NICU-PICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit - Pediatric Intensive Care Unit) room with an adherence rate of 86,01%. While the space that is lacking in compliance with high alert drug storage is the HCU-ICCU ( High Care Unit- Intensive Caronary Care Unit) room of rate 77,56% . This shows that the level of compliance thatis owned is still below the standard qualityindicator, which is 100%. So,it requires commitment by the nursesto better complywith the high alert drug storageand service protocols.

Hospital pharmacy management: Logistics focus on the supply chain

The hospital is a critical unit in the management process in general. This criticality becomes more pronounced when it comes to supply logistics. In the hospital unit, it is important to highlight the hospital pharmacy as an indispensable nucleus for effective and safe treatment of the patient. Objective: to identify and report the main difficulties and inefficiencies in the process of supply management in hospital pharmacies. Methodology: Literary review of articles indexed in lilacs, SPELL, Scielo, Medline and CAPES Journal Portal databases, from 2005 to 2019, on supply management in hospital pharmacies. Results: 25 articles were selected, which addressed the theme, which were critically studied, aiming to understand the supply chain process in hospital pharmacies. Conclusion: the main difficulty encountered was the effective control of inventories. As a result, at any given time, the lack of some materials and medications, thus bringing harm or damage to patients.

Differences in the Outcome of Patients with COPD according to Body Mass Index

Background: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the “obesity paradox” is a phenomenon without a clear cause. The objective is to analyze the complications of COPD patients according to their body mass index (BMI). Methods: An observational study with a six-year prospective follow-up of 273 COPD patients who attended a spirometry test in 2011. Survival and acute events were analyzed according to the BMI quartiles. Results: A total of 273 patients were included. BMI quartiles were ≤24.23; 24.24–27.69; 27.70–31.25; ≥31.26. During the follow-up, 93 patients died. No differences were found in exacerbations, pneumonia, emergency visits, hospital admissions or income in a critical unit. Survival was lower in the quartile 1 of BMI with respect to each of the 2–4 quartiles (p-value 0.019, 0.013, and 0.004, respectively). Advanced age (hazard ratio, HR 1.06; 95% confidence interval, CI 1.03–1.09), low pulmonary function (HR 0.93; 95% CI 0.86–0.99), exacerbator with chronic bronchitis phenotype (HR 1.76; 95% CI 1.01–3.06), high Charlson (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.18–1.49), and the quartile 1 of BMI (HR 1.99, 95% CI 1.08–3.69) were identified as risk factors independently associated with mortality. Conclusions: In COPD, low BMI conditions a lower survival, although not for having more acute events.

Hydrogeomorphic Impacts of Floods in a First-Order Catchment: Integrated Approach Based on Dendrogeomorphic Palaeostage Indicators, 2D Hydraulic Modelling and Sedimentological Parameters

Floods represent frequent hazards in both low- and first-order catchments; however, to date, the investigation of peak flow discharges in the latter catchments has been omitted due to the absence of gauging stations. The quantification of flood parameters in a first-order catchment (1.8 km2) was realised in the moderate relief of NE Czechia, where the last flash flood event in 2014 caused considerable damage to the infrastructure. We used an integrated approach that included the dendrogeomorphic reconstruction of past flood activity, hydraulic modelling of the 2014 flash flood parameters using a two-dimensional IBER model, and evaluation of the channel stability using sedimentological parameters. Based on 115 flood scars, we identified 13 flood events during the period of 1955 to 2018, with the strongest signals recorded in 2014, 2009 and 1977. The modelled peak flow discharge of the last 2014 flood was equal to 4.5 m3·s−1 (RMSE = 0.32 m) using 26 scars as palaeostage indicators. The excess critical unit stream power was observed at only 24.2% of the reaches, representing predominantly bedrock and fine sediments. Despite local damage during the last flood, our results suggest relatively stable geomorphic conditions and gradual development of stream channels under discharges similar to that in 2014.

A Simulation Knowledge Extraction-Based Decision Support System for the Healthcare Emergency Department

Nowadays, healthcare systems services have become a serious concern for many countries across the world. Due to its complexity and Variability the Emergency Department (ED) is considered the most critical unit of the hospital and the healthcare systems in general. Increasing the patient satisfaction, reducing as much as possible the patient's waiting time and the patient's length of stay, and optimizing the resources utilization are the overriding preoccupation for any ED manager. To support the performance enhancement in the ED, simulation studies have profusely been involved. In this paper the authors describe a decision support system based on the combination of a simulation and a temporal knowledge extraction model for the operation improvement of the emergency department in the public hospital Lakhdar Bouzidi in Bordj Bou Arreridj (Algeria). Their methodology points out how agent-based modeling simulation can benefit from data mining analysis methods to provide a powerful decision support system that can help managers to improve the functioning of the ED.

Maintenance Optimization Model with Sequential Inspection Based on Real-Time Reliability Evaluation for Long-Term Storage Systems

For long-term storage systems such as rockets and missiles, most of the relevant models and algorithms for inspection and maintenance currently focus on analysis based on periodic inspection. However, considering factors such as the complexity of the degradation mechanisms of these systems, the constraints imposed by failure risk, and the uncertainty caused by environmental factors, it is preferable to dynamically determine the inspection intervals based on real-time status information. This paper investigates the issue of maintenance optimization modelling for long-term storage systems based on real-time reliability evaluation. First, the Wiener process is used to establish a performance degradation model for one critical unit of such a system, and a closed-form expression for the real-time reliability distribution is obtained by using the first-hitting-time theory. Second, sequential inspection intervals are dynamically determined by combining the real-time reliability function with a real-time reliability threshold for the system. Third, a maintenance optimization model is established for the critical unit based on update process theory. An analytical expression for the expected total cost rate is derived, and then, the real-time reliability threshold and the preventive maintenance threshold for the unit are jointly optimized by means of Monte Carlo simulation, with the lowest expected total cost rate as the optimization goal. Finally, two examples of a gyroscope and an alloy blade that are commonly used in the long-term storage systems are considered, and the validity of the proposed model is illustrated by means of a sensitivity analysis of the relevant parameters.

Germanium-rich palladium minerals – palladogermanide pd2ge, paolovite pd2 (sn, ge), zvyagintsevite in sulfide-bearing anorthosites of the Yoko-Dovyren pluton, Baikal region

The bottom part of the Yoko-Dovyren layered mafic–ultramafic intrusion hosts the Baikalskoe deposit of Cu–Ni sulfide ores with Pt–Pd mineralization, and the stratigraphically higher portion of the intrusion includes units and pockets with low-sulfide ore with Pt–Pd mineralization. The maximum Pd, Pt, Au, Ag, Hg, and Cd concentrations and the greatest number of noble-metal minerals, including those containing Ge, are typical of vein-shaped sulfide-bearing anorthosite bodies and pegmatoid anorthosites in the upper part of the Critical Unit, at the boundary between the troctolite unit and overlying gabbronorite. The noble-metal minerals were produced mostly by postmagmatic pneumatolytic (fluid–metasomatic) processes. These minerals are kotulskite, moncheite, zvyagintsevite, telargpalite, paolovite, and other Pd and Pt chalcogenides and intermetallic compounds, including palladogermanide that contains 19.8 wt % Ge (the first find in Russia), paolovite with 8.1 wt % Ge (first find), and Au-rich zvyagintsevite that bears 0.55 wt % Ge. The palladogermanide has the composition Pd2.03(Ge0.80As0.15Bi0.02)0.97, and much of its Ge is substituted for As, as is typical of endogenic Ge minerals. The composition of the Ge-paolovite isPd2.02(Sn0.54Ge0.35Sb0.05As0.04)0.98. The possible source of the germanium is contact-metasomatic pyrite-bearing paralic carbonaceous shales hosting the intrusion.