Kualitas Pelatihan dan Pendidikan Maritim dari Sudut Pandang Taruna dan Perwira Siswa

The world Maritime Education and Training Institute (PPM) under the International Maritime Organization (IMO) plays an important role in producing ideally skilled and competent seafarers. Developing countries, especially Indonesia, are challenged to be able to improve the quality of PPM institutions in developing their competencies that are globally oriented and based on a high level of excellence, so as to be able to maintain industrial competitiveness and overcome further globalization which causes economic growth in developing countries. This type of research uses descriptive research with a structured interview method. The main objective of this study is to assess the quality of maritime education and training from the perspective of seafarers in Indonesia. The result of this research found that a national strategy was needed for professional development for the cognitive development of seafarers.

Exploring the Qualifications of Future Seafarers from the Perspective of Stakeholders: its Implications in the Maritime Education and Training

The global need for logistics distribution is increasing from year to year. Significant technological developments have been applied to merchant ships to run supply chains more effectively and efficiently. Seafarers are the main subjects who operate and navigate ships to adapt to technological advances. Their qualification to meet stakeholder expectations then becomes an essential issue for discussion. This study aims to discover the qualifications of future seafarers from a stakeholder perspective. Implications in Maritime Education and Training are also discussed. The authors uses a qualitative research design and conducts interviews to collect data. Using the purposive sampling method, the author involved participants who had much experience in the maritime industry. The findings of this study reveal that technical and theoretical knowledge, english communication skills, and IT skills are hard skills expected by stakeholders. Apart from hard skills, seafarers also need soft skills to support their work, including managerial skills, hardiness and adaptability, motivation to learn, and a good attitude. This finding has significant training in the Maritime Education and Training sector. Students need to learn lessons to foster student learning motivation and provide more time for ship simulators and engines to experience actual work activities on board.AbstrakMenggali Kualifikasi Pelaut Masa Depan dari Perspektif Pemangku Kepentingan: Implikasinya dalam Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Maritim; Kebutuhan global distribusi logistik semakin meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Perkembangan besar teknologi telah diterapkan pada kapal-kapal niaga untuk menjalankan rantai pasokan dengan cara yang lebih efektif dan efisien. Pelaut sebagai subjek utama yang mengoperasikan dan menavigasi kapal dituntut untuk menyesuaikan diri dengan kemajuan teknologi. Kualifikasi mereka untuk memenuhi harapan para pemangku kepentingan kemudian menjadi isu penting untuk dibahas. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menggali kualifikasi pelaut masa depan dari perspektif pemangku kepentingan. Implikasi dalam Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Maritim juga dibahas. Penulis menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif dan melakukan wawancara untuk mengumpulkan data. Dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, penulis melibatkan partisipan yang banyak mendapatkan pengalaman di industri maritim. Temuan penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa pengetahuan teknis dan teoritis, keterampilan komunikasi bahasa Inggris, dan keterampilan TI merupakan hard skill pelaut yang diharapkan oleh para pemangku kepentingan. Selain hard skill, pelaut juga membutuhkan soft skill untuk menunjang pekerjaannya, antara lain kemampuan manajerial, hardiness dan adaptability, motivasi belajar, dan attitude yang baik. Temuan ini memiliki implikasi yang signifikan di sektor Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Maritim. Penting untuk menyesuaikan metodologi pengajaran untuk menumbuhkan motivasi belajar siswa dan memberikan lebih banyak waktu untuk penggunaan simulator kapal dan mesin agar siswa dapat mengalami aktivitas kerja nyata di atas kapal.

Investigating Teachers’ and Students’ Perceptions of Online English Learning in a Maritime Context in China

English is required as the official working language for oceangoing seafarers across the world. In China, much time and effort has been dedicated to improving maritime students’ Maritime English (ME). However, low English proficiency is still one of the main barriers for Chinese seafarers to compete in the international maritime labor market. Online technology has introduced great opportunities for ME education in China. A deep understanding of the current status of online ME education in China is essential for enhancing its quality and effectiveness. This article investigates the current status of online ME education in China from the perspectives of Chinese maritime students and ME teachers by examining four key factors: online ME materials, online assessment and feedback, online interactions, and related online support. In total, 255 maritime students and 34 ME teachers from different maritime education and training (MET) institutions in China participated in this research. The study finds that online ME education in China was underdeveloped. Limited and simple online methods were being used in ME teaching and learning. The exam-oriented teaching mode greatly impeded the implementation of creative online methods. Many online functions had not been fully exploited and individual learning needs should be highlighted.

A Study on the Analysis of the Effects of Passenger Ship Abandonment Training Using VR

Virtual reality (VR) has been adopted for education and training in numerous lines of work. In the field of maritime education and training (MET), training with VR has been implemented in areas such as engine room system familiarization, dangerous work onboard familiarization, and emergency response. In addition, in line with current trends in maritime autonomous surface ship (MASS) technology developments, trial applications of VR have been implemented to understand the applicability of this type of vessel. Moreover, there is an increasing need to reinforce education/training in MET to reduce ship accidents. The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of satisfaction with VR education/training, the impact of that education, and matters requiring training emphasis for implementation. To this end, the training participants’ satisfaction with VR training was compared to that of video training, and items of strategic importance in the training content were identified using Borich’s needs assessment, after which the educational impact of VR training was compared to that of video training. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the extended application of MET using VR, and can help in identifying areas for emphasis in training to reduce maritime accidents.

The continuum of simulator-based maritime training and education

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented challenges to the maritime supply chain and called for accelerated adoption of digital technologies in various aspects of maritime operations, including the area of maritime education and training (MET). This paper aims to discuss the current maritime simulator-based training and educational practices that forms an integral part in seafarer training and competency development. The study provides a review of the existing simulators in use in MET, and discusses upon the technological and pedagogical advancement of maritime simulator-based training interventions with predictions regarding the future MET practices with use of virtual reality and cloud-based simulators. This study—by focusing on ship’s bridge operations—highlights the characteristics of various types of simulators and also discusses the role of instructors, challenges, and opportunities involving future simulator-based MET due to accelerated adoption of digital technologies and the need to comply with pandemic-related restrictions for MET institutes. The analysis generated in the paper may contribute to the ongoing discussion regarding the future of simulator-based MET and the fulfillment of the UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 in the maritime sector.

Maritime Undergraduate Students: Career Expectations and Choices

The following study presents an inquiry into understanding the motivating factors of students to enroll in a maritime university and to further continue with a career in the maritime industry. By collecting data from 378 undergraduate students enrolled in various maritime programs (navigation, electromechanics, electrical engineering, and economic engineering in transport), we aimed to better understand the profiles of students, their information sources, interest, and the prospects of associated programs where they are enrolled. As such, this study seeks to enable educators and industry practitioners to better understand the educational and career paths chosen by undergraduates in the maritime field. It can align the students’ expectations with program delivery. We examined students’ perceptions and assessments according to the program they are enrolled in. Taking into account the fact that there is a world low attraction for maritime careers, the results of this study are useful for maritime education and training (MET) providers during the design and marketing campaign of the educational program to attract students. Additionally, the findings are useful for public administration and the Ministry of Education’s analysis of expanding educational and research programs, as well as for Ministry of Labour forecasting. Employers from the maritime industry can find useful the main motives for which a graduate would choose to work in this sector, business field, or a related business. Moreover, industry practitioners and academia can expand the study at a larger scale, comprising more countries and taking into account national and regional characteristics.

The Students’ Perception Towards English Communication Practice in Sunda Strait Traffic Separation Scheme Scenarios

A sufficient English communication during the sea voyage is cumpolsory to gain greater safety. Then the students in the maritime education and training must be able to perform this kind of competency before they have the voyage by practicing the communication in the bridge simulator. The aim of this study is to invesitigate the students’ perception during the English communication practice using the Sunda strait traffic separation scheme scenarios. This study used quantiative approach with the questionnaire which distributed to 100 (one hundred) students majoring the Teknologi Rekayasa Pengoperasian Kapal (TROK) in Diploma IV program that the subject is concerning the nautical and ship’s operations. The results showed that the students had positive perceptions on English communication practice in the Sunda strait Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) scenarios.

Development of Maritime Professionals in Bangladesh: A Literature Review

Bangladesh has a rich shipping history. The country is dependent economically as well as socially and politically on the industry. While, the country is slowly regaining global recognition, the industry is no less on challenges. The seafarers face major issues due to the factors such as conditions of the maritime education and training institutes, forged documentation, negative reputation of the country, etc. Further, the seafarers of Bangladesh also lack skills and training when compared to the seafarers of the other developed countries. Moreover, the country lacks technological resources too, which makes it even more difficult for the seafarers to grow in the industry. The article looked at the different sets of improvements that can be made to the shipping industry and make it easy for the seafarers to get proper jobs in the industry. This study explored the challenges and opportunities for the seafarers and the industry though a review of literature.

Key factors affecting the quality of maritime education and training: empirical evidence from China

Recently, the quality of Maritime Education and Training (MET) has drawn more attention from employers of the shipping industry, because incompetent officers have frequently contributed to ship accidents. The authors intend to explore answers to three questions: (1) Is the quality of Chinese MET satisfactory to the maritime stakeholders? (2) What are the major factors affecting the quality of cadet training? (3) Are there feasible solutions to improve the quality of MET? The authors take China, a major seafarers supplying country, as empirical evidence to disclose the causes of the problems. By an exploratory factor analysis technique, this paper presents the findings of semi-structured interviews and questionnaire surveys and identifies four principal factors affecting the quality of MET in China. Shortage of skillful instructors, lack of onboard training, over-reliance on theoretical teaching, and limited funding sources are prominent factors in this context. Practical solutions are proposed for the purpose of improving the overall competence of Chinese cadets expected to become the dynamic workforce for the global shipping industry.