Bible Translation as Incarnation of the Word of God: Transformational Power through Form and Meaning

Bible translation is not a neutral activity, divested of any moral, spiritual, or cultural claim or responsibility. Form has often distorted meaning but happily meaning has often created new hybrid forms in different cultures. This paper addresses the need to work out the incarnational aspect of Bible translation in terms of a conscious multimodal perspective. First, there is a need for a philosophical-theological account of the dialectical relationship between form and meaning. Second, we need to reinterpret the relationship among different types of embodied performance, such as oral and written translation, as part of the same multimodal reality. Finally, Bible translation should promote the appropriation of Scripture through the community’s culture in different forms in order to unleash its transformational power. Multimodal theory can offer a valuable tool to treat all types and modes of translation as equal, but distinct, expressions, thus acknowledging different cultures, people groups, and communities of faith.

Waiting as Performative and Relational: A Narrative Inquiry Study Into the Experiences of Women Who Use Substances

Background and PurposeThe act of waiting in health care is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. Waiting in health care is not a neutral activity; it is filled with expectations marked by cultural and social norms. In this article, we consider the performative nature of waiting by reflecting on the experiences of two participants in a narrative inquiry study.MethodsDrawing on a narrative inquiry study focused on the experiences of three women who disclosed illegal substance use during their pregnancy or early postnatal period, we inquired into two participants' experiences of waiting. The study which took place in a large urban center in Western Canada, where the researcher connected with participants who faced numerous challenges due to poverty, stigma, and discrimination.ResultsSharing the narratives of Georgia Dewart, and participants Renate, and Marilynn, we explore the performative act of waiting in their interactions with health care. We consider the political and social implications of the act in order to explore the subtleties and overlooked consequences of waiting. This work encourages the nursing profession to address overlooked aspects of care, such as the act of waiting.Implications for PracticeOur findings draw attention to the normative expectations within participants' experiences of waiting. This work offers methodological considerations for those engaging with Butler's concept of performativity when considering everyday acts. We also challenge care providers to reflect on their experiences working with clients, families, and communities to consider both the relational and performative nature of these interactions.

Intolerable Ideologies and the Obligation to Discriminate

In this paper, I argue that businesses bear a pro tanto, negative, moral obligation to refuse to engage in economic relationships with representatives of intolerable ideologies. For example, restaurants should refuse to serve those displaying Nazi symbols. The crux of this argument is the claim that normal economic activity is not a morally neutral activity but rather an exercise of political power. When a business refuses to engage with someone because of their membership in some group, e.g., Black Americans, this is a use of political power to signal that Black Americans are other. Conversely, when businesses engage with someone who is clearly representing an intolerable ideology, this is a use of political power that signals the acceptability of that ideology. Businesses should not do this.

Language Ideology and Its Manifestations: Exploring Implications for Japanese Language Teaching

Language teaching is often seen as an ideologically neutral activity. Linguists have traditionally believed that what people say about language use or structure does not represent ‘real’ linguistic data (Schieffelin, et al, 1998:11). However, it is precisely this dismissal that modern linguistic anthropologists hope to dispel. This paper attempts to lay bare the workings of language ideology and how it impacts language teaching in general and Japanese language pedagogy in particular.The ideological orientation of what constitutes ‘standard’ Japanese language involves inclusion of certain components that are motivated by Nihonjinron discourses of ‘identity, aesthetics, morality and epistemology’ and processes of exclusion that ‘erase’ deviations from the ‘norm’ (Schieffelin, et al, 1998:3). Ideas about ‘native speaker’ understanding, selection of language materials, inclusion and exclusion of syntactical, lexical, and pragmatic forms in teaching manuals, etc., are all affected by these perspectives, some of which this paper will hope to enumerate. With concrete examples it will be demonstrated how flawed these processes are and how a critical pedagogical approach may help solve these issues.

Redes de Sociabilidade como estratégia para o ensino de ciências

Resumo Existe uma crença comum entre os estudantes e até mesmo entre professores de que a ciência é uma busca solitária e que as idéias aparecem espontaneamente na mente dos cientistas. Esta é uma percepção estereotipada sobre a natureza da Ciência que procuramos superar mostrando as pesquisas de Albert Calmette (1863 - 1933), em parceria com Camille Guérin (1872 - 1961), sobre o desenvolvimento da vacina BCG utilizando uma Rede de Sociabilidade elaborada por nós, uma vez que a História da Ciência pode contribuir para o entendimento dos processos e mecanismos pelos quais a ciência é elaborada. Organizamos as contribuições de Albert Calmette, no período de 1905 a 1933, para o desenvolvimento da vacina BCG. Para tanto, utilizamos os trabalhos originais publicados por ele. Nestes trabalhos, mostramos controvérsias e diálogos com outros pesquisadores, integrando uma abordagem internalista e externalista da História da Ciência, fazendo uma discussão dos conceitos científicos em seus trabalhos e as influências sociais, econômicas e políticas no respectivo contexto histórico. É possível observar como a interação com outros estudos e ideias do período orientaram as pesquisas de Calmette. A Rede de Sociabilidade pode ajudar os alunos a superar suas visões deformadas da Ciência, como as supracitadas e outras, dentre elas a de que a ciência é uma atividade neutra e que os conhecimentos científicos são sempre construções lineares.Palavras-chave: Rede de Sociabilidade, História da Ciência, Ensino de Ciências Abstract There is a common belief among students and even among theachers that science is a solitary pursuit and that ideas appear spontaneously in the minds of scientists. This is a stereotyped perception about the nature of Science that we seek to overcome by presentig the researches of Albert Calmette (1863-1933), in partnership with Camille Guérin (1872-1961), on the development of the BCG vaccine using a Sociability Network developed by us , since the History of Science can contribute to the understanding of the processes and mechanisms by which science is elaborated. We organized the contributions of Albert Calmette, from 1905 to 1933, for the development of the BCG vaccine. For this purpose, we used the original papers published by him. In these papers, we show controversies and dialogues with other researchers, integrating an internalist and externalist approach to the History of Science, by doing a discussion of the scientific concepts within his papers and the social, economical and political influences in the respective Historical context. It is possible to observe how the interaction with other studies and ideas of the period had oriented Calmette's researches. The Sociability Network can help students overcome their deformed views of science, such as those above mentioned, including that science is a neutral activity and that scientific knowledge is always a linear constructs. Keywords: Sociability Network, History of Science, Science teaching

“Not our class darling”: networking – privilege or penalty in large hotels?

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show how the social categories of gender, age and class influence networking practices and career progression in the 4–5-star hotel sector in Australia and New Zealand. It argues that in this type of workplace the practice of networking is so normalized that it is assumed an inclusive, gender-neutral activity. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on 18 semi-structured interviews. Inductive analysis was used uncover themes, sub-themes and emergent patterns. An intersectionally sensitive approach was followed. Findings The significance of networking processes for career progression in the 4–5-star hotel sectors was a recurring theme. Networking reflects historically embedded gendering practices that heighten existing class-based structural privilege for groups of men. Research limitations/implications The focus is on hotel employees in Australia and New Zealand with the findings are not implicitly generalizable. Practical implications Networks are important for women as their “merit” may not be immediately visible. Well-structured mentoring schemes need to be adopted as part of the affirmative action required to tilt the “skewed playing field”. Originality/value Studies that indicate how the gendering of networking practices reinforce career privilege and penalty in specific organizations have been lacking, as have studies favouring an intersectional approach. This study seeks to redress these omissions.

Portrayals of Caring Masculinities in Fiction Film: The Male Caregiver in Still Mine, Intouchables and Nebraska.

This article analyzes the male caregiving characters Driss in Intouchables (2011), Craig in Still Mine (2012) and David in Nebraska (2013) in terms of hegemonic masculinity and its variations (Connell 1990; Connell and Messerschmidt 2005). Caregiving is a complex social situation normally assumed within kinship relationships, and traditionally attributed to women. We briefly review feminist analysis of caregiving since the 1970s (Fine and Glendinning 2005), and use critical studies on men and masculinities to show that the uptaking of caring tasks by men would and is contributing to equality between women and men (Elliott 2015). We have looked at the portrayal of the male caregivers in these films, and if and how they challenge hegemonic masculinity in terms of positive experiences. Our findings show that despite the tension men experience between giving in to and challenging patriarchal privilege of a care-free life, strategies such as humour, complicity, outdoor action and a general concern for the dignity of the care-receiver can be identified as some of these features of (imagined) caring masculinities and open new spaces for defining care as a gender neutral activity.

Critical Advising: A Freirian-Inspired Approach

Advising is not a politically neutral activity. It requires pedagogical grounding that promotes critical reflection and action consistent with praxis. Advisors can turn to literature citing Brazilian educator and critical pedagogue, Paulo Freire, for discussions on praxis, and they can use a Freirian-inspired advising approach to connect the curriculum to a postsecondary institutional mission for promoting the common good. Freire also serves as an inspiration for educators seeking to promote social justice. In this article, some basic Freirian concepts are explored so advisors can inspire in students critical reflection and action with the goal of helping them see the world as changeable.