A Relationship between Socio-personal Characteristics with the Extent of Accessing Different Information Sources on Dairy Husbandry Activities by Field Veterinarians in Coastal Odisha

Background: Veterinarians in field conditions access different sources for gathering information on dairy husbandry activities. The information source used most frequently must be given due importance by the researchers and scientists to provide quality information. Methods: The present study was conducted among 120 field veterinarians of coastal Odisha. The sources used by the respondent veterinarians were identified and analysed for the extent of usage of the sources. The mean was calculated for frequency of accessing different sources for information on dairy husbandry activities as per the data collected in a 3-point continuum scale namely Always (2), Sometimes (1) and Never (0) and ranks were assigned accordingly. The effect of different independent variables on different information sources was analysed using one way ANOVA. Result: It was reported that usage of internet by the respondents was ranked 1st followed by WhatsApp 2nd, Personal contact 3rd, Phone calls 4th, Technical literatures 5th, books 6th, journals 7th, TV 8th, Apps 9th, SMS 10th and email 11th respectively. It was observed that the female respondent veterinarians were using books and journals significantly more than their male counterparts. Significant difference was observed in usage of books for acquiring information between the respondent veterinarians of young age group (up to 35 years) and old age group ( greater than 50 years). Significant differences were observed between the respondent veterinarians with less than 10 years of job experience and greater than 20 years of experience for using personal contact method with the lower estimates for the higher experienced group.

NEED ASSESSMENT AND PROFILE OF SERVICES PROVIDED BY THE STAFF IN OLD AGE HOMES

INTRODUCTION: The staff of the old age homes being the primary caregivers to the elderly, can ensure that the health issues are addressed. Therefore, they need knowledge on aging, needs and care services for residents, and ways of providing individualized care and support for senior citizens in old age homes. METHODOLOGY: Four old age homes were selected; purposive sampling was used. 4 old age home founders and 20 old age home residents, that ve from each old age home were formed samples. The representatives of old-age home managers and residents were interviewed. The datasheet was prepared to collect information such as facilities, admission criteria, and services. RESULTS: Among the manager, three males and one female respondent, and nine males and 12 females old age home residents. Old age homes belongings to charitable homes and private homes. Majority of the old age homes doesn't have health professional. Descriptive analysis was used to analyse the data. CONCLUSION: The staff working in the old age homes requires training in psychosocial issues and interventions for the institutionalized elderly. The training programme will improve the knowledge about needs and psychosocial interventions for old age home residents. Furthermore, it would enable the staff to provide individualized psychosocial care and support for old age home residents, which are not present in many old age homes.

Influence of Gender on Psychological Wellbeing among Elderly Working And Nonworking Respondents

Retirement tends to be perceived by society as passivity, social withdrawal, and physical and mental decline. The fact that people in retirement have withdrawn from economic endeavor tends to lower the esteem in which they are held by the community even though the withdrawal may be forced upon the individual by reason of compulsory retirement at a fixed age. These are the negative aspects of the overall picture. Keeping this as background an attempt is made to assess “Influence of Gender on Psychological Wellbeing among Elderly Working And Nonworking Respondents”.For the study purpose 309 elderly persons were included, 199 were male and remaining 110 were female. Among them retired working male were 99 and retired nonworking male were 100 and retired working female were 29 and retired nonworking female 81. Psychological wellbeing scale by Sisodia and Choudhary (2012) measuring 5 aspects namely life satisfaction, efficiency, sociability, mental health and interpersonal relations was used to measure the level of psychological wellbeing among retired working and non-working persons. Two-way ANOVA was employed to find out the impact of gender on psychological well-being. Results revealed that male respondents had better psychological wellbeing than female respondents. However, the interaction effect between groups and gender was found to be significant indicating male and female respondent differed significantly in total psychological wellbeing irrespective of the group they belong. Thus there is an impact of gender on psychological well-being among elderly working and nonworking persons. Engaging in life, financial benefit and social contacts even after retirement balance the wellbeing in elderly leading to happy and successful aging.

Preference for artificial intelligence medicine after COVID-19 pandemic: Discrete choice experiment (Preprint)

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic poses a great threat to the public health system globally and has squeezed medical and doctor resources. Artificial intelligence (AI) has potential uses in virus detection and relieving the public health pressure caused by the pandemic. In the case of a shortage of medical resources caused by the pandemic, whether people’s preference for AI doctors and traditional clinicians has changed is worth exploring. OBJECTIVE We aim to quantify and compare people’s preference for AI medicine and traditional clinicians before and after the COVID-19 pandemic to check whether people’s preference is affected by the pressure of pandemic METHODS The propensity score matching (PSM) method was applied to match two different groups of respondents recruited in 2017 and 2020 with similar demographic characteristics. A total of 2048 respondents (1520 from 2017 and 528 from 2020) completed the questionnaire and were included in the analysis. The Multinomial Logit Model (MNL) and Latent Class Model (LCM) were used to explore people’s preferences for different diagnosis methods. RESULTS Among these respondents, 84.7% in 2017 and 91.3% in 2020 were confident that AI diagnosis would outperform human clinician diagnoses in the future. Both groups of respondents matched from 2017 and 2020 attached most importance to the attribute ‘accuracy’, followed by ‘diagnosis expense’, and they prefer the combined diagnosis of AI and human clinicians (2017: odds ratio [OR] 1.645; 95% CI 1.535,1.763, p < 0.001; 2020: OR 1.513, 95% CI 1.413, 1.621, p < 0.001, Reference level: Clinician). LCM identified three classes with different attribute priorities. In Class 1, the preference for combination diagnosis and accuracy remains constant in 2017 and 2020, and higher accuracy (e.g., 2017 OR for 100% 1.357; 95% CI 1.164, 1.581) is preferred. People in 2017 and 2020 prefer 0 min outpatient waiting time and 0 RMB diagnosis expense. In Class 2, the 2017 matched data is also very similar to class 2 in 2020, AI combined with human clinicians (2017: OR 1.204, 95% CI 1.039, 1.394, p = 0.011; 2020: OR 2.009, 95% CI 1.826, 2.211, p < 0.001, Reference level: Clinician) and 20 minutes (2017: OR 1.349, 95% CI 1.065, 1.708, p < 0.001; 2020: OR 1.488, 95% CI 1.287, 1.721, p < 0.001, Reference level, 0 min) of outpatient waiting time were consistently preferred. In Class 3, the respondents in 2017 and 2020 had different preferences for diagnosis method; respondents in Class 3 of 2017 prefer clinicians, whereas respondents in Class 3 of 2020 prefer AI diagnosis. The odds ratios of accuracy continued increasing with the increasing of accuracy, like other classes of 2017 and 2020. As for the latent class segmented according to different sexes, all of the male and female respondent classes from 2017 and 2020 rank accuracy as the most important attribute. CONCLUSIONS Individual preference for clinical diagnosis between AI and human clinicians were very similar and mostly unaffected by the burden of the public health system caused by the pandemic. Diagnosis accuracy and expense for diagnosis were of the most important attributes of choice of the type of diagnosis. These findings can provide guidance for policymaking relevant to the development of AI-based healthcare.

Peran ecolabel awareness dan green perceived quality pada purchase intention

Global market recently tend to be concerning about green market with green product. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of ecolabel awareness and green perceived quality on purchase intention. This research used probability sampling technique method with random sampling procedure but based on gender (female respondent), to represent all respondent that used green cosmetic product in Bandar Lampung. It was designed from three variabels using a Likert scale. It used SmartPLS 3.0 to analyze data. The finding of this study reveals that ecolabel awareness has positive but no significant direct effect on purchase intention, whereas green perceived quality has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention.

knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards Covid-19 among Palestinians during the Covid-19 outbreak: a cross sectional survey

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) is a highly contagious illness that spreads rapidly through human to human transmission. On March 5, the government of Palestine declared a state of emergency in order to curb the spread of the virus, a declaration that it extended for a fifth time on July 5th. The degree to which a population complies with corresponding safety measures is surely affected by the people's knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards the disease. To explore this hypothesis, we gathered data from 1,731 Palestinians between April 19th and May 1st, 2020 through a KAP questionnaire. The participant pool represented a stratified sample of Palestinians living across a number of governorates in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, with 36.5% from Gaza and (63.5%) from the West Bank. Gender was almost equally distributed within the sample with (51%) male respondents and (49%) female respondent. The questionnaire included 17 questions about participants knowledge and awareness of COVID19, 17 questions regarding the safety measures they had taken in the wake of the outbreak and 3 questions asking them to assess the efficacy of the governments response to the pandemic. The overall correct mean of the knowledge was 79.26+-0.35. Most participants' expressed confidence that Covid19 would be successfully controlled and that Palestine could win the battle against Covid19, though 62% believed that stricter measurements must be applied. Based on the results of this study, we conclude that health education programs aimed at improving the public's understanding of COVID19 are important in helping the population maintain appropriate practices, and that findings such as those discussed in this report may provide valuable feedback to lawmakers working to stop the spread of the virus.

Employees’ Job Satisfaction in Tertiary Level Hospitals

Introduction: In a resource-limited and high burden disease setting, satisfied human resource is an asset in terms of high productivity, efficiency and quality care. Objective: To evaluate and analyze the employees’ job satisfaction at tertiary level hospitals and identify the important determinants for job satisfaction. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was done in two leading specialized private owned hospitals of Bangladesh during January 2011 to April 2011. A group of 200 employees were selected from both clinical (60%) and non-clinical (40%) staffs through systematic sampling method. Self-administered structured questionnaire was used keeping focus on organizational supportive activities, management employee relationship, gender discrimination and overall job satisfaction. Results: Male and female participants were nearly equal, 75% female respondent was satisfied/highly satisfied on their job which was higher than male (55%)(P<0.005). Married participants and employees aged 31-40 years showed higher level of job satisfaction (P<0.005). Forty Four percent respondent considered that salary was not at expected level and 47% opined that they could participate very often in decision making process. Two third respondents considered that they enjoyed freedom in their job and majority (55%) admitted that they received praise for good work. All the respondents opined that they did not have any experience of sexual harassment. Univariate analysis was done to see the association between job satisfaction and other variables. Authority valued respondent's contribution (P<0.005), satisfaction with salary and other benefits (P<0.005), superiors encourage employees about carrier development (p<0.005), make feeling about importance of job (P<0.005), receive praise for good work (P<0.05), superior looks after the personal welfare (P<0.05) and organization helps employee in their problem (P<0.005) were found significantly associated with Job satisfaction. Conclusion: To provide optimum health service by a health centre, all the staffs at all level, should be valued as an asset of the organization and their salary, participation and welfare should be properly looked after. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.11(2) 2015: 14-19

Study on Community awareness regarding psychological violence against women

A community based cross-sectional study was carried out in a selected village of Dhamrai, Dhaka with a sample size of 191 to explore the status of community awareness regarding psychological violence against women (PVAW) among respondents > 18 years of age with a semi-structured questionnaire employing purposive sampling method; data was collected by face to face interview. Female respondent were higher (51.8%) in number. This study found that 26.2% and 29.3% respondents were in the age group between 28-37 years and 38-47 years respectively (Mean ±SD = 37.35 ±11.95 years). Most of the respondents were married (86.4%); mean duration of marriage was 18.41 ±10.438 years. The mean monthly family income was 21989.53 ±12391.419 Tk, This study found that nuclear family (58.1%) was higher. The findings of the current study shows that 57.6% respondents have average (30 % to < 60%) knowledge regarding psychological violence. Association between the psychological violence with educational status of the respondents was statistically significant. (p = .018), also there is statistical significant association between psychological violence with family income of the respondents. (p = .018) and psychological violence with the type of family of the respondents. (p = .033). Violence against women is a burning public health issue and a serious threat to human rights. Intervention like social awareness programmes can be arranged to improve the knowledge and awareness of the community people.

How I Survived Emotional Abuse: A Narrative Study

Children of divorce are not new to society yet their coping strategies are overlooked. Different abuse histories warrant a unique combination of coping strategies to deal with memories of past abuse. Coping has been put forward as an important element in understanding the long-term functioning of individuals with a history of emotionally abuse. The aim of this study was to investigate the challenges faced by a child of divorced parents, the coping strategies adopted by the child and how these coping strategies affected her level of perceived stress and life satisfaction. By using a narrative study, a female respondent, aged 13 who had been victimised through parental divorce was interviewed. Face-to-face interview was conducted by employing unstructured questions. Thematic analysis was implemented to analyse the data. Major themes found were; internal and external challenges, as well as positive and negative strategies. The results revealed that the child experienced mental health problems such as depression and loneliness during her childhood as a consequence of parental divorce which is perceived as a huge stressor or challenge in her life event. She engaged in both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping – using active emotion-focused coping other than avoidant focused coping – which led to boosting satisfaction in her life. This study contributes to school counsellors in helping school children, as well as for Muslim families with children coping with emotional abuse.

Association of Kidney Stones with Metabolic Syndrome Parameters in Indonesia

Background: Kidney stone disease is common throughout the world with the lifetime risk of kidney stones in the United States exceeding 12% in men and 6% in women. In the United States, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is 24% in men and 23.4% in women. Elevated prevalence of kidney stones is often associated with metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome itself. Objective: To assess the association between kidney stones and metabolic syndrome parameters in differences gender. Methode: Using a cross-sectional study, data obtained from secondary data of Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2013. A total of 26,063 people were as respondents in our study. Diagnosis of kidney stone based on Riskesdas 2013 interview. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and PERKENI. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used in data analysis. Result: Number of respondents have been diagnosed with kidney stones by doctors was 226 (0.9%) respondents from 26,063 respondents. Central obesity was a dominant factor which associated with the risk of kidney stones in male respondents (OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.3-2.9; p=0.003) after adjustment for age. Metabolic syndrome was a dominant factor which associated with the risk of kidney stones in female respondent (OR 6.1; 95% CI 3.4-11.3; p&lt;0.001) after adjustment for age. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome and central obesity were associated with the risk of kidney stones.