scholarly journals A Relationship between Socio-personal Characteristics with the Extent of Accessing Different Information Sources on Dairy Husbandry Activities by Field Veterinarians in Coastal Odisha

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Nanda ◽  
P. Swain ◽  
B.C. Das ◽  
S.K. Dash ◽  
K. Shweta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Female Respondent ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Sources

Background: Veterinarians in field conditions access different sources for gathering information on dairy husbandry activities. The information source used most frequently must be given due importance by the researchers and scientists to provide quality information. Methods: The present study was conducted among 120 field veterinarians of coastal Odisha. The sources used by the respondent veterinarians were identified and analysed for the extent of usage of the sources. The mean was calculated for frequency of accessing different sources for information on dairy husbandry activities as per the data collected in a 3-point continuum scale namely Always (2), Sometimes (1) and Never (0) and ranks were assigned accordingly. The effect of different independent variables on different information sources was analysed using one way ANOVA. Result: It was reported that usage of internet by the respondents was ranked 1st followed by WhatsApp 2nd, Personal contact 3rd, Phone calls 4th, Technical literatures 5th, books 6th, journals 7th, TV 8th, Apps 9th, SMS 10th and email 11th respectively. It was observed that the female respondent veterinarians were using books and journals significantly more than their male counterparts. Significant difference was observed in usage of books for acquiring information between the respondent veterinarians of young age group (up to 35 years) and old age group ( greater than 50 years). Significant differences were observed between the respondent veterinarians with less than 10 years of job experience and greater than 20 years of experience for using personal contact method with the lower estimates for the higher experienced group.

scholarly journals Scabies outbreaks during 2019 in Al- Daseem, Al-Rusafa-Baghdad: A retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Bashar A. Abdul Razzaq ◽  
Tuka Y. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Scabies is a skin infestation by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. Scabies is transmitted through close personal contact. Settings like hospitals, prisons and childcare centers are at greater risk of outbreaks. Both male and female may be infected with scabies in any age groups. It is common in tropical climate countries poor people who live in rural areas and among displaced patients. It rises significantly among low economic status because skin diseases are significantly associated with a higher crowding index. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of scabies in Al- Daseem region and identify factors associated with an increased risk of scabies among patients.   Methodology: A retrospective cross sectional study was carried out about scabies outbreak in Al- Daseem area which located at Al-Rusafa side in Baghdad during 2019. Basic data were obtained from records of communicable disease section/public health director / Al-Rusafa health directorate. All registered cases during 2019 were included in the study, and then data computerized and analyzed using SPSS version 23 using frequency tables for the selected variables under study. Participants represented by students of Ali Al Wardi School (the only school in Al Daseem area) and from people live in this area (20% of them selected randomly). Data included socio-demographic information (age, sex, family member, and treatment). The diagnosis of scabies was based on their typical history of (itching that worsens at night, the distribution of lesions, and a history of contact with other family member infected with scabies).   Results: A total of 11363 participants information were obtained from database, 6473were male and 4873 were female. There were 746 (6.6% of total) participants infected with scabies of them, there were 457 (7%) male patients and 289 (5.9%) female patients. There was significant association between scabies and gender of patients, P=0.018. According to the age groups of patients, there were 161 (6.4%) patients 6 years old, 337 (8.8%) patients within (7-12 years) age group, 82         (6.7%) patients within (13-19 years) age group, and there were 166 (4.3%) patients 20 years old. There was a significant difference between scabies and age group, p<0.001. Of the total patients, there were 622 (85%) patients had another family member infected with scabies. There was a significant association between patients and having another family member infected with it, P<0.001. Conclusion: prevalence of scabies in Al-Daseem region was (6.6%). Scabies was dominant among male, age group of (7-12 years), and having other family member infected with scabies.    Key words:  Scabies, Al-Desame, outbreak, mite, school.

scholarly journals The Influence of different Sources on Disease-related Knowledge among Patients with Rare Diseases: A Qualitative Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenja Litzkendorf ◽  
Martin Frank ◽  
Ana Babac ◽  
Daniel Rosenfeldt ◽  
Franziska Schauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract Background: Finding reliable information on one of more than 7,000 rare diseases is a major challenge for those affected. Since rare diseases are defined only by the prevalence criterion, a multitude of heterogeneous diseases are included. Common to all, however, are difficulties regarding information access. Even though various quantitative studies have analyzed the use of different information sources about rare diseases, still little is known about how users rate these sources and how their importance changes over time. Methods: Fifty-five patients with a variety of rare diseases and 13 close relatives participated in qualitative interviews. For these interviews, a semi-structured guideline was developed, piloted, and revised. Evaluation followed qualitative content analysis developed by Philipp Mayring. Results: The internet is the most important and widespread information source, especially for early information. Although patients have difficulty dealing with information obtained online, they consider online searching a quick and practical option to gather information. During the course of the disease, personal contact partners, especially self-help associations and specialized doctors, become more important. This is also because information provided online is sometimes insufficiently detailed to answer their information needs, which can be complemented by information from doctors and self-help. Conclusions: People rarely use just one type of source, but rather refer to different sources and informants. The source used depends on the type of information sought as well as other person-related factors such as preexisting knowledge and the disease stage. To improve people’s information searching and connect them with specialists in rare diseases, a central information portal on rare diseases is a suitable access point to provide free and quality assured information for patients, caregivers, and physicians. This would allow not only patients but also doctors to find quality assured information on symptoms and therapies as well as patient associations and specialized doctors.

scholarly journals Information Sources Utilized and Their Degree of Credibility as Perceived by the Fish Farmers in Manipur

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
. Sajina ◽  
Y. J. Singh ◽  
P. K. Maurya
Keyword(s):  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Group Contact ◽  
Training Programmes

The study was undertaken to analyze the information sources utilized and their degree of credibility as perceived by the fish farmers in three districts of Manipur viz., Imphal East, Imphal West and Thoubal. These districts were purposively selected following an ex-post-facto research based on the prevalence of fish farmers. A sample of 60 fish farmers were selected randomly from the districts; twenty (20) from each district. A structured interview schedule was used to collect the information through personal interview. Information sources were categorized broadly into three scores: 3-Regularly’, ‘2-Occasionally’, ‘1-Rarely’ and their credibility as 3-Highly Credible; 2-Moderately Credible; 1-Least Credible. The study revealed that among all the personal contact methods, majority of the respondents sought information from friends and neighbours, followed by contact with progressive fish farmers & opinion leaders, and contact with line departments with mean scores of 2.46, 2.32 and 1.67 respectively. Among the group contact methods, group discussion & meeting was the most frequently used information source by the fish farmers with mean score 2.74 followed by discussion with fish farmers and training programmes with mean scores of 2.54 and 1.77 respectively. Among the mass contact methods, radio was the most frequently used source of information with 2.88 mean score followed by newspaper and television with mean scores of 2.21 and 1.97 respectively. Friends and neighbours, contact with progressive fish farmers & opinion leaders and personal contact with faculty/ scientist were perceived as the most credible sources of information among all the personal contact methods with 2.98, 2.38 and 2.34 mean scores respectively. Among the group contact methods, group discussion & meeting was perceived as the most credible information source by the fish farmers with 2.76 mean score. Discussion with fish farmers served as the second most frequently used source with 2.53 mean score followed by training programmes with mean score 1.77. Among the mass contact methods, radio was the most frequently used with 2.84 mean score followed by television and internet with mean scores of 2.39 and 2.19 respectively.

Concerning the Representativeness of Psychiatric Catamnestical Studies - The Influence of Various Approach Strategies on the Response of Former Patients

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
I. Steinhart ◽  
G. Bosch ◽  
Th. Muhr ◽  
E. Mohlfeld
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Social Psychiatry ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Careful Planning ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Registration Procedure

SummaryThe possible conclusions reached by catamnestical studies are often significantly restricted because of the lack of representativeness of the sample. The example of an investigation of former patients of the Department of Social Psychiatry proves that positive responses to an interview are influenced by various factors. As expected, patients were more inclined to participate in the research project the closer their discharge was to the time of the project itself. Further, it became clear that various different approach strategies, such as letters, enquiries with the registration authorities, phone calls and house visits, effectively increased the motivation of former patients, and that only this kind of graded registration procedure guarantees motivation leading to a sample representative of the total population. Personal contact plays an especially important role. These empirical findings indicate the necessity of careful planning and implementation of sample collection in catamnestical studies. Without this approach, representative results cannot be expected.

Hepatic Encephalopathy and Liver Failure in Pediatric Patient with hepatitis A

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (o3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaima’a Dakhel AbdulHassa
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medical City ◽  
Sequence Method ◽  
Stool Samples

Gairdia lamblia is one of parasites that cause intestinal problems within the human body, particularly private travelers and children. In this study a total of (100) diarrheal patients, 20 patients with Giardiasis were identified by fecal antigen. 9 out of 20(20%) of them were infected by fecal antigen, while 9(9%) of them were infected by using the screening general stool examination (GSE). The stool samples were collected from patient how vested the Medical City/ Baghdad and Tikrit teaching Hospital during the period from 1 st may 2018 to 1 February 2019. The results revealing a significant difference (p andlt; 0.05) between the two methods of detection for G. lamblia (Fecal antigen method and GSE). IT has been shown that out of 20 infected individuals 12(12%) were males and 8(8%) were females, indicating regarding no significant deference in the distribution of Giardiasis among genders. In regard the age, our results showed that highest infection rate 8(3.2%) was recorded in the age group (10-19) years, followed by the age group (20-2) years which was 692.4%). In this study five mutations were recorded at position (926, 1094, 1202and 1304), by using tpiA gene sequence method, and tpiB gene was on point mutation change (G254A), in the position (85) of triose phosphate isomease.

Assessment of COVID-19 Related Misinformation among the Community in Basrah, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (CSI) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Ali Al-Rubaye ◽  
Dhurgham Abdulwahid ◽  
Aymen Albadran ◽  
Abbas Ejbary ◽  
Laith Alrubaiy
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
The Public ◽  
First Case ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Central District

Background: There has been a rapid rise in cases of COVID-19 infection and its mortality rate since the first case reported in February 2020. This led to the rampant dissemination of misinformation and rumors about the disease among the public. Objectives: To investigate the scale of public misinformation about COVID-19 in Basrah, Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on a 22-item questionnaire to assess public knowledge and understanding of information related to the COVID-19 infection. Results: A total of 483 individuals completed the questionnaire. The most frequent age group was 26–35 years (28.2%); there were 280 (58%) males and 203 (42%) females. Of the participants, 282 (58.4%) were with an education level below the Bachelor’s degree, 342 (70.8%) were married, and 311 (64%) were living in districts in Basra other than the central district. Overall, 50.8% (11.8/ 22 * 100%) of individuals had the correct information regarding COVID-19. There was a significant association between the level of COVID-19 related misinformation and participants’ educational levels and occupation (p <0.05). However, there was no significant difference found across sex, age group, marital state, and area of residence. Conclusions: Misinformation related to COVID-19 is widely spread and has to be addressed in order to control the pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19, misinformation, knowledge, Iraq

Characteristics of monitored diabetic patients by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (05) ◽  
pp. 4563
Author(s):  
Tariq A. Zafar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Hba1c Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) test indicates the blood glucose levels for the previous two to three months. Using HbA1c test may overcome many of the practical issues and prevent infections such as urinary tract infections (UTIs). The study aimed to evaluate the impact of glycemic control using HbA1c test to understand patient characteristics and UTIs prevalence. Glycemic control was evaluated by measuring HbA1c for a total of 208 diabetes patients who were regularly attending diabetes center in Al-Noor specialist hospital in Makkah.  The results showed that good and moderate glycemic controlled patients were 14.9% and 16.9% respectively while the poor glycemic patients were 68.3%. Among the good improved glycemic control, 83.9% were females, 48.4% were from age group (15-44y). Among the moderately improved glycemic control, 68.4% were females, 54.3% were from age group (45-64 y) with no significant difference. The total number of the patients with positive UTIs was 55 (26.4%) while the total number of patients with negative was UTIs 153 (73.6%). Among the positive UTIs, 76.3% were with poor glycemic control while only 12.3% and 11% were moderate and good improved glycemic control respectively. Among the negative UTIs, 65.3% were with poor glycemic control while only 19% and 15.7% were with moderate and good improved glycemic control respectively.  Prevalence of UTIs among diabetic patients was not significant (p > 0.05). It was concluded that HbA1c was useful monitoring tool for diabetes mellitus and may lead to improved outcomes. Using a HbA1c test may overcome many of the practical issues that affect the blood glucose tests.

scholarly journals Doctors as disseminators? Practicing physicians as multipliers for community-based prevention networks in a large city in western Germany

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Kreffter ◽  
Simon Götz ◽  
Stefanie Lisak-Wahl ◽  
Thuy Ha Nguyen ◽  
Nico Dragano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Entrance Examination ◽  
Parenting Skills ◽  
Language Therapy ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Social Differences ◽  
Immigrant Background ◽  
Practicing Physicians

Abstract Aim Practicing physicians have a special position as disseminators of community-based prevention for children. However, it is unclear to what extent physicians inform parents about programs. The study investigated: To what extent do physicians disseminate information about community-based prevention for children aged 0–7? Do differences exist along family’s socioeconomic position (SEP) and immigrant background? Subject and methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study in a German school entrance examination. Parents were invited to participate in a survey on community-based prevention with information about their awareness and information source. SEP was measured by parental education, immigrant background by country of birth. For nine services types, we counted how often parents named physicians and other professional groups as information sources. To estimate social differences, we calculated adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Survey participants included 6480 parents (response 65.49%). Compared to other information sources, physicians were mentioned less frequently. For example, regarding language therapy, 31.2% of parents were informed by healthcare/social services, and 4.4% by physicians. Lower educated parents were less frequently informed by physicians about counseling services (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.46–0.73) compared to higher educated parents. Parents with immigrant background were informed less often about parenting skills courses (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.70–0.90) compared to parents without immigrant background, but more often about language therapy (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.13–1.91). No further social differences were observed. Conclusion The role of physicians as disseminators for community-based prevention is expandable. They should promote parenting skills courses in a socially sensitive way.

scholarly journals POS1189 THE IMPACT OF TELEMEDICINE AND COVID-19 ON A TERTIARY RHEUMATOLOGY SERVICE: A RETROSPECTIVE AUDIT

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 876-877
Author(s):  
W. Zhu ◽  
T. De Silva ◽  
L. Eades ◽  
S. Morton ◽  
S. Ayoub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosuppressive Therapy ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Cohort Differences ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Retrospective Audit ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background:Telemedicine was widely utilised to complement face-to-face (F2F) care in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the impact of this on patient care is poorly understood.Objectives:To investigate the impact of telemedicine during COVID-19 on outpatient rheumatology services.Methods:We retrospectively audited patient electronic medical records from rheumatology outpatient clinics in an urban tertiary rheumatology centre between April-May 2020 (telemedicine cohort) and April-May 2019 (comparator cohort). Differences in age, sex, primary diagnosis, medications, and proportion of new/review appointments were assessed using Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square tests. Univariate analysis was used to estimate associations between telemedicine usage and the ability to assign a diagnosis in patients without a prior rheumatological diagnosis, the frequency of changes to immunosuppression, subsequent F2F review, planned admissions or procedures, follow-up phone calls, and time to next appointment.Results:3,040 outpatient appointments were audited: 1,443 from 2019 and 1,597 from 2020. There was no statistically significant difference in the age, sex, proportion of new/review appointments, or frequency of immunosuppression use between the cohorts. Inflammatory arthritis (IA) was a more common diagnosis in the 2020 cohort (35.1% vs 31%, p=0.024). 96.7% (n=1,444) of patients seen in the 2020 cohort were reviewed via telemedicine. In patients without an existing rheumatological diagnosis, the odds of making a diagnosis at the appointment were significantly lower in 2020 (28.6% vs 57.4%; OR 0.30 [95% CI 0.16-0.53]; p<0.001). Clinicians were also less likely to change immunosuppressive therapy in 2020 (22.6% vs 27.4%; OR 0.78 [95% CI 0.65-0.92]; p=0.004). This was mostly driven by less de-escalation in therapy (10% vs 12.6%; OR 0.75 [95% CI 0.59-0.95]; p=0.019) as there was no statistically significant difference in the escalation or switching of immunosuppressive therapies. There was no significant difference in frequency of follow-up phone calls, however, patients seen in 2020 required earlier follow-up appointments (p<0.001). There was also no difference in unplanned rheumatological presentations but significantly fewer planned admissions and procedures in 2020 (1% vs 2.6%, p=0.002). Appointment non-attendance reduced in 2020 to 6.5% from 10.9% in 2019 (OR 0.57 [95% CI 0.44-0.74]; p<0.001), however the odds of discharging a patient from care were significantly lower in 2020 (3.9% vs 6%; OR 0.64 [95% CI 0.46-0.89]; p=0.008), although there was no significance when patients who failed to attend were excluded. Amongst patients seen via telemedicine in 2020, a subsequent F2F appointment was required in 9.4%. The predictors of needing a F2F review were being a new patient (OR 6.28 [95% CI 4.10-9.64]; p<0.001), not having a prior rheumatological diagnosis (OR 18.43 [95% CI: 2.35-144.63]; p=0.006), or having a diagnosis of IA (OR 2.85 [95% CI: 1.40-5.80]; p=0.004) or connective tissue disease (OR 3.22 [95% CI: 1.11-9.32]; p=0.031).Conclusion:Most patients in the 2020 cohort were seen via telemedicine. Telemedicine use during the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with reduced clinic non-attendance, but with diagnostic delay, reduced likelihood of changing existing immunosuppressive therapy, earlier requirement for review, and lower likelihood of discharge. While the effects of telemedicine cannot be differentiated from changes in practice related to other aspects of the pandemic, they suggest that telemedicine may have a negative impact on the timeliness of management of rheumatology patients.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

scholarly journals Retrospective Seroepidemiology study of dengue virus infection in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Hsuan Lee ◽  
Yu-Chia Hsieh ◽  
Chih-Jung Chen ◽  
Tzou-Yien Lin ◽  
Yhu-Chering Huang
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Seropositive Rate ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Dengue virus infection has been an important and serious public health concern in Taiwan, where local outbreaks of dengue fever occurred almost every year. To our knowledge, no nationwide investigation has been carried out to determine the actual extent of infection in the general population. Methods A total of 1308 random serum samples were collected from the general population in Taiwan in 2010. The antibody-captured enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to detect DENV-specific IgM and IgG. Demographics data were used for risk analysis. Results The weighted overall seroprevalence was 1.96% for anti-DENV IgM, and 3.4% for anti-DENV IgG, respectively. A significant rise of DENV IgG seropositive rate had been noted since late adulthood stage, from 1.1% at the age group of 50–59 years to 7.6% at the age group of 60–69 years. For people aged over 70 years, the seropositive rate reached 19%. Age, nationality, and regions of residency were associated with the IgG seropositivity. There was no statistically significant difference in seroprevalence of anti-Dengue IgM, indicating recent infection, among univariate predictors we proposed, including gender, age, residency, nationality, and household size. Conclusions Our results indicated that the majority of population in Taiwan born after 1940 is naive to dengue virus and the prevalence of IgG antibody against dengue virus rises with age. Nationality, and regions of residency are associated with the exposure of population to infection by dengue viruses. Further studies are needed to realize the current situation of seroprevalence of dengue fever in Taiwan.

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